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504 Final Exam: Names, Dates, Terms

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Last updated: April 29, 2024
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First submittedApril 29, 2024
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Edict of Cyrus
Allowed Judean exiles to return under Zeurbabel, Ezra-Nehemiah
Masoretic Text (MT)
Authoritative Hebrew and Aramaic text of the 24 books of the Hebrew Bible
Chaoskampf
"Chaos battle," major theme of Psalms YHWH's defeat of primordial foes
Instructions of Amenemope
Egyptian text with thematic similarities to Proverbs
Ha-Satan
the accuser/adversary from Job (not a proper name)
Qoheleth
the teacher, one who speaks in the assembly
Hevel
breath/smoke/vapor, translated as "vanity" in the sense of worthless/pointless
Acrostic
the kind of poetry found in Psalms, Proverbs, Lamentations
Wasf
poetic genre from Egypt, ANE, medieval Arabia
Two books, no God
Esther; Song of Songs
Ninth of Av
holiday commemorating destruction of first and second temple, Lamentations is read
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Ahasuerus
Assumed to be Xerxes I (486-465 BCE) of Persia
Purim
Festival celebrating defeat of Haman
Moab
Across the Dead Sea from Judah; similar archaeology, language. Ruth is a Moabite. Negative views of Moabites from Genesis, Numbers, Deuteronomy.
1 Esdras
Evidence of larger textual tradition, our canonical book is one version of several Ezra-related material
4 Ezra
More evidence of larger textual tradition: Greek 2 Esdras with 5 and 6 Ezra
Apocalypse
literary genre found in Daniel with these features: revelation mediated by angel, secret knowledge about end times, elaborate visions, pseudoepigraphic
Apocalyptic worldview
eschatology (concern with the end-times), determinism (God is in control), Dualism (cosmic and earthly battle between good and evil), afterlife (reward or punishment after death)
Seleucids
Empire based in Babylon, six wars between Ptolemies and Seleucids (274-163 BCE), they take control of Judea c. 200 BCE
Ptolemies
Empire based in Egypt, ruled Judea 305-198 BCE before Seleucids took control
Antiochus IV
Antiochus Epiphanes "made-manifest," Seleucid king who prohibited Jewish customs/worship in 167 BCE. Maccabean revolt was against him.
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