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QRUs Most Important Women in History

Can you name the most influential women in world history, according to me.
Note that I will use the names I'm most comfortable with. If you miss a type-in, please ask!
Yes, some of those are weirdly obscure for the theme of the quiz. We all strive to learn.
Quiz by QRU
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Last updated: December 6, 2022
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First submittedMarch 13, 2019
Times taken225
Average score22.0%
Rating4.67
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1
Pioneered radioactivity
Marie Skłodowska Curie
2
Regarded as the first computer programmer
Ada Lovelace
3
Virgin Queen who oversaw a British Golden Age
Elizabeth I
4
Founder of modern nursing
Florence Nightingale
5
Made major contributions to mathematics, especially abstract algebra and theoretical physics
Emmy Noether
6
Pioneered investigative journalism
Ida Tarbell
7
Notable chemist, codiscovered the structure of DNA
Rosalind Franklin
8
Influential philosopher of feminism and existentialism
Simone de Beauvoir
9
Empress of Russia, presided over the age of Russian Enlightenment
Catherine the Great
10
Vital in the unification of Spain
Isabella I
11
Philosopher and political theorist, known for the "banality of evil"
Hannah Arendt
12
Prime Minister of India
Indira Gandhi
13
Codiscovered nuclear fission
Lise Meitner
14
Originator of Theosophy, strongly influenced modern esotericism
Helena Blavatsky
15
Notable genetic scientist, discovered transposition
Barbara McClintock
16
Powerful pharaoh
Hatshepsut
17
Sometimes called the inventor of modern science fiction
Mary Shelley
18
Discovered catalysis and photoreduction
Elizabeth Fulhame
19
Inventor of the nuclear shell model
Maria Goeppert Mayer
20
Birth control activist, founder of Planned Parenthood
Margaret Sanger
21
Developed midwifery notably
Louise Bourgeois Boursier
22
Discovered artificial radioactivity
Irène Joliot-Curie
23
Conducted research on the blood-brain barrier that saved thousands of lives
Lina Stern
24
Discovered sex chromosomes
Nettie Stevens
25
Queen of the British Empire and Empress of India
Victoria I
26
Preeminent author of the 18th century
Jane Austen
27
Influencial director, pioneered split screen and sound in movies
Lois Weber
28
German author, mystic, musician and founder of scientific natural history
Hildegard von Bingen
29
Pharaoh and lover of Caesar and Mark Antony
Cleopatra VII
30
Acclaimed musician of the Romantic era
Clara Schumann
31
Empress of the Habsburg Empire
Maria Theresa
32
Dowager and regent of the Qing dynasty
Cixi
33
First to define the greenhouse effect
Eunice Newton Foote
34
Nobel laureate, discovered glycogen metabolism
Gerty Cori
35
Contributed to the foundations of quantum mechanics
Grete Hermann
36
Discovered a way to measure distances to other galaxies
Henrietta Swan Leavitt
37
Iron Lady of the United Kingdom
Margaret Thatcher
38
Pioneered the use of aquaria in science
Jeanne Villepreux-Power
39
Expanded China and presided over a Golden Age
Wu Zetian
40
Foundational contributor to American abolitionism and women's rights
Lucy Stone
41
Developer of protein crystallography
Dorothy Hodgkin
42
Notable programmer, invented breakpoints in debugging
Betty Holberton
43
Pioneer of social work and the settlement movement
Jane Addams
44
Accomplished silesian astronomer and polymath
Maria Cunitz
45
Contributed heavily to analysis and mechanics
Sofia Kovalevskaya
46
Controversial British suffragette
Emmeline Pankhurst
47
German astronomer, discovered several comets
Caroline Herschel
48
Contributed to nuclear physics, called the "Chinese Madame Curie"
Chien-Shiung Wu
49
American civil rights activist, sat in a bus
Rosa Parks
50
Abolitionist and suffragist, wrote the Declaration of Sentiments
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
51
Deaf-blind author and activist
Helen Keller
52
Notable primatologist and anthropologist, famous for her work with chimpanzees
Jane Goodall
53
Transitional figure in anthropology
Ruth Benedict
54
Marine biologist and conservationist, her "Silent Spring" influenced the environmental movement
Rachel Carson
55
Italian neurobiologist and senator
Rita Levi-Montalcini
56
Founder of academical social work
Sophonisba Breckingridge
57
Queen of the Palmyrene Empire, conquered much of the Roman East
Zenobia
58
Conceptualized kinetic energy
Émilie du Châtelet
59
Mathematician, pioneered Elasticity and Number theory
Sophie Germain
60
Queen of England and first female ambassador in European history
Catharine of Aragon
61
Theologian and esotericist, founder of Christian Science
Mary Baker Eddy
62
Jewish author and nobel laureate
Nelly Sachs
63
Chinese empress and regent, adopted paper and patronized arts and science
Deng Sui
64
Nigerian women's rights activist and "Mother of Africa"
Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti
65
Scheming roman regent, sister, aunt or grandmother of five Roman emperors
Julia Maesa
66
Activist for women's rights, Indian and Irish self rule and theosophy
Annie Besant
67
One of the greats of classic Japanese literature
Murasaki Shikibu
68
Abolitionist and women's rights activist, furthered the Underground Railroad
Harriet Tubman
69
Accomplished baroque painter
Artemisia Gentileschi
70
Indian poet, first female poet to have a diwan
Mah Laqa Bai
71
Praised African-American poet and slave
Phills Wheatley
72
Botanist and photography pioneer
Anna Atkins
73
Mathematician and logician, notable for her contribution to color vision
Christine Ladd-Franklin
74
President of the Philippines
Corazon Aquino
75
Famous painter of the 19th century
Rosa Bonheur
76
Mexican nun, poet and composer, known as the "Mexican Phoenix"
Juana Inés de la Cruz
77
Journalist and lesbian activist
Anna Rüling
78
Cofounder of the Iroquois Confederacy
Jigonhsasee
79
Pathologist, notable researcher of cancerous cells
Elizabeth Stern
80
Foundational figure of home economics
Ellen Swallow Richards
81
Psychiatrist, known for her theory on the stages of grief
Elisabeth Kübler-Ross
82
Soldier and cultural hero of France
Jeanne d'Arc
83
American author and abolitionist
Harriet Beecher Stowe
84
Icon of American Pop culture
Marilyn Monroe
85
Prime Minister of Israel
Golda Meir
86
Innovative English modernist writer, pioneered the stream of consciousness
Virginia Woolf
87
Polish-German marxist and revolutionist
Rosa Luxemburg
88
Leading figure of entomology and scientific illustrator
Maria Sibylla Merian
89
Argentine First Lady and cultural icon
Eva Perón
90
Prime Minister of Pakistan
Benazir Bhutto
91
Risqué painter of flowers
Georgia O'Keeffe
92
Accomplished author of 17th century Britain
Aphra Behn
93
Forerunner of feminism and anarchism
Mary Wollstonecraft
94
Mexican painter
Frida Kahlo
95
Pioneer of women's liberation in South Asia
Begum Rokeya
96
Figure of the Cultural Revolution and part of the Gang of Four
Jiang Qing
97
Queen of England, important figure in the Wars of the Roses
Margaret of Anjou
98
Chinese rebel leader, inspired the Red Eyebrow rebellion
Mother Lü
99
Controversial author, feminist and pacifist of post-classical japan
Yosano Akiko
100
Powerfull duchess of the Middle Ages, leader of the Second Crusade
Eleanor of Aquitaine
+2
Level 60
Jul 17, 2019
great quiz thanks!!!
+3
Level 43
Nov 10, 2019
I only got 14, but the only other names I have even heard of were Florence Nightingale and Emmy Noether. Still a very good quiz! Time to do some research on historical women!
+3
Level 69
Nov 11, 2019
A fantastic quiz! Would love to see more about amazing women. One quibble, your questions could use a bit of editing as they include many spelling mistakes. Learned a lot from this one.
+2
Level 74
Jun 24, 2020
What a monumental job you've done! I have made two similar quizzes, Influential Women in History and

Influential Women in History II. The first one even got featured. I made it after a I saw Quizmaster belittle the achievements of women in the comment section of some quiz.

+5
Level ∞
Jun 24, 2020
I did nothing of the sort. Consider that I'm a real person too who doesn't deserve to be insulted.
+3
Level 74
Jun 25, 2020
I wish I could remember what that quiz was, but it was one of those "important people" quizzes that had zero presence of women. People other than me started to question this absence of women. Your response was that there are barely any influential women as throughout history women have only been "housewives and child bearers". It caused quite a ruckus as other people started naming many notable women in history. That sparked me to make my first quiz which actually got featured, thank you for that. There are so many quizzes where women are diminished, like the one with Nicole Kidman known as the ex-wife of Tom Cruise or another one with Elizabeth Taylor known for her six marriages. One featured A to Z quiz of "important people" has only one female answer, one out of 26. The list goes on. However making a search with the word "women", there are tons of great quizzes but none featured. Too many "women only" quizzes would be wrong of as well, but maybe try and balance it out a little bit.
+2
Level 74
Jun 25, 2020
I may be the most volatile one about the subject, but if you go through the comment sections of these "important people" quizzes, you'll see tons of complaints about them being male dominated. Totally different from a quiz being too "US-centric".
+1
Level 68
Aug 18, 2020
I read "feminist and anarchist" and couldn't get my mind off of Emma Goldman! I wasn't even in the right century, though I knew Wollstonecraft from Godwin and the Shelleys. Great quiz!
+2
Level 58
Jul 29, 2021
I think Mother Teresa should be added. Other than that, great quiz! :)
+3
Level 74
Nov 21, 2021
Quiz has some serious issues with type-ins:

Wu should be the acceptable answer for Wu Zetian. I tried Wu and Empress Wu and neither was accepted, and I ultimately missed this one because of that

Murasaki is the surname for Lady Murasaki Shikibu; you have it backwards.

Sor Juana should be acceptable by itself for "Juana Ines de la Cruz" because this is what she is commonly known as.

I did not know of Christine Ladd-Franklin, but it looks like she never used "Franklin" as her surname so that should not be accepted.

I realize this is a tough decision, but it is inconsistent to accept just "Joan" and "Catherine" for Joan of Arc and Catherine the Great, but not "Catherine" for Catherine of Aragon, "Margaret" for Margaret of Anjou, or just "Eleanor."

Factual errors:

You say Jane Austen is a "preeminent author of the 18th century," but all of her works were published in the 19th century.

Phillis Wheatley spelling

+2
Level 74
Nov 21, 2021
I got 51 and I'm pretty satisfied with that (looks like this is the second highest score of all test takers, with the highest being 71), although I did miss a few I definitely could have gotten - Mary Shelley and Mary Wallstonecraft, Wu Zetian (which I did actually know but didn't get credit for), Corazon Aquino were definitely gettable. I could have gotten Catherine of Aragon (whose name is misspelled, by the way) if I would have tried guessing more queens. If there were more specific clues maybe I would have thought of Aphra Behn. I did read about Rosa Luxembourg and Zenobia recently but could not remember either of their names. I've heard of Noether's theorem and the Cori Cycle and did not know their namesakes were women, very interesting! And I haven't heard of Rosa Bonheur, I had to look her up. And there were a good number I've never heard of at all, but I will have to read about some! Thanks for making this even though it has some issues.
+3
Level 74
Nov 21, 2021
In terms of who is missing, Merkel definitely belongs by now and she should be pretty high up there. Considering the length of her time in office, I wonder if Sheikh Hasina should go on here as well. I wondered about Nancy Pelosi or Hillary Clinton or another American political leader (Albright, Reno, C. Rice), but it's hard to say who really belongs. Having Ida Tarbell be so high was kind of surprising and confusing, considering Nellie Bly is also important in investigative journalism but isn't included (maybe she isn't as important, but I learned about Tarbell, Ida B. Wells, Nellie Bly, and Dorothea Dix together, so I tend to associate them). I do think Tarbell belongs but maybe some of those others do also. I also wondered if more authors could be included, maybe Ayn Rand (haven't read her but I think she's pretty influential) or even J.K. Rowling (for her influence on pop culture). There are plenty of other female authors, but it's hard to say who changed the world.
+1
Level 74
Nov 21, 2021
(continued)

It's awesome learning about so many important female scientists, but I do think that some women's influence on pop culture is arguably more important in world history. Like Clara Schumann is super cool, but it's hard to argue that she is more important in world history than someone like Madonna or even Taylor Swift who has had a profound impact on popular culture. I could probably go on and on about possibilities but it's really impossible to make an objective decision here so I'll stop here and say that I hope those mistakes I pointed out above can be fixed and thank you for making an interesting and educational quiz.

+3
Level 74
Nov 28, 2021
Hey, thank you for the long comments! Happy to see someone taking a bit of a deep dive.

I plan to do an overhaul of this list (and the overall list) in the near future and I will make sure to correct the mistakes and consider your thoughts for it.

For some of the names I can say, that I didn't want to add people, whose work I did not consider "concluded". Especially with musicians, influence can come and wane quickly. But someone like Merkel, who is no probably on the end of her political career, are definetly going to be added.

+1
Level 66
Nov 28, 2022
Why doesn't Wu work for Wu Zetian?