Duration
|
Size (sq mi)
|
Location
|
Empire
|
1415 to 1999
|
2,100,000
|
Worldwide
|
Portuguese Empire
|
4th century BC
|
2,010,000
|
Africa, Asia and Europe
|
Macedonian Empire
|
1299 to 1923
|
2,010,000
|
Africa, Asia and Europe
|
Ottoman Empire
|
27 BC to 476 AD
|
1,930,000
|
Africa, Asia and Europe
|
Roman Empire
|
323 BC to 184 BC
|
1,930,000
|
Asia
|
Maurya Empire
|
618 to 842
|
1,780,000
|
Asia
|
Tibetan Empire
|
916 to 1125
|
1,740,000
|
Asia
|
Liao dynasty
|
1370 to 1507
|
1,700,000
|
Asia
|
Timurid Empire
|
909 to 1171
|
1,580,000
|
Africa, Asia and Europe
|
Fatimid Caliphate
|
581 to 650
|
1,540,000
|
Asia
|
Eastern Turkic Khaganate
|
440s to 710
|
1,540,000
|
Asia
|
Hephthalite Empire
|
370 to 469
|
1,540,000
|
Eurasia
|
Hunnic Empire
|
1526 to 1540, 1555 to 1857
|
1,540,000
|
Asia
|
Mughal Empire
|
1037 to 1194
|
1,510,000
|
Asia
|
Seljuk Empire
|
312 BC to 63 BC
|
1,510,000
|
Asia
|
Seleucid Empire
|
1882 to 1960
|
1,466,000
|
Africa, Asia and Europe
|
Italian Colonial Empire
|
1256 to 1353
|
1,450,000
|
Asia
|
Ilkhanate
|
1077 to 1231
|
1,390,000
|
Asia
|
Khwarazmian Empire
|
1226 to 1347 (and breakaway khanates up until 1705)
|
1,350,000
|
Asia
|
Chagatai Khanate
|
3rd century to 543
|
1,350,000
|
Asia
|
Gupta Empire
|
|