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HUMAN PERFORMANCE 040
P55
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Last updated: October 3, 2022
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| First submitted | October 3, 2022 |
| Times taken | 234 |
| Average score | 42.8% | Report this quiz | Report |
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1.
Which of the following goes through the capillaries thin walls?
Water.
✓
Red blood cells.
✓
Proteins.
✓
Gases.
✓
2.
The ability of a pilot to withstand even moderate forces can be affected by:
Presbycusis.
✓
All of the above.
✓
The maximum load limits of the aircraft.
✓
Fatigue in the pilot.
✓
3.
It is generally accepted that the short-term memory can hold how many items
and how long?
7 items for 10-20 seconds.
✓
4 items for 15 seconds.
✓
15 items for 1-5 minutes.
✓
7 items for 5-10 minutes.
✓
4.
The condition whereby the body does not get enough oxygen to function
correctly is known as:
Hyperventilation.
✓
Hypoxia.
✓
Hypotension.
✓
Hyperglycemia.
✓
5.
You have planned to take a couple of friends on an air experience flight. On the
day, the weather conditions are marginal and there is a strong cross-wind on the
runway. As a competent assessor of risk, which of the following decisions
should you take?
Proceed with the flight and treat it as an opportunity to practice flying in adverse conditions.
✓
Ask your friends if they are prepared to fly in the prevailing conditions, before assessing the situation yourself.
✓
Get airborne as planned, as it is always wise to stick to your flight plan if you possibly can.
✓
Reschedule the flight for another time, discounting the immediate disappointment to your friends.
✓
6.
Pilots are more subject to spatial disorientation if:
They ignore the sensations of muscles and inner ear.
✓
Body signals are used to interpret flight attitude.
✓
They ignore all the body signals.
✓
Eyes are moved often in the process of cross-checking the flight instruments.
✓
7.
Which part of the nervous system usually controls breathing?
The Peripheral Nervous System.
✓
The Autonomic Nervous System.
✓
All answers are correct.
✓
The Central Nervous System.
✓
8.
Which of the following should a pilot primarily rely on if he becomes
disorientated in instrument meteorological conditions?
His sense of balance.
✓
Turning the head to recover from disorientation.
✓
The aircraft's instruments.
✓
His sense of sight.
✓
9.
Consistent adherence to approved checklists is a sign of:
Pilot who lacks the required knowledge.
✓
Disciplined and competent pilot.
✓
Low-time pilot.
✓
Pilot with the lack of stress management.
✓
10.
As captain of an aircraft you will need to show good leadership skills. Which of
the following is not one such skill?
Maintaining good situational awareness.
✓
Forward planning.
✓
Aggressive assertiveness.
✓
The art of delegation.
✓
11.
Complete the following statement. The most appropriate time for a pilot to give
passengers an initial briefing on emergency procedures is:
During a pre-flight safety briefing.
✓
While waiting at the hold for take-off.
✓
Just after take-off.
✓
At the moment any emergency occurs; it is not necessary to worry them before that.
✓
12.
The vestibular apparatus detects ____ acceleration:
Linear.
✓
Angular.
✓
Angular and linear.
✓
Positive "g".
✓
13.
Complete the following statement. If, as an inexperienced pilot, you are flying
with someone of much greater experience, and you see him doing something
you consider to be dangerous, you should:
Do nothing for the moment, but check the wisdom and correctness of his action by discussing it with an instructor after you have landed.
✓
Wait until the action or manoeuvre is completed, and then questions him.
✓
Ignore the situation because he obviously knows what he is doing.
✓
Immediately question his course of action.
✓
14.
After donating blood, what is the minimum time a pilot should wait before flying?
24 hours.
✓
2 hours.
✓
12 hours.
✓
48 hours.
✓
15.
Which will always affect your ability to fly?
Strong prescription analgesics and antihistamines.
✓
Antibiotics.
✓
Over-the-counter analgesics and antihistamines.
✓
Homeopathic drugs.
✓
16.
If an aircraft accelerates, what do the otoliths indicate to the brain?
That the aircraft is turning.
✓
That the aircraft is pitching down.
✓
That the aircraft is climbing and turning.
✓
That the aircraft is pitching up.
✓
17.
When can a pilot experience the "leans"?
In the descent.
✓
In all flight conditions.
✓
In the climb or the descent.
✓
In the climb.
✓
18.
What is one effect smoking has on a pilot?
Decreases night vision by 50 percent.
✓
Creates additional carbon dioxide gases in the body which often leads to hyperventilation.
✓
An increased sense of well-being.
✓
Increases body heat which, in turn, creates a demand for more oxygen.
✓
19.
You are suffering from a cold with slightly blocked nose and sinuses and you
have an aircraft booked to fly. Should you:
Fly, but be sure to select only low rates of climb and descent?
✓
Not fly?
✓
Fly as normal?
✓
Take a decongestant 1/2 an hour before flight?
✓
20.
Repeating information several times transfer it to long-term memory is called:
Memory induction.
✓
Chunking.
✓
Prompting.
✓
Rehearsing.
✓
21.
Prior to starting each maneuver, pilots should:
Check altitude, airspeed, and heading indications.
✓
Announce their intentions on the nearest CTAF.
✓
Always ask clearance from the tower.
✓
Visually scan the entire area for collision avoidance.
✓
22.
A likely symptom, or likely symptoms, of Hypoxia might be:
Cyanosis.
✓
All answers are correct.
✓
Formication.
✓
Increased heart rate.
✓
23.
A false perception characterised by a distortion of real sensory stimuli is known
as:
Boredom response.
✓
Day-dreaming.
✓
Mirage.
✓
Hallucination.
✓
24.
In the aeronautical decision making (ADM) process, what is the first step in
neutralizing a hazardous attitude?
Recognizing hazardous thoughts.
✓
Minimize the damages.
✓
Recognizing the invulnerability of the situation.
✓
Making a rational judgment.
✓
25.
A pilot should not fly for at least how long after a local anesthetic?
2 hours.
✓
24 hours.
✓
48 hours.
✓
12 hours.
✓
26.
An analogue display is generally better than a digital display for showing which
sort of data?
Subjective.
✓
Numerical.
✓
Qualitative.
✓
Quantitative.
✓
27.
Empty Field Myopia is a condition where the eyes naturally focus at a distance of
approximately:
At the horizon.
✓
1 - 2 meters.
✓
20 - 500 meters.
✓
Infinity.
✓
28.
If a pilot is used to flying in relatively polluted hazy air and then flies in a very
clear sky:
Near objects may appear further away than they are.
✓
Near objects may be mistaken for those further away.
✓
Distant objects may appear closer than they are.
✓
Distant objects may appear further away than they are.
✓
29.
Two pilots, both seated at the controls and qualified on type, have just
commenced a flight when they experience an engine failure. Who should take
control of the aircraft?
The captain.
✓
The pilot who, during the pre-flight briefing on emergencies, the captain agreed should take over control in such a situation.
✓
The pilot in the left-hand seat.
✓
The more experienced of the two.
✓
30.
Who has the final responsibility whether a pilot is fit to fly for a particular flight,
even though he or she holds a current medical certificate?
The medical examiner.
✓
The pilot.
✓
The ATC.
✓
The FA-1.
✓
31.
The most effective technique to use for detecting other aircraft at night is:
Avoid scanning the region below the horizon so as to avoid the effect on ground light on the eyes.
✓
Turn the head and sweep the eyes rapidly over the entire visible region.
✓
To avoid staring directly at the point where another aircraft is suspected to be flying.
✓
Look at far away and scan slowly.
✓
32.
The amount of light entering the eye is controlled by the:
Lens.
✓
Retina.
✓
Pupil.
✓
Cornea.
✓
33.
Color-blindness or, more accurately, color-defective vision, is caused by:
A defect in the structure of the color-sensitive cones in the retina.
✓
Defective functioning of the ciliary muscles.
✓
A defect in the lens tissue of the eye.
✓
A foreshortened eyeball.
✓
34.
The power of accommodation in an eye:
Is not affected by the degree of elasticity of the lens.
✓
Has nothing to do with the lens.
✓
Is increased as the elasticity of the lens decreases.
✓
Is decreased as the elasticity of the lens decreases.
✓
35.
What is the most effective way to use the eyes during night flight?
Scan slowly to permit off-center viewing.
✓
Look only at far away, dim lights.
✓
Concentrate directly on each object for a few seconds.
✓
Increase intensity of interior lighting.
✓
36.
Where is the blind spot?
Where the optic nerve enters the Retina.
✓
On the Iris.
✓
On the Fovea.
✓
On the edge of the Lens.
✓
37.
High blood pressure, heart diseases and diabetes are related to:
Anorexia nervosa.
✓
Obesity.
✓
Cholera.
✓
Lack of oxygen.
✓
38.
Susceptibility to carbon monoxide poisoning increases as:
Altitude decreases.
✓
Air pressure increases.
✓
Airspeed increases.
✓
Altitude increases.
✓
39.
Approximately how long does it take a person to dissipate one unit of alcohol
from the blood?
2 hours.
✓
12 hours.
✓
1/2 hour.
✓
5 hours.
✓
40.
If a pilot is approaching a runway much larger than that at his home airfield, what
is his visual perception of the runway likely to be?
The runway will appear further away than it actually is.
✓
Distances will be easy to judge.
✓
The runway will appear closer than it actually is.
✓
A different approach path should be adopted.
✓
41.
At altitude the pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere is:
The same as at mean sea level (MSL).
✓
Higher than at MSL.
✓
Lower than at MSL.
✓
Unaffected, as partial pressure is independent of altitude.
✓
42.
In order to see a sharp image of an oncoming aircraft which has been detected
by the eye, a pilot should:
Commence a systematic scan of the airspace in front of him.
✓
Look to one side of the oncoming aircraft.
✓
Blink several times to make the image clearer.
✓
Look directly at the oncoming aircraft.
✓
43.
To avoid missing important steps, always use the:
Pilot's manual book.
✓
Appropriate checklists.
✓
Placarded airspeeds.
✓
Airworthiness certificate.
✓
44.
What effect does haze have on the ability to see traffic or terrain features during
flight?
Haze causes the eyes to focus at infinity.
✓
All traffic or terrain features appear to be farther away than their actual distance.
✓
All traffic or terrain features appear to be closer than their actual distance.
✓
The eyes tend to overwork in haze and do not detect relative movement easily.
✓
45.
Hypermetropia is caused by a ____ eyeball and treated by a ____ whereas
Myopia is caused by a ____ eyeball and treated with_____.
Lengthened / convex / shortened / concave.
✓
Shortened / convex / lengthened / concave.
✓
Lengthened / concave / shortened / convex.
✓
Shortened / concave / lengthened / convex.
✓
46.
Carbon monoxide is:
Tasteless and grey gas
✓
Stinging smelling, colorless gas
✓
Odorless, tasteless and colorless gas
✓
Crucial for humans
✓
47.
Which gas, which is absorbed by the body during normal breathing, plays an
important role in decompression sickness?
Carbon Monoxide.
✓
Oxygen.
✓
Nitrogen.
✓
Carbon Dioxide.
✓
48.
Which statement concerning hypoxia is true?
Hypoxia is caused by nitrogen bubbles in the joints and bloodstream.
✓
Hypoxia is always easy to recognize.
✓
Tingling of the skin and a false sense of security may be symptoms of hypoxia.
✓
Forcing oneself to concentrate on the flight instruments will help to overcome the effects of hypoxia.
✓
49.
A state of temporary confusion resulting from misleading information being sent
to the brain by various sensory organs is defined as:
Hyperventilation
✓
Hypoxia
✓
Monochromatism
✓
Spatial disorientation.
✓
50.
What is the component of the eye responsible for peripheral vision and sensitive
to low light levels?
The Fovea.
✓
The Cones.
✓
The Rods.
✓
The Retina.
✓
51.
Which of the following cases can be described as "a sudden incapasitaon"?
Appendicitis
✓
Rapidly developing abnormal aircraft attitude
✓
Pilot is not able to take actions during a flight
✓
Engine failure in critical flight phase
✓
52.
What causes blue lips?
Positive G-forces.
✓
Lack of oxygen.
✓
Carbon monoxide intoxication.
✓
Hyperventilation.
✓
53.
In the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA), as altitude increases in the
troposphere, air density:
Decreases.
✓
Also increases.
✓
Stays the same.
✓
Will not be affected as air density is independent of altitude.
✓
54.
Rapid or extra deep breathing while using oxygen can cause a condition known
as:
Aerosinusitis.
✓
Hypoxia.
✓
Hyperventilation.
✓
Aerotitis.
✓
55.
What is the antidote when a pilot has a hazardous attitude, such as
"impulsivity"?
It could happen to me.
✓
Not so fast, think first.
✓
Do it quickly to get it over with.
✓
I don't care.
✓
56.
What is the purpose of the Eustachian tube?
To allow ambient pressure to equalise on the middle ear side of the ear drum.
✓
To allow ambient pressure to equalise on both sides of the vestibular apparatus.
✓
To pass sound waves across the middle ear to the auditory nerve.
✓
To allow ambient pressure to equalise on both sides of the ear drum.
✓
57.
Which of the following gases regulate the rate and depth of breathing, depending
on the levels at which the gas is present in the blood?
Carbon Dioxide.
✓
Oxygen.
✓
Carbon Monoxide.
✓
Nitrogen.
✓
58.
Which of the following should a pilot primarily rely on if he becomes
disorientated in Visual Meteorological Conditions?
His sense of sight.
✓
His sense of balance.
✓
The aircraft's instruments.
✓
Turning the head to recover from disorientation.
✓
59.
Dark adaptation is impaired by exposure to:
Vitamin A in the diet.
✓
Nitrogen.
✓
Cabin pressure altitudes above 5,000 feet.
✓
Carbon dioxide.
✓
60.
How much air pressure has dropped when climbing to 18 000 feet?
10%
✓
50%
✓
80%
✓
25%
✓
61.
What is noise induced hearing loss?
Loss of hearing due to damage to the middle ear.
✓
Loss of hearing due to damage to the ossicles.
✓
Loss of hearing due to damage to the vestibular apparatus.
✓
Loss of hearing due to damage to the cochlea.
✓
62.
Hypermetropia and Myopia are normally caused by:
Badly fitting spectacles.
✓
Eye strain.
✓
A misshaped eye ball.
✓
Stress.
✓
63.
Which procedure is recommended to prevent or overcome spatial
disorientation?
Reduce head and eye movements to the greatest extend possible
✓
Rely entirely on the indications of the flight instruments.
✓
Avoid steep turns and rough control movements.
✓
Systematically focus on different segments of the sky for short intervals.
✓
64.
For the pilot of an aircraft on a head-on collision course with a fast-moving jet,
the image of the approaching jet will appear to grow in size in the following
manner:
Rapidly initially, and then remain at a constant size until impact.
✓
Very rapidly at first but then continue to grow at a constant rate.
✓
Only slowly at first until just before impact when the image would grow in size very rapidly.
✓
At a constant rate.
✓
65.
As a pilot, flying for long periods in hot summer temperatures increases the
susceptibility of dehydration since the:
Temperature decreases with altitude.
✓
Dry air at altitude tends to increase the rate of water loss from the body.
✓
Moist air at altitude helps retain the body's moisture.
✓
Temperature increases with altitude
✓
66.
If taking a course of drugs, is it advisable to pilot an aircraft?
No, unless cleared by an Aviation Medicine Specialist.
✓
No, you should never fly while taking any drugs.
✓
Yes, provided that they are antibiotics, as these do not have side-effects.
✓
Yes, provided that the drug is non-prescription.
✓
67.
The body gets energy from:
Proteins and vitamins.
✓
Minerals and vitamins.
✓
Minerals, carbohydrates and vitamins.
✓
Carbohydrates, proteins and fats.
✓
68.
The outer, middle and inner ear are filled with:
Liquid, liquid, and air, respectively.
✓
Air, air, and liquid, respectively.
✓
Air, liquid, and liquid, respectively.
✓
Liquid, air, and air, respectively.
✓
69.
The effects of Hypoxia can be increased by:
Alcohol.
✓
Increased temperature.
✓
Increased altitude.
✓
All answers are correct.
✓
70.
Blood pressure may be too high due to:
Smoking.
✓
Stress.
✓
All answers are correct.
✓
Age.
✓
71.
Large accumulations of carbon monoxide in the human body result in:
Tightness across the forehead.
✓
An increased sense of well-being.
✓
Hyperventilation.
✓
Loss of muscular power.
✓
72.
If the atmospheric pressure decreases, the partial pressure of the oxygen in the
atmosphere will:
Decrease.
✓
Not be affected as it is independent of atmospheric pressure.
✓
Stay the same.
✓
Increase.
✓
73.
Air in the atmosphere is made up of:
Nitrogen (78%), Oxygen (21%), Carbon Dioxide (0.03%) and Hydrogen (1%).
✓
Nitrogen (21%), Oxygen (0.03%), Carbon Dioxide (78%) and Argon (1%).
✓
Nitrogen (1%), Oxygen (78%), Carbon Dioxide (21%) and Argon (0.03%).
✓
Nitrogen (78 %), Oxygen (21%), Carbon Dioxide (0.03%) and Argon (1%).
✓
74.
Which of the following may cause fainting?
Over meticulous flight planning.
✓
All of the above.
✓
A sudden shock.
✓
A too rapid eye scan.
✓
75.
On what does the causes of noise induced hearing loss depend?
The duration of the noise above 110 dbs.
✓
Both the intensity and duration of the noise above 100 dbs.
✓
Both the intensity and duration of the noise above 90 dbs.
✓
The duration of the noise above 100 dbs.
✓
76.
In an unpressurised aircraft, at high altitudes the amount of oxygen that diffuses
across the lung membranes into the blood is:
Increased because of the high partial pressure of oxygen.
✓
Decreased because of the lower temperatures.
✓
Decreased because of the low partial pressure of oxygen.
✓
Unchanged to that at sea level.
✓
77.
While flying, the changes in outside air pressure can cause air trapped in the
body cavities to expand and contract. This is known as Otic Barotrauma and it
most likely to effect:
The sinuses.
✓
The teeth.
✓
The middle ear.
✓
All of the above.
✓
78.
Risk management, as a part of aeronautical decision making ADM process, relies
on which features to reduce the risk associated with each flight?
All answers are correct.
✓
The mental process of analyzing all information in a particular situation and making a timely decision on what action to take.
✓
Application of stress management and risk element procedures.
✓
Situational awareness, problem recognition, and good judgment.
✓
79.
Compared to a non-smoker, someone who smokes is likely to experience the
effects of hypoxia at:
A lower altitude.
✓
A higher altitude.
✓
The same altitude.
✓
Any altitude.
✓
80.
The most important controller of breathing is:
Nitrogen
✓
Carbon dioxide
✓
Breathing rate
✓
Oxygen
✓
81.
Flying when suffering from flu symptoms:
Weakens night vision
✓
Increases tendency to suffer from blocked ears
✓
Heals flu symptoms quickly
✓
May cause illusions when making turns
✓
82.
In the international standard atmosphere (ISA), as altitude increases in the
Troposphere, pressure:
Also increases.
✓
Stays the same.
✓
Will not be affected as pressure is independent of altitude.
✓
Decreases.
✓
83.
The best preventative actions to take if someone is showing symptoms of
Stroboscopic Effect is to:
Take no action, as the symptoms last for a short time only.
✓
Give him a task to distract him.
✓
Sit the person in a sunny area.
✓
Place the person in the shade and get them to close their eyes.
✓
84.
Being badly overweight increases a pilot's susceptibility to which of the
following conditions?
Hypoxia at higher altitudes.
✓
Heart attack.
✓
All of the above.
✓
Hypothermia
✓
85.
Which technique should a pilot use to scan for traffic to the right and left during
straight-and-level flight?
Continuous sweeping of the windshield from right to left.
✓
Concentrate on relative movement detected in the peripheral vision area.
✓
Systematically focus on different segments of the sky for short intervals.
✓
Look at far away and scan slowly.
✓
86.
One of the main contributory factors to the onset of motion sickness is:
Stalling.
✓
Performing high g maneuvers.
✓
Rolling quickly into turns
✓
The mismatch between visual and vestibular sensory inputs.
✓
87.
Learning to fly can be stressful because the student pilot is in situation without a
fully control. The most likely symptom of stress is:
Rough handling of the aircraft and general confusion.
✓
The sense of hunger, sleepiness and optical illusions.
✓
Nervousness, muscle tension and attention issues.
✓
Sleepiness, the rise of smoking and drinking.
✓
88.
Which statement best defines hypoxia?
A condition of gas bubble formation around the joints or muscles.
✓
A state of oxygen deficiency in the body.
✓
An abnormal increase in the volume of air breathed.
✓
An abnormal decrease in the volume of air breathed.
✓
89.
What is the antidote when a pilot has the hazardous attitude of "invulnerability"?
It could happen to me.
✓
It will not happen to me.
✓
I don't care.
✓
It can not be that bad.
✓
90.
If a pilot experiences spatial disorientation during flight in a restricted visibility
condition, the best way to overcome the effect is to:
Increase breathing rate.
✓
Concentrate on yaw, pitch, and roll sensations.
✓
Rely upon the aircraft instrument indications.
✓
Consciously slow the breathing rate until symptoms clear and then resume normal.
✓
91.
A pilot should not fly for at least how long after a general anesthetic?
24 hours.
✓
2 hours.
✓
48 hours.
✓
12 hours.
✓
92.
The International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) sea-level pressure is equal to:
1013.25 mb.
✓
1014.25 Hpa.
✓
50 inches of mercury.
✓
1014.00 mb.
✓
93.
If an individual has gone scuba diving which has required a controlled ascent
and will be flying to cabin pressure altitudes of 8,000 feet or less, the
recommended waiting time is at least:
24 hours.
✓
4 hours.
✓
12 hours.
✓
48 hours.
✓
94.
When a person is experiencing stress or fear, adrenaline is released into the
blood stream causing immediate:
Increase in the pulse-rate.
✓
Loss of consciousness.
✓
Decrease in the pulse-rate.
✓
Fatigue.
✓
95.
To lessen the danger of collision with an aircraft which might be in a pilot's blind
spot and closing on a constant relative bearing, the pilot should:
Carry out a systematic look out at all times.
✓
Roll the aircraft from right to left by a few degrees every 10 minutes or so.
✓
Change heading by a few degrees every 10 minutes or so.
✓
Carry out periodic clearing turns.
✓
96.
The three-needle type altimeter used in many light aircraft is:
a) Easy to mis-read.
b) Hardly ever mis-read.
c) Accurate and reliable.
d) Not very accurate or reliable.
b) and d).
✓
Only a).
✓
a) and c).
✓
Only b).
✓
97.
Mental Overload usually:
Leads to better performance.
✓
Leads to degraded performance.
✓
Has no effect on performance.
✓
Causes changes in the speed and accuracy of performance which vary from individual to individual.
✓
98.
The frequency band that a healthy young person can hear is:
80 - 20.000 cycles per second.
✓
70 - 15.000 cycles per second.
✓
500 - 15.000 cycles per second.
✓
20 - 20.000 cycles per second.
✓
99.
Presbycusis is an impairment of hearing due to:
Damage to the semi-circular canals.
✓
Damage to the cochlea.
✓
Smoking.
✓
Age.
✓
100.
Accommodation is the power of the lens to focus rays of light from near objects
onto the Fovea. Accommodation is controlled by:
The Retina.
✓
The Rods and Cones.
✓
The Ciliary muscles.
✓
The Iris.
✓
101.
Which organ controls all other bodily functions?
The brain.
✓
The lungs.
✓
The spinal cord.
✓
The heart.
✓
102.
Which of the following attitudes and/or characteristics are not good
communication and especially dangerous when flying?
A highly developed sense of leadership.
✓
All of the above.
✓
Arrogance and aggressiveness.
✓
Respect for other peoples' opinions.
✓
103.
"Error" is a generic term which describes all those occasions when a series of
mental or physical activities do not achieve their intended effect. Now, complete
the following statement. Errors:
May be isolated or cumulative.
✓
Are cumulative, one error leads to a second, which leads to a third etc.
✓
Are always part of the error chain.
✓
Are isolated with no further consequence or influence.
✓
104.
What preparation should a pilot make to adapt the eyes for night flying?
Avoid bright white lights at least 30 minutes before the flight.
✓
Avoid red lights at least 30 minutes before the flight.
✓
Wear sunglasses after sunset until ready for flight.
✓
Stay in the dark room at least 60 minutes before the flight.
✓
105.
At night it is easier to focus on an object if you:
Look directly at it.
✓
Look slightly to one side of it.
✓
Look about 50 degrees either side of it.
✓
Look directly at it while holding your eyes open as wide as you can.
✓
106.
From the options below, choose the correct sequence of the various stages of
the reasoning process.
Detection, Perception, Decisions taken, Feedback, Action.
✓
Detection, Perception, Decisions taken, Action, Feedback.
✓
Perception, Action, Feedback, Detection, Decisions taken.
✓
Detection, Feedback, Decisions taken, Action, Perception.
✓
107.
When flying solo, a pilot who suspects he is suffering from spatial disorientation
should:
Blink rapidly several times.
✓
Swallow hard, pinch the nostrils and blow down the nose to clear the Eustachian tube.
✓
Believe the indications of his instruments.
✓
Believe his somatosensory senses.
✓
108.
At altitude, the volumetric proportion of oxygen in the atmosphere is:
Higher than at MSL.
✓
The same as at mean sea level (MSL).
✓
Lower than at MSL.
✓
Dependent on the actual altitude.
✓
109.
The danger of spatial disorientation during flight in poor visual conditions may
be reduced by:
Systematically focus on different segments of the sky for short intervals.
✓
Shifting the eyes quickly between the exterior visual field and the instrument panel.
✓
Having faith in the instruments rather than taking a chance on the sensory organs.
✓
Leaning the body in the opposite direction of the motion of the aircraft.
✓
110.
Complete the following sentence. If your Eustachian tube is blocked and you
cannot clear your ears, you should:
Clear your nose with a nasal inhaler before flying.
✓
Fly only as a passenger.
✓
Ground yourself until the condition causing the blocking of the Eustachian tube has cleared up.
✓
Proceed with your flight but ensure that you swallow hard frequently.
✓
111.
One aid in increasing night vision effectiveness would be to:
Look at far away.
✓
Force the eyes to view off center.
✓
Look directly at objects.
✓
Increase intensity of interior lighting.
✓
112.
Which body system is responsible for distributing oxygen around the body?
The Respiratory System.
✓
The Nervous System.
✓
The Circulatory System.
✓
The Oxidation System.
✓
113.
What are Stress Factors or Stressors?
Circumstances or events which provoke any kind of reaction to the demands placed upon the human organism.
✓
Pulse-rate inducers.
✓
Measures of stress exhibited by a person.
✓
Events and circumstances which cause stress.
✓
114.
Which of the following are ways to help avoid stress in the cockpit?
Not allowing yourself to be rushed into acting before you are ready.
✓
Having a cool drink at hand, at all times.
✓
All of the above.
✓
Modifying your pre-flight plan whenever you feel you are off-track or behind time.
✓
115.
Hyperventilation results from:
Breathing too rapidly causing a lack of oxygen.
✓
Excess carbon dioxide in the body.
✓
A lack of carbon dioxide in the body.
✓
Flying too high without supplemental oxygen.
✓
116.
Hazardous attitudes occur to every pilot to some degree at some time. What are
some of these hazardous attitudes?
Poor situational awareness, snap judgments, and lack of a decision making process.
✓
Poor risk management and lack of stress management.
✓
All answers are correct.
✓
Antiauthority, impulsivity, macho, resignation, and invulnerability.
✓
117.
Which of the following gases is related to decompression sickness?
Carbon dioxide.
✓
Oxygen.
✓
Hydrogen.
✓
Nitrogen.
✓
118.
An illusion, that an aircraft is at a higher altitude than it actually is, is produced
by:
Atmospheric haze.
✓
Downsloping terrain.
✓
Wide runway.
✓
Upsloping terrain.
✓
119.
A pilot should be able to overcome the symptoms or avoid future occurrences of
hyperventilation by:
Closely monitoring the flight instruments to control the airplane.
✓
Speeding up the breathing rate.
✓
Slowing the breathing rate, breathing into a bag, or talking aloud.
✓
Increasing the breathing rate in order to increase lung ventilation.
✓
120.
The positive three-step process in the exchange of flight controls between pilots
includes these
verbal steps: (a) You have the flight controls, (b) I have the flight controls, and c)
____.
I have the aircraft and the flight controls.
✓
I have the aircraft.
✓
I have the flight controls.
✓
You have the flight controls.
✓
121.
Which of the following carries oxygen throughout the body?
Water.
✓
Red blood cells (erythrocytes).
✓
Plasma.
✓
White blood cells (leucocytes).
✓
122.
In which part of the eye is visual acuity at its highest?
The Cornea.
✓
The Retina.
✓
The Fovea.
✓
The Pupil.
✓
123.
Which of the following occur when a pilot is sitting too high in a cockpit?
a. Good downward outside view.
b. Poor view of instruments.
c. Upwards outside view obstructed.
a) and b) only.
✓
a), b) and c).
✓
a) and c) only.
✓
Only a).
✓
124.
In red blood cells oxygen attracts to:
Hematocrit
✓
Carbon monoxide
✓
Carbon dioxide
✓
Hemoglobin
✓
125.
Carbon monoxide in an aircraft cabin is:
Difficult to recognize because of its odorless and colorless.
✓
Easier to recognize when flying over 18,000 feet because the level of the oxygen decreases.
✓
Easily recognizable because of its peculiar odor.
✓
Easily recognizable because of its peculiar color.
✓
126.
The blood carries ____ around the body and removes ____ from the body with
the exchange occurring in the ____.
Carbon Dioxide / Oxygen / Capillaries.
✓
Oxygen / Carbon Dioxide / Arteries.
✓
Carbon / Dioxide / Oxygen Veins.
✓
Oxygen / Carbon Dioxide / Capillaries.
✓
127.
What is the antidote when a pilot has a hazardous attitude, such as
"Antiauthority"?
I don't care.
✓
Follow the rules.
✓
I know what I am doing
✓
Rules do not apply in this situation.
✓
128.
Which of the following organs of the body supplies the single most dependable
source of sensory information?
The Neo-cortex.
✓
The Ear.
✓
The Nose.
✓
The Eye.
✓
129.
Which statement is true regarding alcohol in the human system?
Small amount of alcohol will improve activity.
✓
Coffee helps metabolize alcohol and alleviates a hangover.
✓
Alcohol renders a pilot more susceptible to hypoxia.
✓
Small amounts of alcohol will not impair flying skills.
✓
130.
Enter into the following statement the most correct pair of gases from the
options below. Hemoglobin in red blood cells is more readily attracted to ____
than ____.
Oxygen / Nitrogen.
✓
Carbon Dioxide / Nitrogen.
✓
Nitrogen / Oxygen.
✓
Carbon Monoxide / Oxygen.
✓
131.
Which would most likely result in hyperventilation?
Chain smoking.
✓
An extremely slow rate of breathing and insufficient oxygen.
✓
Emotional tension, anxiety, or fear.
✓
The excessive consumption of alcohol.
✓
132.
Good briefings are very important. Which of the following could be the result of a
bad briefing?
Decreased uncertainty.
✓
Good understanding of information.
✓
Good transfer of knowledge.
✓
Increased uncertainty.
✓
133.
Motion sickness is caused by:
Instability in the brain cells which affect balance and will generally be overcome with experience.
✓
The eyes working on to allocate the horizon when an aircraft is in constant movement.
✓
The movement of an aircraft causing the stomach to create an acid substance which causes the stomach lining to contract.
✓
Continued stimulation of the tiny portion of the inner ear which controls sense of balance.
✓
134.
Which of the following statements is true?
Alcohol improves the visual acuity.
✓
A human body burns alcohol faster if you drink coffee at the same time.
✓
Even small amounts of alcohol may decline evaluation ability.
✓
Increasing the altitude reduces alcohols harmful effects.
✓
135.
The best method to use when looking for other traffic at night is to:
Look to the side of the object and scan rapidly.
✓
Look to the side of the object and scan slowly.
✓
Avoid scanning the region below the horizon so as to avoid the effect on ground light on the eyes.
✓
Scan the visual field very rapidly.
✓
136.
A rapid acceleration can create the illusion of being in a:
Nose down attitude.
✓
Tailspin.
✓
Left turn.
✓
Nose up attitude.
✓
137.
Which occurs when climbing above 18,000 feet in an unpressurized aircraft
without supplemental oxygen?
The oxygen pressure within the lungs cannot be maintained without an increase in inhaled oxygen pressure.
✓
Gases trapped in the body contract and prevent nitrogen from escaping the bloodstream.
✓
The pressure in the middle ear becomes less than the atmospheric pressure in the cabin.
✓
The oxygen pressure within the lungs remains the same.
✓
138.
When making a decision, will a pilot be influenced by previous experience?
Yes, past experience can play a part in decision-making.
✓
No, each decision is unrelated.
✓
Yes, but only if the experience was bad.
✓
Yes, but only if the experience is good.
✓
139.
What causes conductive deafness?
Damage to the outer ear.
✓
Damage to the ossicles or the eardrum.
✓
Damage to the middle ear.
✓
Damage to the pinna.
✓
140.
What is the one common factor which affects most preventable accidents?
Human error.
✓
Opponents error.
✓
Structural failure.
✓
Mechanical malfunction.
✓
141.
What suggestion could you make to your pilot fellow who is experiencing motion
sickness?
Recommend breathing into the paper bag.
✓
Recommend taking medication to prevent motion sickness.
✓
Lower her/his head, shut her/his eyes, and take deep breaths.
✓
Avoid unnecessary head movement and to keep her/his eyes on a point outside the aircraft.
✓
142.
A likely symptom, or likely symptoms, of Hypoxia might be:
All answers are correct.
✓
Impaired judgment.
✓
Tingling fingers and toes.
✓
Unconsciousness.
✓
143.
You are preparing for a training flight with an instructor and cannot find your
checklist. You should:
Perform the checks from memory.
✓
Take time to find the checklist at the risk of missing part of your airborne time.
✓
Rely on the instructor to point out anything that you might have missed.
✓
Use a checklist for a different aircraft type.
✓
144.
You are taking a friend flying and are cruising at 6,000 ft. Your passenger begins
suffering from a tingling sensation, dizziness and visual disorders and then
becomes unconscious. Your passenger is probably suffering from:
Hypoxia.
✓
Hyperventilation.
✓
Food poisoning.
✓
Angina.
✓
145.
Gas exchange takes place in the:
Aorta
✓
Bronchus
✓
Pulmonary artery
✓
Alveoli
✓
146.
What is the most important sense for spatial orientation?
"Seat of the pants".
✓
Hearing and balance.
✓
All senses play their part in situation awareness.
✓
Sight.
✓
147.
Which of the following will give the illusion that the aircraft is too low during an
approach?
A brightly lit aerodrome in an otherwise dark area.
✓
A down-sloping runway.
✓
A narrower than normal runway.
✓
An up-sloping runway.
✓
148.
Brain cells that have been deprived of oxygen will start to die in:
2 hours.
✓
30 minutes.
✓
2 seconds.
✓
2 minutes.
✓
149.
Dark adaptation takes about ____ for the Rods, and ____ for the Cones.
30 minutes / 7 minutes.
✓
25 minutes / 45 minutes.
✓
15 minutes / 20 minutes.
✓
7 minutes / 30 minutes.
✓
150.
During a climb to 18,000 ft, the percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere:
Increases.
✓
Explodes.
✓
Decreases.
✓
Remains the same.
✓
151.
Loudness is measured in:
Cycle per second.
✓
Hertz.
✓
Pascal ́s.
✓
Decibels.
✓
152.
During straight and level flight any pronounced linear acceleration may produce
sensation of the nose pitching up. In such a situation, the pilot should:
Correct the pitching movement by moving the control column slightly forward.
✓
Ignore vestibular information and believe what the instruments are indicating.
✓
Rely on information from the vestibular apparatus to maintain orientation.
✓
Rely on his "seat of the pants" feeling to make any necessary correction.
✓
153.
When compared to visual stimuli, auditory stimuli (noises) are:
More likely to attract attention and more likely to be responded to in error.
✓
Less likely to attract attention and less likely to be responded to in error.
✓
Less likely to attract attention and more likely to be responded to in error.
✓
More likely to attract at tention and less likely to be responded to in error.
✓
154.
Hypoxia is the result of:
Shortage of oxygen in the body.
✓
All answers are correct.
✓
Excessive nitrogen in the bloodstream.
✓
Insufficient oxygen in the air.
✓
155.
If advice is needed concerning possible flight with an illness, a pilot should
contact:
Their family doctor.
✓
An Aviation Medical Examiner.
✓
The nearest hospital.
✓
The general practitioner.
✓
156.
Where human's sence of balance is located?
In "seat of the pants" and lower limbs
✓
In the inner ear
✓
In the middle ear
✓
In hypophysis
✓
157.
Which of the following are terms generally used to describe a type or types of
memory within the subject of Human Performance and Limitations?
Long-term memory.
✓
Felicitous memory.
✓
Sensitive memory.
✓
All of them.
✓
158.
Above what altitude do pilots need to breath supplementary oxygen?
8,000 ft.
✓
20,000 ft.
✓
10,000 ft.
✓
2,000 ft.
✓
159.
In the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA), as altitude increases in the
Troposphere, temperature:
Decreases.
✓
Will not be affected as it is independent of altitude.
✓
Stays the same.
✓
Also increases.
✓
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