Statistics for Edexcel History 3. Poverty, Pauperism, and the Slave Trade

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Question or Term	Answer	% Correct
The year in which France reintroduced slavery, thus uncoupling the abolitionist cause from accusations of Jacobinism whilst making abolitionism something of a patriotic duty	1802	100%
Either one of the two newspapers most strongly opposed to the New Poor Law	'The Times' and 'Quarterley Review'	100%
The percentage of slave trading voyages that encountered some kind of slave revolt	10%	0%
The percentage profit slave trade investors were expected to make in 1807	10%	0%
The number of the 30 Liverpool merchant houses that had gone bankrupt by 1788	12	0%
The number of people in the slave trading city of Glasgow who signed an abolitionist petition in 1792	13,000	0%
The amount of money Glasgow's merchants were owed by planters by 1776 as a result of volatility in the agricultural market	£1.3 million	0%
The number of parishes in Poor Law Unions by 1840	14,000	0%
The number of Gilbert Workhouses that survived the New Poor Law	15	0%
The percentage of New Poor Law inmates whom were able bodied from 1848 to 1870	15%	0%
The percentage of workhouses that banned outdoor relief by 1870	15%	0%
The number of parishes in England and Wales	15,000	0%
The number of slaves transported to the Spanish Caribbean by Great Britain via the asiento and illegal trafficking	1.5 million	0%
The percentage of paupers in Lancashire and the West Riding of Yorkshire who were receiving relief in a workhouse in 1844	16%	0%
The percentage of able bodied paupers who were in the workhouse by the 1840's	1.7%	0%
The year in which William Wilberforce gave his first abolitionist speech in the House of Commons	1789	0%
The year in which Parliament passed an amended bill by William Wilberforce to abolish the slave trade gradually with a goal of total abolition by 1796	1792	0%
The year in which France abolished slavery	1794	0%
The year in which William Wilberforce successfully introduced a bill to the House of Commons to abolish the slave trade, albeit too late to pass through (as he commonly did) the House of Lords, and defeated upon reintroduction the next year	1804	0%
The years of the two Parliamentary Select Committees which criticised the Old Poor Law for; the ineffective administration offered by parishes, the counterproductiveness of its birth or settled status requirements relative to the industrial need for freedom of movement, and the way in which it was overwhelmed in urban areas by the mass influx of poor people	1817 and 1824	0%
The two years in which poor relief acts were passed, that required qualification for said relief to be approved by two justices of the peace rather than one, reducing the risk of sympathetic justices of the peace approving spurious claims	1818 and 1819	0%
A report into the system of poor relief, authored by utilitarian and Benthamite commissioners including Nassau Senior and Edwin Chadwick, advocating the use of the 'workhouse test', centralisation, and 'less eligibility'	1832 Royal Commission	0%
The percentage death rate per voyage of British sailors on slave ships, as pointed out by Thomas Clarkson	20%	0%
The number of Knatchbull Workhouses by 1776, usually housing 20 to 50 inmate	2,000	0%
The number of sailors interviewed by Thomas Clarkson in his collecting of information on the slave trade from 1787 to 1794	20,000	0%
The number of people estimate to have been boycotting West Indian slave-grown sugar by the end of 1791 after a campaign by Thomas Clarkson	300,000	0%
The percentage of New Poor Law inmates whom were aged or infirm from 1848 to 1870	30 to 40%	0%
The percentage increase in the population in the South East of England from 1811 to 1831	31%	0%
The percentage by which agricultural wages fell between 1814 and 1822	33%	0%
The percentage by which spending fell in some parishes as a result of the New Poor Law	35%	0%
The number of new workhouses built - mostly in Southern parishes - between 1834 and 1839	350	0%
The number of petitions from across the country that were assembled in opposition to the abolition of the slave trade in 1792	4	0%
The percentage of New Poor Law inmates whom were children from 1848 to 1870	40%	0%
The number of slaves transported by Great Britain annually in the 1790's	50,000	0%
The extra cost of rural indoor relief compared to rural outdoor relief by percentage as estimated by historian George Boyer	50 to 100%	0%
The number of petitions from across the country that were assembled in support of abolition of the slave trade in 1792	519	0%
The number of copies of Samuel Smile's 'Self Help' sold in the first five years of publication	55,000	0%
The number of Gilbert Workhouses by 1834 covering an area of 924 parishes	67	0%
The most numerous topic petitioned to Parliament in the late 18th and early 19th centuries	Abolition of the Slave Trade	0%
A 1662 act that mandated each person have one legitimate parish of residence which would be the only one responsible for them	Act of Settlement	0%
An historian who has emphasised the role of the abolitionists in securing the end of the slave trade	Adam Hochschild	0%
An economist who believed slavery was less efficient and more expensive than paid labour due to unhappy workers being less productive, and enforcement being very costly	Adam Smith	0%
That industry in which wages fell in the 1810's and 20's due to an excess supply of labour (due to population increase) for more limited jobs (due to mechanisation)	Agriculture	0%
Charitable donations given to paupers in a parish	Alms	0%
The war in which British defeat effectively wiped out a large part of the British slave trading market	American War of Independence	0%
A 1775 - 1783 war in which, one parties popularised ideals of freedom and liberty made people question the morality of slavery	American War of Independence	0%
The words that appeared on the incredibly popular abolitionist symbol of the slave medallion, designed and manufactured under Josiah Wedgwood	Am I not a man and a brother?	0%
An 1832 act that among other things bequeathed the unclaimed bodies of workhouse inmates to medical schools regardless of the person's wishes, in an effort to increase the supply of cadavers, thus reducing the prevalence of grave robbing	Anatomy Act	0%
A scandal characterised by; the abuse of inmates - particular women - by the master and his wife, and of men having to eat and fight over bone marrow and meat left on the bones they crushed for fertilizer due to subsistence level provisions	Andover Scandal	0%
An 1845 scandal, investigated and debated by Parliament, and heavily publicised by 'The Times' under John Walter, over the abuse and conditions at a Hampshire workhouse	Andover Scandal	0%
A philanthropist who helped pauperous children find military employment and education, and co-founded Urania Cottage	Angela Burdett-Coutts (1814 - 1906)	0%
A late 1830's movement - concentrated mostly in Northern England - that coordinated opposition to the imposition of the New Poor Law under the likes of people such as Richard Oastler and John Fielden	Anti-Poor Law Movement	0%
A trade licence given by the Spanish Crown by the Treaty of Utrecht to Great Britain from 1713 to 1750 via the South Sea Company, that granted the British a near monopoly on trading slaves and goods to the Spanish American colonies	Asiento	0%
A 1787 pamphlet by Thomas Clarkson, written to launch a publicity campaign on behalf of the Society for the Abolition of the Slave Trade	A Summary View of the Slave Trade	0%
Those two West Indian colonies which were at the centre of the English and later British sugar industry chronologically	Barbados and Jamaica	0%
The nickname given to the three Poor Law Commissioners by critics	Bashaws of Somerset House	0%
The Anglican Bishop of Chester (1776 - 87) and later of London (1787 - 1809) and first senior clergyman to vociferously challenge slavery, being very supportive of the Clapham Sect	Beilby Porteus (1731 - 1809)	0%
A piece of anti-Poor Law propaganda produced by an unknown 'Marcus' that suggested Poor Law Commissioners were considering gassing pauper children based on Malthusian fears of overpopulation	Book of Murder	0%
The first place to make poor relief conditional on going into a workhouse, doing so in 1697	Bristol	0%
Those two British ports which dominated the slave trade chronologically	Bristol and Liverpool	0%
The term used by Benjamin Disraeli to describe the doctrine on which the New Poor Law was based	Brutilitarianism	0%
A combination of charities founded in 1869 to coordinate activities on behalf of the deserving poor, believing indiscriminate help encourage dependency	Charity Organisation Society	0%
A novelist and journalist who - having reported on the 1834 Poor Law debates - spoke vehemently against the New Poor Law through his novels and editorship of two journals	Charles Dickens (1812 - 1870)	0%
Either of the two MP's whom led calls for the abolition of the slave trade within the first parliamentary debate on the matter in 1788	Charles James Fox and Edmund Burke	0%
A prominent group of evangelicals, including Granville Sharp, Thomas Clarkson, and William Wilberforce, made up of the friends and families who attended Holy Trinity Church on Clapham Common, London	Clapham Sect	0%
A formal gathering of Crown representatives headed by a governor, responsible for administering the colony in which they resided	Colonial Assembly	0%
The Napoleonic economic blockade of Great Britain which made the West African market particularly vital for the British economy	Continental System	0%
An alternative to the workhouse for children, used by a few Poor Law Unions by 1870 in which one or two dozen children would live in a small group of houses with a school, all run by foster parents	Cottage Home	0%
That which caused cyclical unemployment in industrial areas and thus resulted in an overwhelming demand on the Old Poor Law by a concentrated urban population	Cyclical Depression	0%
A political economist who argued for complete abolition of the poor law, as creating a dependent and idle workforce	Daniel Ricardo (1772 - 1823)	0%
Eric Williams' interpretation that the slave trade ended as it was becoming increasingly unprofitable for both traders and planters in an age of industrial capitalism	Decline Thesis	0%
A 1788 Act that regulated the conditions aboard slave ships by limiting the number of slaves they could carry	Dolben Act	0%
The cost of housing a pauper in a workhouse compared to providing outdoor relief by 1862	Double	0%
The factor by which those in the South of England received poor relief compared to those in the North of England from 1802 - 03	Double	0%
A portmanteau of two words invented by Seymour Drescher to describe the radical ending of a still very profitable slave trade	Econocide	0%
That which was often provided for children in the workhouse by the 1870's	Education	0%
That demographic which received more favourable treatment in the workhouses by the 1870's, with couples often being allowed to share rooms	Elderly	0%
A novelist and friend of Charles Dickens who used her novels to speak out against the living and working conditions of the poor	Elizabeth Gaskell (1810 - 1865)	0%
An historian and later first prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago whose 1944 work 'Capitalism and Slavery' proposed that economic change was the driving force behind the abolition of the slave trade	Eric Williams	0%
A 1798 essay by Thomas Malthus that argued mathematically that population was increasing beyond subsistence level, encouraged by the poor rate which led people to have families they couldn't support and deterred productivity	Essay on the Principle of Population	0%
A 1786 Cambridge University essay by Thomas Clarkson which brought him into the abolitionist movement and helped convince William Wilberforce to join the cause of abolition, of which 10,000 copies were printed and distributed to MP's and others	Essay on the Slavery and Commerce of the Human Species	0%
An Anglican such as William Wilberforce who emphasised the importance of personal conversion and faith in atonement as a means of salvation	Evangelical	0%
Those philanthropists who believed in the virtue of self help, also much behind the pressure to abolish the slave trade	Evangelical Philanthropists	0%
That group of people, many of whom saw defeat in the American War of Independence as being the result of a loss of divine favour for selling the 'heathens' (slaves) for selfish gain rather than converting them to Christ	Evangelicals	0%
Those who often supported abolition out of a desire to save the souls of slaves and masters alike	Evangelicals	0%
An uprising in Grenada by mostly free mixed-race French speakers and some slaves in 1795 that was defeated in 1796	Fédon's Rebellion	0%
That parliamentary group which some historians have emphasised were - above all other parliamentary and extra parliamentary factors - behind the final abolition of the slave trade in 1807	Foxites	0%
The capital of Sierra Leone, founded in 1792 by John Clarkson (brother of Thomas Clarkson) and African-American slaves freed during the American Revolution, on the work of the likes of Granville Shark and Olaudah Equiano	Freetown	0%
A 1772 piece of permissive legislation allowing parishes to combine as unions for the purpose of running common workhouses as places of refuge for the old, sick, and orphans	Gilbert's Act	0%
An evangelical, chairman of the Society for the Abolition of the Slave Trade, and key figure in the Somersett, and Zong cases	Granville Sharp (1735 - 1813)	0%
Those three countries that transported the most slaves respectively in the eighteenth century	Great Britain, France, and Portugal	0%
The factor by which expenditure decreased in those parishes involved with the Nottingham Reformers	Halved	0%
An evangelical, philanthropist, member of the Clapham Sect, and very popular writer who wrote many pamplets and poems opposing the slave trade and French Revolution	Hannah More (1745 - 1833)	0%
A journalist who investigated pauperism and poverty from 1849 to 1862, concluding that it was the result of low wages rather than idleness	Henry Mayhew (1812 - 1887)	0%
That financial adage, the first part of which - regarding the high cost of setting up and considerable risks that could be encountered - dissuaded some from investing in the slave trade (initials HRHR)	High Risk High Reward	0%
A local, prison-like institution where those able bodied who refused work could be confined	House of Correction	0%
An 1848 scandal at a Yorkshire workhouse in which sick inmates had been forced to share lice ridden beds with dead bodies for weeks and bed linen sometimes went unchanged for nine weeks	Huddersfield Scandal	0%
The belief in and promotion of the importance of human welfare, altruism, and benevolence, based on moral and rational soundings	Humanitarianism	0%
Paupers who were old or sick and incapable of work	Impotent Poor	0%
Poor relief, the receipt of which required moving into an institution or workhouse	Indoor Relief	0%
The growth in mechanisation and factories fueled in part by the vast increase in production of commodities such as cotton as a result of the slave trade	Industrialisation	0%
The Colonial Assembly that abolished mutilation as a punishment for slaves in 1792, while also banning the use of metal collars for shackling slaves together	Jamaican Colonial Assembly	0%
A reverend and early abolitionist, having worked from 1762 - 80 in the West Indies, whose work 'Essay on the Treatment and Conversion of African Slaves in the British Sugar Colonies' much inspired the work of Thomas Clarkson and was discussed considerably by slaves and planters in the West Indies	James Ramsay (1733 - 1789)	0%
An historian who has emphasised the interlocking roles of a variety of factors in bringing about the abolition of the slave trade	James Walvin	0%
A captain acquitted of murdering a female slave aboard his ship in 1792, which established the precedent that a ship's crew could be tried for murdering a slave, the killing of whom had been deemed permissible in certain circumstances by the Zong case	John Kimber	0%
A physician and vicar who argued in 1786 that the poor law prevented people from learning to work hard and support themselves	Joseph Townsend (1739 - 1816)	0%
A 1723 act that gave legal sanction to a parish or group of parishes to force an able bodied pauper into a workhouse as a precondition of receiving relief	Knatchbull's Act	0%
An 1842 order from the Poor Law Commission that allowed for outdoor relief for the able bodied in exchange for work done for the parish	Labour Test Order	0%
That family who made much of their forture from sugar and slaves in the 18th century, made Barons Harewood in 1790	Lascelles	0%
The guiding principle of the New Poor Law which advocated less desirable conditions in workhouses than could be found in any independent living arrangement	Less Eligibility	0%
That founding principle of the New Poor Law which became less relevant as workhouses became increasingly for the old, young, sick, and infirm as a result of greater flexibility in the use of outdoor relief for able bodied paupers	Less Eligibility	0%
The slave port which returned an abolitionist MP in 1806	Liverpool	0%
A 1929 act that abolished workhouses	Local Government Act	0%
A government department that superseded the Poor Law Board in 1871, responsible for the Poor Law and public health	Local Government Board	0%
Either of the two cities which were are the forefront of Quaker and dissenter abolitionist coordination and organisation alphabetically	London and Philadelphia	0%
The two men that coordinated the abolitionist campaign between the House of Lords and House of Commons receptively from 1806 - 06	Lord Grenville and William Wilberforce	0%
An informal Birmingham learned society of prominent intellectuals, industrialists, and scientists, who severely criticised the slave trade in the late 18th and early 19th centuries	Lunar Society	0%
The 1772 judgement of the Somersett vs Stewart case which ruled that there was no allowing for slavery in England and Wales, and thus - in effect - any slave who entered the said territories was free	Mansfield Judgement	0%
A Christian denomination led by abolitionist John Wesley, which broke away from the Church of England after Wesley's death	Methodism	0%
An 1867 London act that began the process of establishing health institutions for the poor, separate from workhouses	Metropolitan Poor Act	0%
The slave trade route from West Africa to the West Indies and Americas that constituted the second leg of the 'triangular trade'	Middle Passage	0%
The ministry of 1806 - 07 that - though little successful in resolving issues around the war with France and Catholic emancipation - was successful in abolishing the slave trade	Ministry of All the Talents	0%
Disorganised rural Southern and Eastern English anti-New Poor Law riots in 1835, such as that in Ampthill, Bedfordshire	Money or Blood Riots	0%
That which saw the majority of the meagre parliamentary opposition against it originate from newly enfranchised industrial boroughs	New Poor Law	0%
The system commonly criticised for treating the deserving poor and undeserving poor in the same manner	New Poor Law	0%
A harsher and more stringent system of providing some relief for the poor, established by the 1834 Poor Law Amendment Act	New Poor Law	0%
The view of some enlightenment thinkers, that non-Europeans including West Africans, were 'children of nature' and innocent of 'Old World corruption'	Noble Savage	0%
Parish overseers who - in the 1820's - abolished allowances for able bodied paupers and made workhouses the only alternative to starvation	Nottingham Reformers	0%
An Igbo who had been enslaved in the 1750's, buying his freedom from his Quaker master in 1766, who became a leading member of the 'Sons of Africa', and campaigned for abolition of the slave trade, publishing his popular and sensational memoirs in 1789	Olaudah Equiano/Gustavus Vassa (1745 - 1797)	0%
The system under which parishes generally dealt with their poor population by either giving them paid labour (if they were capable of it) or giving them alms (if incapable of work)	Old Poor Law	0%
A system of providing relief for the poor, set up under the 1601 Act for the Relief of the Poor	Old Poor Law	0%
The proportion of the population of Manchester - equating to 20,000 people - that signed an abolitionist petition in 1792	One Third	0%
Poor relief in the form of money, food, clothing, or goods that allowed paupers to continue living in their own homes	Outdoor Relief	0%
What was the predominant system of poor relief for the able bodied before 1834	Outdoor Relief	0%
An 1844 order from the Poor Law Commission that banned any outdoor relief	Outdoor Relief Prohibitory Order	0%
An 1852 order from the Poor Law Commission that allowed for outdoor labour to replace the workhouse as a condition of relief	Outdoor Relief Regulation Order	0%
The number of plantations burned in the St. Domingue rebellion	Over 1,000	0%
An annually appointed parochial officer who administered and supervised the Old Poor Law, subject to monitoring by county magistrates	Overseer	0%
A person surviving on poor relief provided through the local parish	Pauper	0%
That group of people which could be classified into the; able bodied, impotent poor, and orphans	Paupers	0%
The physical rallying point behind all the major abolitionist campaigns except that of 1806 - 07	Petitions	0%
A farmer who planted crops on their plantation which would then be harvested by slaves	Planter	0%
Those who studied and wrote on the economy of the state	Political Economist	0%
An 1834 act that; established a centralised Poor Law Commission under Edwin Chadwick, grouped parishes into Poor Law Unions - each with its own workhouse, replaced overseers with locally elected Poor Law Guardians, and appointed 12 assistant commissioners to coordinate its application	Poor Law Amendment Act	0%
The nickname given to workhouses	Poor Law Bastilles	0%
A government department presided over by an MP which replaced the Poor Law Commission in 1847 as a result of the Andover Scandal	Poor Law Board	0%
The body that - in 1838 - empowered the Poor Law Guardians from Lancashire and the West Riding of Yorkshire to effectively carry on as usual, without having to implement a workhouse test	Poor Law Commission	0%
A central body in London under secretary Edwin Chadwick responsible for overseeing the New Poor Law nationally to assure uniformity, replaced in 1847 by the Poor Law Board	Poor Law Commission	0%
Locally elected officials charged with the supervision and administration of the New Poor Law within their Poor Law Unions	Poor Law Guardian	0%
Those officials (in the North of England) whom opposed building workhouses as they were not an efficient solution to the fluctuating demand caused by cyclical depression in industrial areas	Poor Law Guardian	0%
A group of parishes sharing a workhouse, established by the New Poor Law	Poor Law Union	0%
Those unions of parishes that often found themselves financially unable or just unwilling to build a workhouse	Poor Law Union	0%
A tax levied on property in each parish used in the provision of poor relief	Poor Rate	0%
Support given to paupers locally, either as outdoor or indoor relief	Poor Relief	0%
That which the likes of Seymour Drescher and James Walvin argued was more important in many parts of the country than evangelicals and non-conformists in pressuring for abolition	Popular Secular Radicalism	0%
The practice turned to by some ship owners during the wars with France as a result of its quicker turnover of profit compared to the slave trade	Privateering	0%
The factor by which the poor rate increased in the forty years following 1785	Quadrupled	0%
A religious group founded in 1650 that was early to advocate for the abolition of the slave trade, more formally known as the Society of Friends	Quakers	0%
That denomination which petitioned Parliament in 1783 to abolish the slave trade as a result of the Zong Massacre	Quakers	0%
The religious group that passed a resolution in 1727 condemning slavery and the slave trade at their London meeting	Quakers	0%
A former slave, freed after the Somersett Case, leader of London's African community, and the first African to demand an end to the slave trade in 1787 - though likely with the held of Olaudah Equiano	Quobna Ottobah Cugoano (1757 - after 1791)	0%
A factory reformed and opponent of slavery who argued that the ruling class had a duty to protect the vulnerable, losing his job and spending time in debtors prison due to advocating strikes and sabotage over factory conditions and the New Poor Law	Richard Oastler (1789 - 1861)	0%
The factory reformer who believed the solution to poverty lied in giving people the opportunity to improve themselves through cooperation	Robert Owen (1771 - 1858)	0%
A variation of the Old Poor Law which saw the parish auction the labour of paupers to local farmers, those paupers then being paid accordingly	Roundsman System	0%
A social reformer and author of 'Self Help' in 1859, which argued that if people were given the self belief, means, and ability, they would improve and lift themselves out of poverty	Samuel Smiles (1812 - 1904)	0%
A 1795 - 96 conflict in which some Jamaican Maroons (descendants of escaped slaves living in the Jamaican interior) and rebellious slaves fought unsuccessfully against the British and their own Maroon allies in a destructive guerrilla war	Second Maroon War	0%
A non-religious movement seeking fundamental change and reform	Secular Radicalism	0%
An American historian and writer of 'Econocide: British Slavery in the Era of Abolition' which emphasised humanitarian, evangelical, and individual pressures over Eric William's 'crude Marxism' (as historian Boyd Hilton put it)	Seymour Drescher	0%
A baronet and writer who argued that the poor law encouraged laziness and improvidence	Sir Frederick Eden, 2nd Baronet of Maryland (1766 - 1809)	0%
A 1780 plan for how to regulate and then suppress the slave trade and eventually slavery itself in the West Indies by Edmund Burke, public posthumously, though espousing views people knew he held beforehand	Sketch of a Negro Code	0%
A 1799 act that limited overcrowding on slave ships by making permanent the annually passed Dolben Act	Slave Regulation Act	0%
An 1833 act that abolished the institution of slavery throughout the British Empire	Slavery Abolition Act	0%
An 1807 act that outlawed the slave trade and gave cause to Great Britain to use its influence to pressure other nations to do the same	Slave Trade Act	0%
A society founded in 1787 by nine Quakers and three Anglicans to lead an abolitionist campaign against the slave trade, the inclusion of Anglicans designed in such a way as to better influence Parliament	Society for the Abolition of the Slave Trade	0%
An abolitionist group of educated Africans in London, closely linked to the Society for the Abolition of the Slave Trade	Sons of Africa	0%
The variation of the Old Poor Law criticised for removing any incentive farmers had to pay higher wages, and its somewhat higher cost - causing an increase in the poor rate	Speenhamland System	0%
A variation of the Old Poor Law used in some Southern and Eastern parishes modelled on that begun in Speen, Berkshire in 1795, that subsidised agricultural wages relative to bread prices and the number of people in a family	Speenhamland System	0%
The French colony in which the large and vital sugar industry collapsed in 1792 as a result of a large slave rebellion	St. Domingue	0%
A slave rebellion, the short-term impact of which was to cause opposition to abolitionism due to fears of it causing instability, but the long-term impact of which was to encourage abolitionist support out of a pragmatic concern for such rebellions occurring in British colonies, especially at a time of war	St. Domingue Rebellion	0%
An able bodied person who refused work	Sturdy Beggar	0%
A work by Friedrich Engels which heavily criticised the New Poor Law amongst other things	The Condition of the Working Class in England	0%
Either of the two regions in which agricultural wages were higher due to competition for labour from industry	The North of England and the Midlands	0%
Any of the three Friendly Societies which together had over 800,000 members by the 1870's	The 'Oddfellows', 'Manchester Unity', and the 'Ancient Order of Foresters'	0%
A commitment to avoid alcohol by members of the temperance movement	The Pledge	0%
The name contemporaneously given to the Clapham Sect (1780's to 1840's)	The Saints	0%
The founder of a number of homes for destitute children, beginning in 1870	Thomas Barnardo (1845 - 1905)	0%
The leading thinker of his day and an ardent critic of workhouses and the New Poor Law	Thomas Carlyle (1795 - 1881)	0%
An abolitionist and evangelical, co-founder of the 'Society for the Abolition of the Slave Trade', and writer of 'A Summary View of the Slave Trade', who engaged in high profile publicity campaigns, using artefacts and visuals to humanise Africans and encourage empathy such as African art and spices, as well as chains, whips, and a model of a slave ship (based on the slave ship 'Brookes')	Thomas Clarkson (1760 - 1846)	0%
A political economist who argued for complete abolition of the poor law, allowing people to move for work under better wages	Thomas Malthus (1766 - 1834)	0%
The radical reformer who believed inadequate government support to be the cause of poverty	Thomas Paine (1737 - 1809)	0%
The 'party' that disliked the New Poor Law due to its centralisation removing the power of local citizens over community affairs, and it running counter to their paternalistic principles	Tory	0%
The three way trade of; manufactured goods from Great Britain to West Africa to purchase slaves for the West Indies and the Americas, to producer sugar and other commodities for Great Britain	Triangular Trade	0%
A home for women who were homeless or had turned to prostitution founded in 1847 by Angela Burdett-Coutts and Charles Dickens	Urania Cottage	0%
A small but powerful London based federation of planters and merchants which lobbied fiercely to Parliament and government in defence of the slave trade between 1787 and 1807	West India Lobby	0%
The founder of the Salvation Army	William Booth (1829 - 1912)	0%
An overseer who supported calls for humanitarian reform of the Old Poor Law	William Hale	0%
He who set up a Committee of the Privy Council to investigate the slave trade in 1788	William Pitt the Younger	0%
The school of thought that argues that the established plantations of Barbados and Jamaica, already having a plentiful population of slaves, wanted abolition of the slave trade as it would suppress competition from foreign colonies as well as newer British ones like Guiana and Trinidad which remained more reliant of slave imports	Williams School	0%
An abolitionist and staunch evangelical MP (1780 - 1825) who - from 1787 - led the parliamentary campaign for abolition of the slave trade with the support of Charles James Fox, Edmund Burke, and Prime Ministers William Pitt the Younger and Lord Grenville	William Wilberforce (1759 - 1833)	0%
The demographic that was particularly active in promoting the West Indian sugar boycott	Women	0%
A never universally implemented condition of the 1834 Poor Law Amendment Act, that anyone who wanted poor relief must enter a workhouse, the premise of which first appeared in Knatchbull's Act	Workhouse Test	0%
An 1858 group that made unofficial inspections of workhouses	Workhouse Visiting Society	0%
A little publicised 1781 case in which the insurers of a slave ship - which had thrown 132 slaves overboard for fear of running out of provisions - was absolved of paying due to the crews irresponsibility in stocking too little water	Zong Case	0%