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Definition
Keyword
Muscle fibres with a slow contraction speed and better adapted to lower intensity exercise EG long distance running
Slow oxidative
Muscle fibres that fatigue quickly and used for highly explosive events EG 100m
Fast glycolytic
A motor neurone and its muscle fibres
Motor unit
A sustained muscle contraction caused by a series of fast repeating stimuli
Tetanic contraction
When the strength of a contraction changes by altering the number and size of the muscle's motor units
Spatial summation
Nerve cells which transmit the brain's instructions as electrical impulses to the muscles
Motor neurones
Where the motor neurone and the muscle fibre meet
Neuromuscular junction
Muscle fibres more resistant to fatigue and used where longer bursts of energy are needed EG 1500m
Fast oxidative glycolytic
Definition
Keyword
Where a sequence of impulses has to be of sufficient intensity to stimulate all of the muscle fibres in a motor unit in order for them to contract. If not, none of them contract
All or none law
These detect how far and how fast a muscle is being stretched and produce the stretch reflex
Muscle spindles
Stretch -> Contraction -> Relax -> Stretch
Proprioceptive Neuromuscluar Facilitation
Where there is a repeated nerve impulse with no time to relax so a smooth, sustained contraction occurs, rather than twitches
Wave summation
These are activated when there is tension in a muscle
Golgi tendon organs
When there is tension in a muscle but no visible movement
Isometric contraction
Where there is a sudden relaxation of the muscle in response to high tension