Beams absolutely, 120% do support roofs: https://www.thebeamguy.com/the-roof-beam .
Here's a source from the UK too, just in case you don't like the .com version: https://www.roofingsuperstore.co.uk/help-and-advice/product-guides/flat-roofing/whats-the-difference-between-a-beam-and-a-joist/ .
In fact, rafter as just one type of beam: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/rafter
Here's a source from the UK too, just in case you don't like the .com version: https://www.roofingsuperstore.co.uk/help-and-advice/product-guides/flat-roofing/whats-the-difference-between-a-beam-and-a-joist/ .
In fact, rafter as just one type of beam: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/rafter