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Answer
1902
The first British recipient of the Nobel Prize, recognized for his work related to the transmission of malaria
Ronald Ross
1904
Though he may be better known for his work studying classical conditioning, he performed detailed research on the process of digestion, which he published in 1897 in The Work of the Digestive System
Ivan Pavlov
1905
Pioneered the field of modern bacteriology, and established his theory of four postulates that must be satisfied in order to determine that a disease is caused by a particular microbe
Robert Koch
1908
Performed early work in the field of immunology. He discovered that, after exposing mice to a small dose of ricin and gradually increasing the dose given, the animals developed an immunity to it
Paul Ehrlich
1924
Performed groundbreaking work related to electrocardiography. He invented the string galvanometer to measure the electric current of the heart
Willem Einthoven
1930
Known as the “father of transfusions,” made important discoveries in the field of serology in the early 1900s, including the identification of the three major blood groups (A, B, and O)
Karl Landsteiner
1933
He discovered the basic mechanisms of genetic inheritance via his experiments on fruit flies, specifically the species Drosophila melanogaster
Thomas Hunt Morgan
1945
Accidentally discovered the antibiotic penicillin after haphazardly stacking Petri dishes in the corner of his notoriously untidy laboratory
Alexander Fleming
1962
Together, these two scientists discovered the molecular structure of DNA using the work of Rosalind Franklin
James Watson
Francis Crick
1983
She dscribed the existence of transposons, also called “jumping genes,” from her observations that certain DNA sequences on the maize she was studying could change position on a chromosome