Statistics for Edexcel Politics 6. Socialism and Nationalism

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Answer Stats

Question or Term	Answer	% Correct
A clause of the Labour Party's 1918 constitution, committing it to 'common ownership' of the economy through - under the influence of Beatrice Webb - democratic channels	Clause IV	100%
The foundational and progressive branch of nationalism which saw the nation as a necessary prerequisite to a liberal state, promoting civic nationalism, liberal internationalism, and self determination	Liberal Nationalism	100%
That which is deemed so complex as it spreads across various ideologies, such as fascism in Nazi Germany and socialism in Castro's Cuba	Nationalism	100%
That branch of socialism usually identified with communism that seeks the establishment of socialism by means of revolution	Revolutionary Socialism	100%
A form of revisionist socialism defined by its support for free market capitalism and equality of opportunity as they encourage growth, thereby increasing tax revenues for public spending to further economic equality alongside legislation to promote political and cultural equality	Third Way or Neo-Revisionism	100%
A German revolutionary socialist who believed global revolution would come spontaneously from the masses leading to a democracy underpinned by collectivist principles rather than a dictatorship of the proletariat	Rosa Luxemburg (1871 - 1919)	75%
A form of expansionist nationalism and extreme patriotism which sees one nation's characteristics as superior to all others, such as de Gaulle's France	Chauvinism	67%
Where private property is abolished, all resources being under state control, with everyone giving according to ability and receiving according to need rather than contribution	Communism	67%
A form of fundamental socialism defined by its rejection of revolution in favour of evolution, and a criticism of too greater permissiveness of capitalism	Democratic Socialism	50%
A classical revisionist socialist who emphasised the improvement of living conditions wrought by capitalism in the late 19th century, therefore causing him to promote evolutionary socialism	Eduard Bernstein (1850 - 1932)	50%
A social democratic idea of equality that people should begin on a level playing field, inequalities being the result of meritocratic forces alone	Equality of Opportunity	50%
Classical socialist thinkers who believed capitalism had corrupted human nature and caused class conflict with the help of a self-interested state, thereby requiring a revolution by a new dictatorship of the proletariat, in alphabetical order	Friedrich Engels (1820 - 1895) and Karl Marx (1818 - 1883)	50%
A national movement seeking to claim or reclaim territory deemed historically, culturally, &c. integral to the country	Irredentism	50%
A form of fundamental socialism defined by its rejection of a need for a certain amount of capitalist development, and its belief in democratic centralism	Marxism-Leninism or Orthodox Communism	50%
A strong sense of attachment to and pride in the state in which one lives	Patriotism	50%
A form of revisionist socialism that is defined by a view that social justice can be achieved through humanising capitalism	Social Democracy	50%
A term by Johann Herder for the spirit that binds people together, being cultural, historical, intellectual, &c.	Volksgeist	50%
A statement of principles for peace after the First World War by Woodrow Wilson which among other things, promoted the liberal nationalist right to statehood for nations in reference to the peoples of Austria Hungary and the Ottoman Empire	Fourteen Points	33%
A Swiss-French liberal nationalist who developed the idea of the nation (based around general will) as a unifier of free peoples, opposed to authoritative monarchs	Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712 - 1778)	33%
A Jamaican black nationalist, racialist, and pan-Africanist who originally promoted resettlement of African Americans in Africa, though after the dismal results in Liberia, promoted education and improvement for Africans wherever they may be, particularly in the USA	Marcus Garvey (1887 - 1940)	33%
A belief that rejects nationalism in favour of common class solidarity, i.e. 'the working man has no country'	Socialist Internationalism	33%
That which moved away from collectivism due to it believing it fostered a dependency culture	Third Way	33%
A branch of nationalism that emphasises common culture and history as central to the nation, promoting patriotism, exclusive nationalism, and imperialism	Conservative Nationalism	25%
A Marxist idea of equality that everyone should receive the same rewards for a broadly equal contribution, guaranteed through the abolition of private property, common ownership of the means of production, and state control over distribution	Absolute Equality	0%
Those two seminal events in which liberal nationalism found its popular roots, in alphabetical order	American Revolution and French Revolution	0%
A Labour minister and social democrat who espoused Keynesian economics, state ownership of strategic industries only, comprehensive education (no grammar schools), and a focus on equality rather than collectivism	Anthony Crosland (1918 - 1977)	0%
A practioner and pioneer of the Third Way who emphasised the free market (though seeking state funding of infrastructure and education), as well as equality of opportunity to address the fracturing of formerly industrial, now service-based communities	Anthony Giddens (1938 - Present)	0%
A nationalist movement emphasising resistance to control by a foreign power	Anti-Colonial Nationalism	0%
An early democratic socialist who saw capitalism as corrupting, requiring state intervention and trade unionism to overcome it, though via constitutional and reformist means	Beatrice Webb (1858 - 1943)	0%
A belief introduced by Marcus Garvey that sought to foster a multinational, racialist identity among Africans across the world, becoming a black supremacist and racist movement under the likes of Malcolm X	Black Nationalism	0%
A French ultra-conservative nationalist and nativist who opposed liberal ideology, supporting monarchy, Catholicism, and above all the nation as integral to forming a powerful collective identity	Charles Maurras (1868 - 1952)	0%
Where national identity is focussed around the institutions and ideals of the state such as in the US Constitution due to no shared history as is often encouraged of immigrants in the form of citizenship tests	Civic Nationalism	0%
A socialist concept of a by-product of capitalism in which people - particularly the proletariat - developed awareness of their position in the class system, leading to class conflict and revolution	Class Consciousness	0%
The first detailed form of fundamental socialism defined by the beliefs of Marx and Engels in the Marxist dialectic, class consciousness, and historical materialism	Classical Marxism	0%
The formerly dominant socialist principle of placing greater emphasis on group priority and ownership over that of the individual	Collectivism	0%
Those factors that have been the two most significant barriers to the creation of nation-states in alphabetical order	Colonialism and Imperialism	0%
The socialist idea that humans are naturally cooperative, seeking to serve the common good, as evidenced by welfarism, the cooperative movement, &c.	Common Humanity	0%
The idea that nationalism is based on shared cultural and societal values, leading to support for patriotism and citizenship based upon cultural assimilation	Culturalism	0%
The idea of a shared culture being foundational to a nations organic unity, seeking either a liberal protection of a culture as in Wales or the expansion and dominance of a culture as in Nazi Germany	Cultural Nationalism	0%
The five foundational common identities of nationalism in alphabetical order	Culture, Ethnicity, Geography, Language, and Religion	0%
A Leninist process in which there would be one party, in which open discussion could occur, its decisions embodying the will of the people, making further debate anti-revolutionary, criticised as being the source of much repression	Democratic Centralism	0%
The classical Marxist view of a transitional phase between revolution and communism	Dictatorship of the Proletariat	0%
That which Marxism believes should be based on common ownership of the means of production and property so as to end social conflict	Economy	0%
That which social democracy believes should be centred on a managed form of capitalism, preserving its ability to raise living standards while reducing its trend towards inequality	Economy	0%
That which socialists believe is the basis for social class, requiring central planning and control so that wealth and resources are allocated more equitably	Economy	0%
That period during which nationalism arose due to it offering a way of uniting people in political communities and under governments without the institution of monarchy	Enlightenment	0%
A Marxist idea of equality that rewards should be based upon contribution, with general economic conditions being alike	Equality of Outcome	0%
A social democratic idea of equality that all are entitled to an equal minimum standard of living, guaranteed through state welfare provision	Equality of Welfare	0%
A group that identifies with another, usually around culture, history, language, ancestry, &c.	Ethnic Group	0%
A form of revisionist socialism defined by its proposal to create a socialist counter-culture by partaking in and moulding existing political and cultural institutions	Eurocommunism	0%
A conservative nationalist belief that it takes time for one to belong to a nation, for which they should abandon their customs and assimilate	Exclusive Nationalism	0%
A form of nationalism that seeks the enlargement of a nation into and across other territories, such as imperialism	Expansionist Nationalism	0%
A form of radical nationalism in which the interests of the individual are entirely subservient to those of the nation-state, often as embodied in its leader	Fascism	0%
The seminal socialist belief that human society should be marked by comradeship, cooperation, and solidarity, rather than competition and opposition	Fraternity	0%
That which only differs from revolutionary socialism in that it does not necessarily see revolution as the only way of achieving socialism, as in the case of the likes of Beatrice Webb	Fundamental Socialism	0%
An idea by Jean Jacques Rousseau of the collective will of the people as a whole, criticsed by some as a tyranny of the majority	General Will	0%
An Italian republican who emphasised a spiritual and religious foundation to national identity, with the interests of the nation being paramount over those of the individual	Giuseppe Mazzini (1805 - 1872)	0%
The classical Marxist view of history as a series of stages defined by clashes of economic ideas as to the production and distribution of resources	Historical Materialism	0%
That which nationalism considers to be based on common identity, through which people establish their own systems and value	Human Nature	0%
That which socialists view optimistically by seeing it as malleable, cooperative, altruistic, and fraternal, though these attributes having been diluted by capitalism	Human Nature	0%
That which liberal nationalism is said to be due to it viewing common values as the unifying factor of the nation, accepting anyone who shares those common values and thus accepting multiculturalism and diversity	Inclusive	0%
That period that was seminal in the birth of socialism, though earlier forms did exist	Industrial Revolution	0%
A democratic socialist view of Beatrice Webb's that voters, having no vested interest in capitalism, would elect socialist governments which would lead to a gradual development and progress of socialism	Inevitability of Gradualism	0%
The belief that common societal interests can be advanced by the world uniting across boundaries	Internationalism	0%
A German conservative nationalist who promoted culture and above all language as the unifier of people into a 'volk', of which each has its own values, opposed to a universal standard as in liberalism	Johann Gottfried von Herder (1744 - 1803)	0%
The idea that liberalism is a universal human value, thus advocating intervention in non-liberal states and the promotion of liberalism through international cooperation such as the EU of UN	Liberal Internationalism	0%
That which believes that a ruling class has always exploited the ruled, requiring the proletariat to overthrow and abolish class itself	Marxism	0%
The historicist Marxist and fundamental socialist view that an existing stage/thesis (bourgeoisie) would be challenged by an antithesis (proletariat) leading to a reversal of roles and ultimately synthesis (communist society)	Marxist Dialectic	0%
A form of expansionist nationalism which seeks to recreate past glories by unifying people around the armed forces as in 1930's Imperial Japan	Militarism	0%
That the origin of which is as a term denoting people who share common circumstances of birth	Nation	0%
A self identifying group sharing characteristics such as culture, language, values, traditions, religion, and history	Nation	0%
The two core ideas on which the nationalist view of the state rests in alphabetical order	Nation-State and Self-Determination	0%
A 20th century incarnation of conservative nationalism that places the interests of indigenous people above later immigrant groups	Nativism	0%
A form of fundamental socialism defined by its return to the revolutionary ideas of classical Marxism, believing that evolutionary socialism would always be manipulated and suppressed away by the existing elite	Neo-Marxism	0%
The form taken by nationalism in the UK, as a force to unite disparate peoples and classes rather than seek liberation or territorial unification	One Nation Conservatism	0%
A form of expansionist nationalism desiring to unite people with some form of actual or perceived common identity from across different states such as Pan-Arabism	Pan-Nationalism	0%
That type of economy which socialists argue is more stable and manageable than its alternatives, thus reducing cyclical unemployment and other harms caused by the trade cycle	Planned Economy	0%
Nationalism within areas formerly under foreign control seeking to unite indistinct peoples into one national identity, often via leadership cults, socialist nationalism, or religion, often Islam	Post-Colonial Nationalism	0%
That issue on which early forms of socialism most disagreed with liberalism, believing it to be unjust and a cause of conflict and avarice	Private Ownership	0%
That economic policy closely associated with nativism due to its desire to safeguard domestic industries, prioritise indigenous interests, and protect native culture	Protectionism	0%
A controversial way of categorising people based on physical or genetic characteristics	Race	0%
A form of expansionist nationalism predicated on a drive to seize foreign territory based on notions of racial superiority, such as Nazi Germany	Racial Conquest	0%
The minority belief that national identity is determined by fixed biological factors, with people belonging to separate 'races' with different natures	Racialism	0%
Discrimination, oppression, or suppression based upon the belief that a certain race is superior to others	Racism	0%
Where the nation is seen as the most logical way of dividing people into stable political communities, with the nation serving the state	Rational Nationalism	0%
A synthesis of nationalism and popular democracy	Republicanism	0%
A form of evolutionary socialism believing that socialism can be achieved without revolution or the destruction of capitalism	Revisionist Socialism	0%
Those two revolutionary waves that struck Europe in the 19th century, much due to a growth in nationalist sentiment	Revolutions of 1830 and Revolutions of 1848	0%
Where culture, language, and history provide an emotional attachment to the idea of a nation, which the state exists to serve	Romantic Nationalism	0%
Those two individuals in alphabetical order who disagreed with Karl Marx in that they believed that socialist revolution could arise in economically underdeveloped societies	Rosa Luxemburg and Vladimir Lenin	0%
The process by which most nation-states have come about	Self-Determination	0%
The idea that a nation should decide how it's governed, based on assumptions of the nation as a united political community that knows what is in its own national interest and is capable of self government	Self Determination	0%
That which believes class differences are impossible to eliminate and thus must be reduced by promoting greater harmony through the lessening of inequalities	Social Democracy	0%
That, the five principles of which are; collectivism, common humanity, equality, social class, and workers' control	Socialism	0%
A movement that seeks to synthesise nationalism and socialism by making the latter the central facet of national identity, making those who oppose socialism unpatriotic and dangerous as in Castro's Cuba or North Korea	Socialist Nationalism	0%
That which socialists believe is centred on class (much defined at birth), on which people's lives and their potential is determined	Society	0%
That which social democracy believes is undermined by inequality, class or otherwise, requiring welfarism, education, and social justice	Society	0%
That which Marxism believes to be dominated by class conflict, requiring cohesion and equality to address it	Society	0%
That which socialists believe should be strong and centralised, while not being dominated by any one individual or group so as to guarantee equality and reduce privilege	The State	0%
That which social democracy believes should be limited to social and economic intervention with a mind to reducing inequality and providing welfare	The State	0%
That which Marxism believes is dominated by those in power and thus must be allowed to wither away as a result of collectivism, and an equal classless society	The State	0%
That democratic socialist and Labour politician who suggested withdrawing from the 'capitalist' European Economic Community, abolishing the House of Lords, increasing socialist power in the Commons, strengthening of trade unions, and greater power for party members to make the party more ideological and less vulnerable to non-socialist influence	Tony Benn	0%
The two countries in which social democracy developed during the 1940's and 1950's in alphabetical order	United Kingdom and West Germany	0%
The trend in the number of countries over the last century	Upwards	0%
Those socialists such as Robert Owen who emphasised cooperation and communal ownership, considered naive by Marx	Utopian Socialists	0%
That over the economy which Marxists and social democrats differ on as to whether it should be total or merely via participation/partnership respectively	Worker Control	0%
The prime example of geography as a central focus of nationalism	Zionism	0%