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100 years of US National Parks History

In 2016, the US National Park Service celebrated its one-hundredth anniversary. Even though I'm four years late, I'm using my 100th Jetpunk quiz as a tribute to the centennial of America's best idea. Can you answer these questions, one for each of the first hundred years of the NPS (Plus 2016, because counting to 100 is hard)?
Quiz by MiracleMax
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Last updated: December 13, 2020
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First submittedDecember 11, 2020
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Average score61.4%
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Year
Hint
Answer
1916
This president signs a bill which creates the National Park Service
Woodrow Wilson
1917
This man is appointed to be the first director of the NPS
Stephen Mather
1918
Members of this religious group successfully lobby to rename Mukuntuweap National Monument to Zion National Monument
Mormon
1919
This president, hunter, and conservationist dies
Theodore Roosevelt
1920
For the first time, annual visitation of national parks exceeds this round number
1 Million
1921
Denali National Park established kennels for this unique sport
Dogsledding
1922
This man, an escaped slave who was the third african american graduate of West Point and the first black superintendent of a National Park, dies on a mission in Nigeria
Charles Young
1923
This Utah National Monument, which would later become a National Park, is named in honor of a Mormon pioneer with the first name Ebenezer
Bryce Canyon
1924
This iconic copper statue is proclaimed a National Monument
Statue of Liberty
1925
This fort, from which Francis Scott Key wrote the national anthem, is designated a National Monument
Fort McHenry
1926
Calvin Coolidge refers to this giant sequoia, named after a president and civil war general, as "the Nation's Christmas tree"
General Grant
1927
Blasting begins on this monument in the Black Hills
Mount Rushmore
1928
This hotel, named for a nearby geyser, is finally completed with the construction of its west wing
Old Faithful Inn
1929
Lafayette National Park, the first east of the Mississippi, is renamed to this
Acadia
1930
Sunset Crater Volcano, the largest volcano of this unique type, is protected in Arizona
Cinder Cone
1931
Congress passes a law providing for the creation of the first international conservation area in the US, combining Alberta's Waterton Lakes and this US National Park
Glacier
1932
Work begins on this project, the first major National Parkway and the most-visited unit in the NPS system
Blue Ridge Parkway
1933
This alliterative New Deal policy is created, putting young men to work on infrastructure projects in National Parks and other public lands
Civilian Conservation Corps
1934
This National Park, the most-visited in the country, is established
Great Smoky Mountains
1935
This dam is completed, creating the reservoir that would become Lake Mead National Recreation Area
Hoover Dam
1936
An international peace memorial is established in northern Ohio to celebrate the victory of this American commodore in one of the most important naval battles in the War of 1812
Commodore Perry
1937
This National Scenic Trail, the first of the 'big three', is completed
Appalachian Trail
1938
This painter, famous for paintings of New Mexico landscapes and desert flowers, visits Yosemite National Park
Georgia O'Keefe
1939
Marian Anderson sings a concert from this DC National Memorial, because she was barred from Constitution Hall for being black. Nearly 25 years later, Martin Luther King, Jr. would deliver his "I have a dream" speech from the same spot.
Lincoln Memorial
1940
Kings Canyon National Park, in California, is established along the northern border of this other National Park, forming the first pair of bordering parks
Sequoia
1941
This legendary National Park photographer and Sierra Club member is contracted by the NPS for the first time
Ansel Adams
1942
This "mountain warfare" division of the army, which would be instrumental in driving Nazis from the Italian alps, trains during the winter on snowy Mount Rainier
10th Mountain Division
1943
This all-black squadron of military pilots, who would later be honored with a National Historic site in Georgia, deploys to North Africa
Tuskeegee Airmen
1944
US forces land on Agat Beach on this island as part of the campaign to recapture it. Agat Beach would become the center of the War in the Pacific National Historic Park
Guam
1945
This weapon is tested for the first time in what would become White Sands National Park
Nuclear Bomb
1946
Following the end of this war, yearly visitation of national parks quadruples
WWII
1947
Marjory Stoneman Douglass famously describes the Everglades as a "River of Grass" in a book which started the effort to preserve the area
1948
A National Monmuent is dedicated to preserve this sea fort in Charleston, the site of the first battle of the Civil War
Fort Sumter
1949
San Juan National Historic Site becomes the first NPS property in this US territory
Puerto Rico
1950
Congress passes a law which established this national park, but also provided that there would be no further expansion of National Parks or Monuments in Wyoming without congressional approval
Grand Teton
1951
The modern NPS logo, shaped like this object, is authorized as the official NPS emblem
Arrowhead
1952
This river, which would later be designated as Ohio's only National Park, catches fire due to extreme levels of pollution
Cuyahoga
1953
Bernard DeVoto publishes a widely-read article suggesting that this drastic action be taken by the NPS in order to highlight the level of underfunding and disrepair in the parks as Congress continued to pilfer funds for other purposes
Close the National Parks
1954
This famous island, the "gateway to America", shuts its doors after processing more than 12 million immigrants. It would later become part of a National Monument
Ellis Island
1955
This woman refuses to surrender her seat on a bus, kicking off the Montgomery Bus Boycott. This is one of many events celebrated by the Birmingham Civil Rights National Monument
Rosa Parks
1956
128 people die in this type of tragedy over Grand Canyon National Park, making this event the single most common cause of death in the park
Plane Crash
1957
This famous author of "The Monkey Wrench Gang" leaves his job as a park ranger in Arches National Park
Edward Abbey
1958
Warren Harding and his team make the first ascent of "the nose", a climbing route on this Yosemite monolith
El Capitan
1959
This natural disaster strikes in Yellowstone National Park, killing 28
Earthquake
1960
The Hubbel Trading Post National Historic Site is established to celebrate trade between white settlers and this southwest tribe, on whose reservation the site sits
Navajo
1961
Yogi Bear, a resident of this fictional National Park, appears for the first time in his own show
Jellystone
1962
Point Reyes National Seashore becomes the first one along this major body of water
Pacific Ocean
1963
This new reservoir behind the Glen Canyon dam is named for a legendary explorer of the Colorado River
Lake Powell
1964
The home of this preservationist and Sierra Club president is protected as a National Historic Site
John Muir
1965
This object, the tallest thing in Missouri, is completed. It would later be designated, controversially, as a National Park in 2018
Gateway Arch
1966
Dorothy Richardson Buell is successful in her effort to preserve this stretch of Lake Michigan coastline, which would later become Indiana's first National Park
Indiana Dunes
1967
Just three years after this man ceased to be president, a National Historic Site is established in his honor. No other president has been honored with a NPS site more quickly.
John F. Kennedy
1968
Backlash against development, including nuclear plants to power Miami, leads to the creation of this national monument which would later become a park
Biscayne Bay
1969
This pro-LGBT riot, which would be recognized in a National Monument in 2016, occurs in New York
Stonewall
1970
Ths home of this Polish-American revolutionary, who is also the namesake of the highest mountain in Australia, is added to the National Register of Historic Places
Tadeusz Kościuszko
1971
This National Monument in southern California, named for the largest species of yucca plant, is redesignated as a National Park
Joshua Tree
1972
Congress names the highway between Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks after this oil baron and philanthropist
John D. Rockefeller
1973
This landmark piece of legislation is passed, providing for the protection of species near to extinction
Endangered Species Act
1974
This president leaves office, becoming the first since the passage of the Antiquities Act who did not designate a single national monument
Richard Nixon
1975
A National Historical Park in this city celebrates the bicentennial of the Battle of Bunker Hill
Boston
1976
The southern half of Badlands National Park is returned to this native tribe, which now co-manages the park
Oglala Lakota
1977
101 million acres of land in this state is preserved by a single law, including Misty Fjords, Admiralty Island, and Aniakchak National Monuments
Alaska
1978
This trail, the longest north-south National Scenic Trail, is established
Continental Divide Trail
1979
Protesters against the 1977 national monuments light an effigy of this president on fire
Jimmy Carter
1980
This volcano explodes, killing 57
Mount St. Helens
1981
This park, which contains a 73-mile stretch of Pacific coast, an inland mountain range, and the northernmost rainforest in the US, is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site
Olympic National Park
1982
Construction begins on this National Memorial in DC, which consists of two long, straight walls of black granite etched with names
Vietnam Veterans Memorial
1983
Redwood National Park is used as the filming location for the forest moon of Endor in this movie
Star Wars: Return of the Jedi
1984
This US territory is included in the Federal Fish & Wildlife Restoration Act
American Samoa
1985
The Election Day Floods strike Shenandoah River in this state, with more than 18 inches of rain recorded in a single day in Shenandoah National Park
Virginia
1986
This National Park, the only one completely inside Nevada, is established and named after a large endorheic basin that covers much of the Western US
Great Basin
1987
This National Historic Trail is designated, in honor of the 46,000 native americans who were forced out of their homeland and made to walk its bitter path
Trail of Tears
1988
Following the establishment of the National Park of American Samoa, the total number of National Parks reaches this round number
50
1989
Despite the efforts of conservation groups, the superindentendent of Yosemite choses not to ban this form of transport from the park
Cars
1990
This volcano in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, widely considered to be the most active on earth, buries the town of Kalapana and kills over 100 with a lava flow
Kilauea
1991
Montana's Custer Battlefield National Monument is renamed to this as part of a plan to recognize & honor native combatants
Little Bighorn Battlefield
1992
A National Historic Site in Kansas is named after this supreme court case, possibly the most famous in US history
Brown v. Board of Education
1993
This latino rights advocate and co-founder of the National Farm Workers Association dies on his property in California, which would later become a national monument
Cesar Chavez
1994
The first US-Mexico transboundary conservation area is created following the establishment of Canon de Santa Elena national park in this Mexican state, across the border from Big Bend
Chihuahua
1995
Eight of these mammals are reintroduced to Yellowstone
Wolves
1996
This national monument, whose size would later be slashed in half by President Trump, is established
Grand Staircase-Escalante
1997
"Old Grey Guy", a large wolf, crosses 15 miles of ice to this national park
Isle Royale
1998
Two historic parks, one in the US and one in Canada, celebrate the centennial of this event that brought prospectors to the Yukon
Klondike Gold Rush
1999
This tribe launches an ambitious effort to preserve the aquatic ecosystems in the Everglades and Big Cypress National Preserve
Seminole
2000
Hanford Reach National Monument is established around nuclear facilities that were part of this WWII "project"
Manhattan Project
2001
Roxanne Quimby uses her fortune to begin purchasing land around the highest mountain in Maine for the creation of this national monument
Katahdin Woods and Waters
2002
Flight 93 National Memorial is established in Pennsylvania to celebrate the heroism of airline passengers during this major tragedy
9/11
2003
Aron Ralston narrowly escapes a slot canyon in Canyonlands National Park, after foolishly endangering himself by hiking alone without telling anyone his itinerary. His 5-day ordeal would later be made into this hit movie
127 hours
2004
This Nicholas Cage movie features a number of NPS sites, including Independence National Historical Park in Pennsylvania
National Treasure
2005
An unusually wet winter creates a lake for the first time in decades in this National Park in California and Nevada
Death Valley
2006
This band releases Dani California, a song about a girl who dies in Badlands National Park
Red Hot Chili Peppers
2007
Two men are convicted for digging up two of these iconic plants from an Arizona national park
Saguaro Cactus
2008
Utah loses a geologic treasure when this sort of feature came crashing down
Sandstone Arch
2009
This famous historical documentarian, perhaps best known for his 9-part miniseries on the Civil War, releases a new series: National Parks, America's Best Idea
Ken Burns
2010
The "America the Beautiful" mint series is kicked off when Hot Springs National Park was printed on this kind of currency
Quarter
2011
Hurricane Irene causes significant damage in this famous Massachusetts seashore
Cape Cod
2012
For the first and only time in the history of Denali National Park, a tourist is killed by one of these animals
Grizzly Bear
2013
This state, the last one without an NPS site, is finally given one: the First State National Historical Park
Delaware
2014
Two boy scout leaders videotape themselves destroying a hoodoo in a park in this state
Utah
2015
Barack Obama forces the USGS to stop referring to Denali by this outdated name, thirty-five years after the park changed its name
Mount McKinley
2016
This species, prominently featured on the NPS logo, is named the US National Mammal
Bison
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