Condensed matter Physics

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Last updated: May 14, 2023

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First submitted	May 14, 2023
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Hint	Answer
crystal	any solid with a repeated structure
Wigner seitz cell	region about a lattice point that is closer to that lattice point than any other
bloch's theorem	the eigenfunction of the wave equation for a periodic potential is the product of a plane wave and the potential that has the periodicity of the crystal
Brillouin zone	equivalent to a Wigner Seitz cell in reciprocal space
effective mass	apparent mass of a particle when responding to forces
carrier mobility	ability of a charge carrier to move through a material in response to an electric field
hole	empty state in valence band due to excitation of an electron into the conduction band
fermi energy	the highest occupied electron state at absolute zero temperature
pauli exclusion principle	no 2 electrons can share the same set of quantum numbers
Matthiessen rule	total relaxation times is dependent on different sources (defects, impurities and phonons)
lattice vector	a vector that describes the translational periodicity of a lattice
insulator	in a filled band as many electrons move to the left as to the right
metal	incomplete band filling creates a Fermi surface, electric field shifts Fermi surface so not as many electrons are moving to the left as the right
fermi surface	surface in reciprocal space that separates filled and unfilled states at absolute zero

Hint	Answer
phonon	a quantum of energy
heat capacity	amount of energy a material can store per kelvin
umklapp process	requires high energy phonons, direction of total linear momentum is reversed, responsible for heat resistance
normal process	total linear momentum conserved, no heat resistance
wiedemann-franz law	assuming scattering times are the same, 2 transport processes are only different by heat capacity and charge
doping	adding/removing an electron from a semi conductor
substitution	one atomic species is swapped for another
depletion region	electrons and holes recombine with each other resulting in no net charge carriers
diffusion current	majority carrier diffuse into minority region and recombine with majority carriers
drift current	thermally generated minority carriers drift into the majority region, swept by built in e field
work function	distance between fermi level and vacuum level
transistor	a pair of p-n junctions
recombination	union of electron and hole to return to a neutral state