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Answer
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That US body the defining powers of which are that it is the final court of appeal for federal and state supreme court cases, rules on the constitutionality of federal and state law and actions of federal and state executives, interprets the Constitution, and is subject to no higher authority
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Supreme Court
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That the strengths of which are that it is the supreme house, the executive is drawn from and accountable to it, it has influential select committees, and can question and debate ministers directly
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House of Commons
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That 2011 Act of Parliament the UK is planning to repeal as of March 2020, an eponymous repeal bill having had its first reading in the House of Lords in February
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Fixed Term Parliaments Act
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That country the lower first past the post elected chamber of which has more parties and thus less proportionality due to the country being multinational as well as one non-contiguous region being in a unique political situation
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United Kingdom
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Briefs to the court by individuals or groups trying to influence the court in reaching its decision, being one of the most common methods of pressure group activity in the US
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Amicus Curiae Briefs
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Those that often form in large broad-church parties like the Democrats, Republicans, Conservatives, and Labour, due to them being less ideologically pure
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Party Factions
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That which is stronger in Parliament than in Congress in that parliamentary sovereignty allows it to make laws and constitutional changes and the supremacy of the Commons prevents gridlock
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Power
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That in the UK which is different to the same in the US due to the presence of third parties in the legislature, nearly all nationalist or Northern Irish unionist parties
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Party System
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Those bodies for which the only opportunity above the local level in the UK for electioneering and endorsing are during elections to the House of Commons and devolved administrations, EU elections now having ceased in the UK
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Pressure Groups
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That the weaknesses of which are that party representation is not reflective of voting potentially weakening constituency representation, Question Time is often parliamentary theatre and it is overly dominated by government
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House of Commons
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Question or Term
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Answer
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Those two types of legislation that the US' 'American Civil Liberties Union' and UK's 'Liberty' have focused much of their effort against, alphabetically
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Anti-terrorist and National Security Legislation
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That body in the US which is differentiated from its UK counterpart in that members; cannot be part of another branch of government, require Senate confirmation, meet irregularly at the whim of the President to whom they are subordinate, are mostly policy-specialists and strangers to the President whom they rarely see, and there is not collective responsibility
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Cabinet
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Those two countries in which the location of powers is differentiated in that in the former there is separation of powers (separation of institutions/sharing of powers) where in the latter there is fusion of powers, the executive being drawn from the legislature and the legislature being able to dismiss the government
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USA and UK
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Where a more recent UK act contradicting an earlier one, supersedes it unless concerning a point of constitutional/fundamental law which much be repealed expressly
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Implied Repeal
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An approach to comparative politics focused on shared ideas within a political group or system, useful for comparing the role of value held by; religious group, pressure groups, party factions, parties, etc.
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Cultural Approach
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Those two things which US pressure groups structurally have more opportunities for than their UK counterparts as there are many more elections with greater frequency, an elected head of government, both chambers of Congress being elected, an elected governor, elected judges and state legislatures, and primaries for both presidential and congressional elections, alphabetically
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Electioneering and Endorsing
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That approach to comparative politics which can be well used to compare parties and party factions
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Cultural Approach
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That approach to comparative politics the basis for which is the belief that political outcomes are largely determined by the formal processes within that political system, giving strong emphasis to the way in which the institutional structure moulds the actions of individuals and groups
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Structural Approach
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The oldest UK constituency, being formed in 1265
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Lincoln
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That approach to comparative politics which is best suited for examining why some states support reforming senatorial elections and others don't
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Rational Approach
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