General Medicine: Respiratory System

This is the organ system that helps you breathe

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/21205-respiratory-system

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/8960-lungs

https://www.respiratorytherapyzone.com/respiratory-system-fun-facts/

https://www.uc.edu/content/dam/uc/ce/images/OLLI/Page%20Content/THE%20RESPIRATORY%20SYSTEM.pdf

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Last updated: January 13, 2024

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Introduction
The respiratory center of the brain; the bottom part of the brainstem, allows us to breathe without having to think about it	Medulla Oblongata
A doctor that specialises in the respiratory system is referred to as a....	Pulmonologist / Pulmonology
The lungs are the only organs in the body that can _____ in water	Float
Children who breathe directly from their mouth are more likely to develop a ____ while talking	Lisp
Physiology / Function
Allows one to ____ and to _____	Talk
Allows one to ____ and to _____	Smell
_________ the inhaled air to match with the body's temperature	Regulates
Delivers ______ and other nutrients to the cells of the body	Oxygen
Removes waste gases, such as ______ _______, from the body during exhalation	Carbon Dioxide
Protects the _______ from harmful substances	Airways

Anatomy
Openings that inhale and exhale air from the outside	Mouth / Nose
Hollow areas between the skull bones that regulate inhaled air to match the body's temperature	Sinuses
Tube that delivers air from the mouth and nose to the windpipe	Pharynx
Passage (windpipe) connecting the throat with the lungs	Trachea
Tubes at the bottom of the windpipe that connect to each lung	Bronchial Tubes
Two organs that remove oxygen from the air and pass it into the blood	Lungs
Muscle that helps the lungs pull in / push out air	Diaphragm
Bones that surround and protect the lungs and heart	Ribs
Tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place	Alveoli
Sections of the lungs — three lobes in the right lung and two in the left lung	Lung Lobes
Thin sacs that surround each lung lobe and separate your lungs from the chest wall	Pleura
Tiny hairs that move in a wave-like motion to filter dust and other irritants out of your airways	Cilia
Tissue flap at the entrance to the trachea that closes when you swallow to keep food and liquids out of your airway	Epiglottis
Hollow organ that allows you to talk and make sounds when air moves in and out	Larynx
Small branches that branches off the bronchial tubes that will lead to the previous one	Bronchioles
Blood vessels in the alveoli walls that moves oxygen and carbon dioxide	Capillaries
Lungs
Your lungs are two major organs of the respiratory system and is situated in the chest, also called....	Thorax
The three lobes of the right lobe	Superior
	Middle
	Inferior
The right lung is _______ than the left lung, but also _____ than the left lung	Shotert
	Wider
The two lobes of the left lung	Superior
The two lobes of the left lung	Inferior
The left lung is smaller than the right lung, due to the fact that the _____ is where the middle lobe of the left lung would be	Heart
The left lung has two parts that the right part doesn't have 1. Where the heart fits 2. The extension of the superior lobe	Cardiac Notch
	Lingula

Pathology
Inhaling asbestos fibers causes scars on the lung and pleural tissues	Asbestosis
Airway tightening due to swelling, making breathing difficult	Asthma
Inflamed bronchi causes you to cough up mucus and have trouble breathing	Bronchiectasis
The main characteristic of this condition is coughing; can be either acute or chronic	Bronchitis
A progressive breathing disorder that can’t be reversed	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
This infection can cause mild or severe respiratory illness	COVID-19
This respiratory infection happens in children under the age of 5	Croup
This inherited condition causes sticky mucus buildups in the lungs and other organs	Cystic fibrosis
Lung disease, known as the flu, is caused by a virus.	Influenza
A major risk factor for developing this type of cancer is smoking cigarettes	Lung Carcinoma
A type of cancer often caused by inhaling asbestos fibers	Mesothelioma
This lung infection causes fluid in your lungs and can lead to hospitalization.	Pneumonia
Scarring your lungs causes breathing difficulty. It isn’t curable	Pulmonary fibrosis
These growths in your lungs are mainly benign (noncancerous)	Pulmonary Nodules
This respiratory infection can happen in children and adults	Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
This infection affects your lungs, but can also affect other body parts	Tuberculosis

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