Letter
|
Year
|
Hint
|
Answer
|
A
|
1268
|
This Levantine Crusader State falls to the Mamluk warlord Baibars
|
Antioch
|
B
|
1258
|
This Abbasid capital city is sacked by invading Mongols
|
Baghdad
|
C
|
1204
|
This Byzantine city is the somewhat surprising eventual target of the 4th Crusade
|
D
|
1206
|
This Muslim Sultanate was established under the Mamluks in India after the breakup of the Rajput Confederacy
|
Delhi
|
E
|
1270
|
This future King of England, also known as Longshanks or Hammer of the Scots sets off on the 9th Crusade
|
Edward I
|
F
|
1210
|
In northern Italy this monk founded the first mendicant order to bear his name
|
Francis of Assisi
|
G
|
1220
|
This Mongol Chieftain captures Bukhara on the way to conquering the largest contiguous land empire in history
|
Genghis Khan
|
H
|
1250
|
Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II dies, ending the imperial reign of this noble family
|
Hohenstaufen
|
I
|
1262
|
The Old Covenant is signed in this country, leading to union with King Haakon IV of Norway
|
Iceland
|
J
|
1290
|
This group of people were subject to the Edict of Expulsion from England at the orders of E
|
Jews
|
K
|
1274 & 1281
|
These divine winds helped destroy two separate invading Mongol fleets
|
Kamikaze
|
L
|
1266
|
This Crusade in the Baltic States, part of the wider Northern Crusades, gave control to the Order of Teutonic Knights
|
Livonian
|
M
|
1271
|
This explorer embarks on a 24 year expedition to Cathay (China)
|
Marco Polo
|
N
|
1240
|
This river was the site of a talismanic Russian victory for Prince Alexander of Novgorod against invading Swedes and Danes
|
Neva
|
O
|
1299
|
This Dynasty was founded in Sogut (north west Anatolia) by Osman I, later growing into a vast Empire
|
Ottoman
|
P
|
1249
|
King Afonso III united this country for the first time by conquering the Algarve
|
Portugal
|
Q
|
1260
|
This Mamluk Sultan is murdered by Baibars while returning to Egypt after their victory over the Mongols at Ain Jalut
|
Qutuz
|
R
|
1215
|
Site where King John of England was forced by his barons to sign the Magna Carta
|
Runnymede
|
S
|
1279
|
This Chinese dynasty falls to the conquering Kublai Khan (Grandson of G)
|
Song
|
T
|
1225
|
First name of the cleric, scholar and philosopher known as Aquinas, who was born in this year
|
Thomas
|
U
|
1261
|
This Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem is ordained Pope in Rome
|
Urban IV
|
V
|
1221
|
This maritime republic signs a trade treaty with the Mongol Empire
|
Venice
|
W
|
1297
|
This rebel leader entered the First War of Scottish Independence by killing the Sheriff of Lanark
|
William Wallace
|
X
|
1227
|
The Western branch of this Chinese dynasty, also known as the Tangut, comes to an end at the hands of the Mongols
|
Xia
|
Y
|
1271
|
This Chinese dynasty was formed by the invading Mongol Kublai Khan
|
Yuan
|
Z
|
1202
|
This Christian city in modern-day Croatia was the first victim of the 4th Crusade
|
Zara / Zadar
|