Hint
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Answer
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Small stones, pebbles and silt bounce along the sea bed
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Saltation
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Coast that has been inundated by the sea
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Submergent
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The shape and form of coastal landscapes and their features
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Morphology
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Natural breaks in strata caused by gaps in time during rock formation
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Bedding planes
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Fine materials such as clay and sediment are carried by the sea
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Suspension
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When cliff profiles are composed of alkaline rocks, weak acids in seawater can dissolve them
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Corrosion
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Where inputs = outputs
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Dynamic Equilibrium
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Energy and matter can enter and leave the system
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Open
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Gradual breakdown of rock at, or close to the ground surface
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Weathering
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Upward folds in rock strata
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Anticlines
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Energy and matter cannot enter or leave the system
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Closed
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When top soil thaws in the summer, saturated soil below flows over the subsoil and rock
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Solifluction
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Coast that has been exposed by the sea due to a relative fall in sea level
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Emergent
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Waves force air to be trapped in cracks within the cliff profile. Constant pressure causes the rock to crack and break apart
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Hydraulic Action
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Saturated soil and rock flows downhill under gravity
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Mudflow
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Type of rock formed under pressure with very slow erosion rates
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Igneous
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As pieces of rock material are transported by waves, rock particles are worn down
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Attrition
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The movement of weathered material down a slope as a result of gravity
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Mass Movement
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The balance between sediment added to, and removed from the coastal system
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Sediment Budget
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Formed when pressure exceeds the rocks internal strength causing it to fracture
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Faults
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Type of rock formed only under pressure with moderate to fast erosion rates
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Sedimentary
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Large boulders and pebbles are rolled along the sea bed
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Traction
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Caused by contraction when sediment dries out
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Joints
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When erosional processes are selective and erode weaker areas of cliff quicker than others
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Differential Erosion
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The angle at which the rock strata lies
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Dips
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Downward folds in rock strata
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Synclines
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Cliffs with different layers of rock, possibly formed from different time periods
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Composite cliffs
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Pebbles and sand are consistently thrown at the base of the cliff
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Abrasion
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Occurs after weathering. Rocks fall to the cliff base and forms scree
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Rockfall
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Physical features of rocks, usually formed through tectonic activity
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Structure
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Type of rock formed under pressure and heat with slow ersosion rates
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Metamorphic
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A combination of lithology and structure affecting the rate of process
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Differential Denundation
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Word meaning 'over time'
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Temporal
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Layers of rock
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Strata
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A view showing the layout of a landscape from above
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Plan
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Very slow downhill movement of individual particles
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Soil creep
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Dissolved minerals are carried by the sea
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Solution
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The cross sectional shape of a coastline
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Profile
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The movement of material along a coast by waves approaching the beach at an angle
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Longshore Drift
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The general characteristics of the rocks in a particular area
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Lithology
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Saturated rock and sediment 'slumps' downwards under rotational movement
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Slumping
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Formed under pressure duting tectonic activity, making rocks buckle and crumble
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Folds
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