The Temple Mount itself is holier to Jews than the Western/Wailing Wall... in fact it's so holy that you're not supposed to step foot on it. This is where the Holy of Holies used to be- god's literal address. That's why the Western Wall is as close as you can get to it, for most observant Jews.
The Al Aqsa Mosque is also built on the Temple Mount; though maybe not considered a "shrine."
Zion is more synonymous with the city of Jerusalem than with Israel, though sometimes it was used as a name for the "Land of Israel" as a whole - different from the state of Israel.
The place where Jesus was allegedly crucified is now the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.
The Temple Mount didn't exist when Abraham allegedly went on top a hill to murder his son based on the advice of the voices in his head. According to Genesis, this happened on Mt Moriah. According to Jewish, Christian, and Islamic tradition, the specific hill where this happened is the site where...
... Solomon later constructed the First Temple. The Babylonians destroyed that temple and took the Jews there into captivity. After those Jews were freed by Cyrus the Great of Persia, they returned to Jerusalem led by Zerubbabel who built the 2nd Temple supposedly on the same spot. However, everyone was bummed out because the 1st Temple was so much cooler. Hundreds of years later, Herod, half-Jew half-Arab Roman stooge, trying to appeal to his Jewish subjects and also aggrandize himself and the province he governed, undertook a massive expansion and renovation of the 2nd Temple. His plans were so ambitious that the mountain upon which the 1st and 2nd temples were built wasn't big enough... thus he had an artificial platform constructed to give him more space. This platform is what is now called "The Temple Mount"
So... anyway... 1. Abraham didn't try to kill his son on the Temple Mount, but Mt Moriah, and 2. Herod didn't build the 2nd Temple, he expanded it.
After the 2nd Temple was destroyed by the Romans, it was never rebuilt. Christians turned the place into a dung pile and garbage heap, as an insult to the Jews. Later, Arab Muslims conquered Jerusalem, had the site cleared of dung and debris, and constructed the Al Aqsa Mosque at the southern end of the platform, and the Dome of the Rock over top of "the rock" - by tradition the remains of the peak of Mount Moriah - which you can still see if you enter of the Dome and descend below - it's under the Temple Mount not on it.
The Temple Mount itself is holier to Jews than the Western/Wailing Wall... in fact it's so holy that you're not supposed to step foot on it. This is where the Holy of Holies used to be- god's literal address. That's why the Western Wall is as close as you can get to it, for most observant Jews.
The Al Aqsa Mosque is also built on the Temple Mount; though maybe not considered a "shrine."
Zion is more synonymous with the city of Jerusalem than with Israel, though sometimes it was used as a name for the "Land of Israel" as a whole - different from the state of Israel.
The place where Jesus was allegedly crucified is now the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.
The Temple Mount didn't exist when Abraham allegedly went on top a hill to murder his son based on the advice of the voices in his head. According to Genesis, this happened on Mt Moriah. According to Jewish, Christian, and Islamic tradition, the specific hill where this happened is the site where...
So... anyway... 1. Abraham didn't try to kill his son on the Temple Mount, but Mt Moriah, and 2. Herod didn't build the 2nd Temple, he expanded it.