Hint
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Answer
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When was the 'Thaw' period?
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1953 to 1956
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When did Stalin die?
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March 1953
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Who was included in the collective leadership afterwards?
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Malenkov, Khrushchev and Bulganin
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What did Malenkov realise?
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The benefits in adopting a less hard line confrontational approach
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What was this approach called?
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The new approach
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What was this approach based upon?
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The downfall of Capitalism being inevitable
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What did Khrushchev rename this approach to?
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Peaceful Coexistance
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What was the focus economically for the USSR?
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To focus spending within Russia and to reduce spending on military security
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Define Peaceful Coexistence
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To defeat Capitalism without the use of war through defeating them overtime
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Did Khrushchev want to maintain a firm grip on satellite states?
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Yes
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What did Khrushchev want with the future of Germany?
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A weak Germany
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What was the impact on the Arms Race?
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The USSR must keep expanding its nuclear capability
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What did Khrushchev want to happen with international tension?
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To be defused and care taken to not provoke the USA
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Was Peaceful Coexistence intended to end the Cold War?
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No
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What 3 events impacted Peaceful Coexistence
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Austrian State Treaty, Geneva Summit, Paris Summit
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When was the Austrian State Treaty?
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May 1955
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Who attended the Austrian State Treaty?
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USSR, USA, UK and France
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What was the result of this treaty?
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Led to the withdrawal of all occupying powers in Austria and it would be a neutral state
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Whose forces were removed from West Germany?
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Western powers
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Was this successful in achieving Peaceful Coexistence?
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It removed a major source of political conflict
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When was the Geneva Summit?
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September 1955
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Who attended the Geneva Summit?
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USA, UK and the USSR
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Why did Khrushchev feel the summit was necessary?
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Germany was admitted into NATO and rearmament began
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What was discussed in the Geneva Summit?
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The 'Open Skies' proposal and the future of Germany
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What was the Open Skies proposal?
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For each side to provide details of military instillations and to allow aerial reconnaisance
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Whose idea was this proposal?
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Eisenhower
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What was the outcome of the Open Skies proposal?
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Khrushchev rejected the proposal
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What did Eisenhower propose about the future of Germany?
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A reunified Germany with free elections and it's own freedom
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What was needed for Khrushchev to want reunification?
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Germany to be demilitarised and neutral
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What did Khrushchev refuse to discuss?
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The future of Eastern Bloc states
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What was agreed at the Summit?
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A principle of free elections in Germany
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Why did this never come to fruition?
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No procedures were set up to make it become reality
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What was successful from the Geneva Summit?
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Marked the beginning of dialogue and the foundations of peaceful coexistence were in place
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What was unsuccessful from the Geneva Summit?
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Nothing was directly implemented
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When did Khrushchev make the Secret Speech?
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February 1956
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What did Khrushchev do in the Secret Speech?
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He denounced Stalin
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What happened in Hungary after the speech?
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Calls fot democratisation and a revolt against soviet control.
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When did the Hungary Revolution occur?
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October 1956
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How was the situation in Hungary resolved?
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Brutal suppression from the Soviets
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What did this show to the West?
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Khrushchev wasn't a liberal leader and it undermined peaceful coexistence
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When were the Camp David talks?
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September 1959
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Why was the Camp David talks notable?
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Khrushchev was the first Soviet leader to visit the USA
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What was discussed at Camp David?
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The disarmament and the situation of Berlin
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What was agreed at Camp David?
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To settle international issues through diplomacy rather than force
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What did the visit woresen?
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The Sino-Soviet relationship
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When was the Paris Summit?
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May 1960
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Who attended the Paris Summit?
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The leaders of the USSR and the USA
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Why did the Summit collapse?
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An American U2 spy plane was shot down over the Soviet Union
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What was the impact on the Sino-Soviet relationship from this?
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Khrushchev was able to calm opposition from China
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Why was the Sino-Soviet relationship going to inevitably get worse?
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Khrushchev was committed to Peaceful Coexistence which annoyed the Chinese
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Why did Khrushchev's plans to prohibit nuclear weapons in the Pacific and Germany fail?
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China announced that they wouldn't take part in these agreements
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When did Kennedy take over office?
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January 1961
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