Theory Description | Key Figure(s) | Theory | % Correct |
---|---|---|---|
First 6 years determine personality development, psychosexual stages, unconscious motivation | Sigmund Freud | Psychoanalytic | 85%
|
Mistaken beliefs due to perception of the past, Inferiority/Superiority, clients are not sick but 'discouraged', finding meaning to create purposeful life | Alfred _____ | Adlerian | 42%
|
Empirical, learning determines how we act, conditioning, social learning, change does not require insight into past | B.F. Skinner, Arnold Lazaruz, Albert Bandura | Behaviorism | 29%
|
Empirical, evidence based; stresses role of thinking and beliefs on how we feel and act, thoughts have causal role in depression, problem focused & action oriented, REBT | Albert Ellis and A.T. Beck | Cognitive Behavioral | 15%
|
Philosophically based, nature of human condition, choice and responsibility of freedom, self-awareness, ultimate concerns, Logotherapy | Viktor Frankl | Existential | 15%
|
Experiential, wholeness and awareness, body-mind integration, person understood in context of relationship with their environment (field theory), I/Thou | Fritz and Laura Perls | Gestalt | 8%
|
Humanistic, client has capacity for self-healing and growth given positive conditions, actualizing tendency, importance of therapist-client relationship | Carl Rogers | Person-Centered | 8%
|
Egalitarian, Systemic, traditional therapies tend to be andro- and ethno-centric, sociopolitical constraints on women, empowerment, therapist self-disclosure | Many; Jean Baker Miller, Carolyn Zerbe Enns, Oliva Espin, Laura Brown, etc. | Feminist Theory | 7%
|
Combines techniques and commonalities from a variety of theories | Many | Integrative | 7%
|
Systemic, interactions, people are part of living systems, changing the individual requires understanding and working with their family | Many; Adler, Murray Bowen, Virginia Satir, Carl Whitaker, Salvador Minuchin, Jay Haley, Cloe Madanes | Family Systems | 5%
|
No single truth, anything is possible, social constructionism, solution-focused, short-term, client is expert in their own life | Many; Steve de Shazer, Insoo Kim Berg, Michael White, David Epston, etc. | Postmodern | 2%
|
Short-term, love and belonging is our primary need, choice theory, realism, responsibility for the present, and right-and-wrong | William Glasser and Robert Wubbolding | Reality Therapy / Choice Theory | 2%
|
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