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AGK 021 & 022

P55
Quiz by JoonaT
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Last updated: September 12, 2022
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1. The battery master switch should be turned to OFF after the engine is stopped to avoid the battery discharging through the:
Magnetos. ✓
Electrical services connected to it. ✓
Ignition switch. ✓
Alternator or generator. ✓
2. In the aircraft tanks, fuel is most likely to be contaminated by water from:
Contamination during re-fuelling. ✓
Leaks in the tanks that have let in rain. ✓
Poorly fitting fuel caps. ✓
Atmospheric air remaining in the tanks. ✓
3. Why do aircraft engine ignition systems incorporate a means of spark augmentation?
Because the speed of rotation of the engine, during starting, is too low for the magneto to produce enough energy to ignite the air-fuel mixture. ✓
In order to overcome the problem of spark-retard during starting. ✓
All answers are correct. ✓
Because, at high engine speeds, a fat spark is needed to extract maximum power from the air-fuel mixture. ✓
4. Where, in an aircraft engine fuel system, is the electric fuel-boost pump normally fitted?
Between the mechanical fuel pump and the carburettor. ✓
At the highest point of the fuel tank. ✓
Immediately adjacent to the mechanical fuel pump. ✓
At the lowest point of the fuel tank. ✓
5. Blade angle ____ from the hub to the tip of a propeller blade in order to maintain an optimal ____ from hub to tip.
Increases, Angle of Attack. ✓
Increases, Effective Pitch. ✓
Decreases, Geometric Pitch. ✓
Decreases, Angle of Attack. ✓
6. If a flight is made from an area of high pressure into an area of low pressure without the altimeter setting being adjusted, the aircraft true altitude:
Will be unreliable. ✓
Increases. ✓
Decreases. ✓
Stays unchanged. ✓
7. What would be the indication of an aircraft altimeter if the pilot fails to set QNH during descent, and therefore lives the instrument set to the standard pressure?
The airport elevation. ✓
The airport heigh above the pressure plane 1013.2 hPa. ✓
The indication is not usable. ✓
Zero. ✓
8. While taxying in an aircraft fitted with a fixed pitch propeller, you suspect that you have carburettor icing. The correct action to take would be to:
Select carburettor heat to fully hot; then select cold as the rpm drops. ✓
Avoid the use of carburettor heat on the ground, and rely on the heat of the engine within the cowlings to melt the ice. ✓
Select carburettor heat to fully hot. Then, before take-off, select carburettor heat cold, making sure that the engine develops the correct minimum take-off rpm. ✓
Select carburettor heat to fully hot and leave this setting selected until you have taken off and are climbing away. ✓
9. If a pilot changes the altimeter setting to a lower pressure, the altitude indication will:
Increase. ✓
Unreliable. ✓
Decrease. ✓
Stay unchanged. ✓
10. The power output of an internal combustion engine can be increased by:
Increasing the engine R.P.M. ✓
Decreasing the length of the stroke. ✓
Decreasing the area of the cylinder. ✓
Increasing the size of the fuel tank. ✓
11. Detonation is:
Part of normal engine running ✓
Harmful to the pistons. ✓
Cannot be identified externally. ✓
Also known as 'piston slap'. ✓
12. A reciprocating aviation engine develops the highest power:
In level flight at low altitude. ✓
At high altitudes. ✓
During takeoff. ✓
During takeoff with full RPM. ✓
13. Oil in a reciprocating engine serves:
For lubricating and cooling of the engine. ✓
For quiet engine operating only. ✓
As additive for proper fuel/air which burns in the cylinders. ✓
To increase mixture combustion temperature in the cylinders. ✓
14. To assist in reducing the temperature of the engine:
The air-fuel mixture can be weakened. ✓
The air-fuel mixture can be richened. ✓
The cowl flaps can be closed. ✓
The airspeed can be reduced. ✓
15. A Direction lndicator:
Suffers from apparent drift of the gyro from the fixed position in space to which it was aligned, produced by Earth rotation. ✓
Is not affected by drift produced from mechanical friction in the gyro gimbal bearings. ✓
Provides a stable reference in azimuth and elevation for maintaining accurate headings and pitch attitudes. ✓
Is badly affected by acceleration in a turn. ✓
16. When an aircraft is in flight, the pressure sensed by the forward facing hole in the pitot tube is:
Total pressure plus dynamic pressure. ✓
Dynamic pressure plus static pressure. ✓
Static pressure only. ✓
Dynamic pressure only. ✓
17. What will be the consequence for the validity of an aircraft's arworthiness f the aircraft is not maintained in accordance with the approved maintenance schedule detailed in the Certificate of Airworthiness ( C of A)?
The C of A will be rendered invalid until such time as the required maintenance is completed. ✓
The aircraft owner must apply to the CAA for an exemption from the required maintenance schedule. ✓
The C of A must be renewed before the aircraft may fly. ✓
The validity of the C of A will not be affected. ✓
18. On your instrument panel, the suction gauge is showing system failure. However, the gyrodriven instruments appear to be functioning normally, and the Low Vacuum Warning Light is off. Where do you think the problem lies?
With the Low Vacuum Warning Light. ✓
In the gyro driven instruments. ✓
In the suction gauge. ✓
In the suction system. ✓
19. Carbon monoxide gas, which is highly toxic, may enter the aeroplane cabin in flight because of an exhaust system defect. Carbon Monoxide:
Is odourless and colourless. ✓
May be identified by its grey colour. ✓
Has a very distinctive taste. ✓
May be identified by its strong smell. ✓
20. If primary structure breaks during the flight it causes:
Does not cause immediate danger ✓
Does not have an effect on aviation safety ✓
Changes the load factor category one step lower ✓
An instant accident ✓
21. The correct working cycle of a four stroke engine is:
Induction, power, compression, exhaust. ✓
Induction, compression, power, exhaust. ✓
Exhaust power induction, compression. ✓
Exhaust, induction, power, compression. ✓
22. Which of the following is an appropriate action to take if you have a carburettor fire on startup?
Select mixture control to Idle Cut Off (ICO). ✓
All answers are correct. ✓
Turn the starter switch to "Off". ✓
Deselect carburettor heat. ✓
23. If set to QNH, what will be aircraft altimeter reading after landing?
Airfield height above the pressure plane 1013,2 hPa. ✓
Airfield pressure altitude above the standard value. ✓
Zero. ✓
Airfield height above the mean sea level. ✓
24. Carburetor heat of a piston engine:
Decreases significantly fuel consumption ✓
Leans fuel mixture ✓
Increases significantly fuel consumption ✓
Does not have effect on fuel consumption ✓
25. It is possible to get carburettor icing when the relative humidity is unknown within a temperature range of:
At any temperature. ✓
-20°C to +10°C. ✓
0°C and below. ✓
-30°C to +10°C. ✓
26. The main advantage of an alternator over a generator is that:
An alternator will give almost full power at engine idling speed. ✓
The output of a generator fluctuates too much. ✓
An alternator produces direct current from its armature. ✓
A generator can only produce alternating current. ✓
27. When the engine is stopped, the main source of electrical power is the:
Circuit breaker. ✓
Magneto. ✓
Battery. ✓
Generator or alternator. ✓
28. While carrying out the Dead Cut Check, with the right magneto selected, you notice that the engine falters, and you suspect it will stop running. What should you do?
Allow the engine to stop completely, the fault must be find out before the next flight is conducted. ✓
Quickly switch to the left magneto. ✓
Quickly switch to both magnetos. ✓
Open the throttle to keep the engine running, and then select both magnetos. ✓
29. The diagram shows a light aircraft electrical power system, which employs a centre-zero reading ammeter. (See LAPL/PPL 020-03). In flight with the battery fully charged and the battery switch ON, you would expect the ammeter to be:
To the left showing a negative reading. ✓
To the right showing a large positive reading. ✓
Fluctuating, but mainly showing a negative reading. ✓
In the centre-zero position. ✓
30. Aircraft's primary structures include:
Fuselage nose, trailing edge panels, landing gear door. ✓
Navigation and landing lights. ✓
Wing spars, wing skin plateswing and stabilizer attachment fittings. ✓
Cam plates, cover plates, trim tabs. ✓
31. If the power supply to the pitot heater failed during flight in icing conditions and the aircraft subsequently descended, the readings on the Altimeter/the VSI/the ASI would, if ice had blocked the pitot (Total Pressure) tube:
Under-read / Read Correctly / Over-read. ✓
Read Correctly / Read Correctly / Untrustworthy. ✓
Read Correctly / Under-read / Over-read. ✓
Read Correctly / Read Correctly / Over-read. ✓
32. An engine that does not have a carburettor but rather metered fuel that is fed under:
Pressure into the induction manifold, is said to have. ✓
Metering carburettor. ✓
Supercharging. ✓
Fuel injection. ✓
33. In what flight condition is a torque effect the greatest in a single-engine airplane?
Low airspeed, high power, high angle of attack. ✓
Low airspeed, low power, low angle of attack. ✓
High airspeed, high power, high angle of attack. ✓
High airspeed, low power, high angle of attack. ✓
34. How soon after starting a cold aircraft engine should the oil pressure gauge give an indication?
Immediately; otherwise shut down the engine. ✓
Within 30 seconds; otherwise shut down the engine. ✓
As long as the oil levels were at an adequate level before start-up, and RPM is within limits, it is probable that the oil pressure gauge is faulty and should be reported after the flight. ✓
By the time pre-flight checks are complete; otherwise shut down the engine. ✓
35. An accelerator pump is used to prevent a "flat spot". A "flat spot" is:
When the throttle is opened quickly and the mixture becomes temporarily too rich. ✓
When the throttle is closed and the mixture becomes temporarily too rich. ✓
When the throttle is closed quickly and the engine is starved of fuel. ✓
When the throttle is opened quickly and the demand for fuel cannot be met immediately. ✓
36. It is best to run the engine with the mixture:
Chemically correct as this is most efficient. ✓
Slightly rich, as the remaining fuel helps cool the engine. ✓
Slightly rich, as the remaining air helps cool the engine. ✓
Slightly weak, as the remaining air helps cool the engine. ✓
37. In fuel sample water appears as:
Bubbles at the bottom of the sample ✓
Multicoloured spots at the surface of the sample ✓
Multicoloured spots at the bottom of the sample ✓
Bubbles at the top of the sample ✓
38. lt is important to ensure the priming pump is locked after use because:
It may cause fuel to be sucked from the fuel tank into the carburettor, causing an extremely rich mixture. ✓
It may cause a fuel leak, resulting in an increased fire risk. ✓
If it vibrates closed, it will cause the engine to stop. ✓
It may cause fuel to be sucked from the fuel strainer into the inlet manifold, causing an extremely rich mixture. ✓
39. On a light aircraft fitted with a mechanically steered nose wheel, steering on the ground is normally effected by:
Use of the differential braking technique, only. ✓
Cables operated from the aileron control wheel. ✓
Control rods/cables operated by the rudder pedals. ✓
Hydraulic jacks which allow self-centring. ✓
40. While cruising at 9,500 feet MSL, the fuel/air mixture is properly adjusted. What will occur if a descent to 4,500 feet MSL is made without readjusting the mixture?
There will be more fuel in the cylinders than is needed for normal combustion, and the excess fuel will absorb heat and cool the engine. ✓
The excessively rich mixture will create higher cylinder head temperatures and may cause detonation. ✓
The fuel/air mixture may become excessively lean. ✓
The fuel/air mixture may become excessively lean and may cause pre-ignition. ✓
41. What would be the most likely cause of fluctuating oil pressure in an aircraft engine?
Faulty oil pressure indicator. ✓
Loose prop seal. ✓
Worn or loose bearing. ✓
Low oil level. ✓
42. In a dive, with the throttle setting constant, the engine R.P.M. of an aircraft fitted with a fixed pitch propeller will:
Remain constant whatever the airspeed. ✓
Increase if the airspeed is allowed to increase. ✓
Decrease as long as the throttle setting is not changed. ✓
Decrease as the airspeed increases. ✓
43. To work at its highest efficiency, the engine:
Needs to be at the highest temperature consistent with safe operation. ✓
Needs to be at the lowest temperature consistent with safe operation. ✓
Oil system must constantly be supplied with hot oil. ✓
Must be used at high altitude to take advantage of the cooling effect of the atmosphere. ✓
44. What change occurs in the fuel/air mixture when carburettor heat is applied?
The fuel/air mixture stays the same. ✓
The fuel/air mixture becomes richer. ✓
A decrease in RPM results from the lean mixture. ✓
The fuel/air mixture becomes leaner. ✓
45. Transition level is:
Flight level where pilot changes to QNH setting ✓
5000ft ✓
FL 50 ✓
Altitude where pilot changes to QNE setting ✓
46. Which of the following will increase the angle of attack of a fixed pitch propeller blade?
Increased TAS and decreased RPM. ✓
Decreased TAS and decreased RPM. ✓
Increased TAS and increased RPM. ✓
Decreased TAS and increased RPM. ✓
47. Pitot static tube measures:
Total pressure ✓
Reynolds pressure ✓
Dynamic pressure ✓
Static pressure ✓
48. What would be the result of a single magneto failure on an aircraft in cruise flight?
Black smoke would be observed from the exhaust. ✓
A slight drop in RPM, plus a slight increase in fuel consumption. ✓
The engine would be difficult to control. ✓
The engine would backfire excessively. ✓
49. A halon fire extinguisher:
Is safe to use in an enclosed cockpit. ✓
Is quite safe to use in an enclosed cockpit if the cockpit is subsequently ventilated. ✓
Is only suitable for wood or fabric fires and is, therefore, of no use in a cockpit ✓
Gives off highly toxic fumes and should never be used in an enclosed cockpit ✓
50. Magnetos are:
Generators, driven by the cam-shaft, used to supply electrical equipment. ✓
Used to generate low voltage sparks for the spark-plugs. ✓
Self-contained, engine driven, electrical generators which produce high voltage sparks. ✓
Fitted within the distributor and fire in the same sequence as the spark-plugs. ✓
51. What causes the true airspeed of an airplane to differ from its indicated airspeed?
Pitot error caused by flow losses in the pitot tube. ✓
The forward wind component. ✓
Yaw error caused by the yawing movement in cruise flight. ✓
Variations in temperature and air density. ✓
52. Cross checking means:
The use of check list in emergency situations ✓
Monitoring and interpreting two or more instrument displays in order to conclude and maintain aircraft's position ✓
Monitoring power and air speed alternately ✓
53. Why do high compression engines require fuels of a higher grade?
To prevent carburettor icing at high speeds. ✓
To develop more power. ✓
To avoid pre-ignition and resulting destruction of the engine. ✓
To avoid detonation and resulting destruction of the engine. ✓
54. Which adverse effect, caused by a gyroscopic effect, will a pilot experience during the takeoff roll while lifting a tail off the ground?
Pitching. ✓
Yawing. ✓
Nose up tendency. ✓
Banking tendency. ✓
55. The prevention of excessive oil pressure in an aircraft engine is assured by:
The engine's high capacity pressure pump. ✓
The engine's filter by-pass valve. ✓
Ensuring that the engine does not exceed the red-line rpm value. ✓
The engine's oil pressure relief valve. ✓
56. White color in air speed indicator means:
Overspeed ✓
Operating range for landing gear ✓
Operating range for flaps ✓
Normal flight speed range ✓
57. If an aircraft is equipped with a fixed-pitch propeller and a float-type carburettor, the first indication of carburettor ice would most likely be:
Engine roughness. ✓
A rise in cylinder head temperature. ✓
A drop in oil temperature and cylinder head temperature. ✓
Loss of RPM. ✓
58. What part(s) of a reciprocating aircraft engine seal(s) the combustion chamber?
The cylinder rings and valves. ✓
The spark plugs. ✓
The camshaft. ✓
The cylinder gasket. ✓
59. Semi-monocoque can be defined as:
An apertureless structure with load bearing formers being supported by stringers and longerons over a stressed skin. ✓
A framework of light-gauge steel tubes welded together to form a space frame of triangular shape. ✓
A structure with no apertures at all. ✓
A stressed skin with supported apertures containing an internal structure framework. ✓
60. One purpose of the dual ignition system on an aircraft engine is to provide for:
Improved engine efficiency = improved performance. ✓
Double capacity. ✓
Balanced cylinder head pressure. ✓
Uniform heat distribution. ✓
61. Can the alternator of an aircraft engine operate without the battery?
Yes, provided the magnetos operate properly. ✓
Yes, provided the pilot has switched off all electrical services on board. ✓
Yes, however at high RPM only. ✓
No, not in any case. ✓
62. The crankshaft in a piston engine:
Controls the clearance of the valves. ✓
Converts reciprocating movement into rotary motion. ✓
Rotates at half the camshaft speed. ✓
Converts rotary motion into reciprocating movement. ✓
63. When referring to the magnetic compass, pilots must bear in mind that:
Acceleration errors increase the nearer the aircraft is to the Magnetic Poles, and diminish as the aircraft approaches the Magnetic Equator. ✓
Turning errors are maximum when turning through North and South, and minimum when turning through East and West. ✓
Turning errors are maximum when turning through East and West, and minimum when turning through North and South. ✓
Turning errors increase, the nearer the aircraft is to the Magnetic Equator, and diminish as the aircraft approaches the Magnetic Poles. ✓
64. A propeller blade is twisted along its length in order to:
Give a progressively increasing pitch from root to tip. ✓
Compensate for the decreasing linear speed of the blade from root to tip. ✓
Maintain the optimal Angle of Attack from root to tip. ✓
Give a progressively increasing blade angle from root to tip. ✓
65. In the event of an alternator or generator failure during flight the:
Shut down all electrical devices and land as soon as possible. ✓
Alternator master switch should be turned off and flight continued normally without electrical power. ✓
Electrical loads should be reduced to a minimum and a landing made as soon as safely practicable. ✓
Flight may be continued normally because the battery supplies all electrical loads. ✓
66. The maximum speed for flaps extension:
Must refer to manual. ✓
Is equal to the maximum cruising speed. ✓
Is equal to the maneuvering speed. ✓
Must refer to Certificate of Airworthiness. ✓
67. Ignoring any Instrument or Position Errors, in what conditions will the Air Speed Indicator indicate the True Airspeed of an aircraft?
At any altitude or temperature. ✓
In ISA, sea-level conditions only. ✓
At any altitude, but only when ISA conditions prevail. ✓
At any altitude, provided that the temperature lapse rate is in accordance with ISA. ✓
68. A 100 Ampere-Hour battery:
Takes 100 hours to charge. ✓
Supplies the bus-bars through a 45 Ampere circuit breaker. ✓
Must be used in parallel with another similar battery. ✓
Will, in theory, supply 20 Amps for up to 5 hours. ✓
69. What is the purpose of an auxiliary fuel boost pump installed in some light aircraft?
Providing fuel to the carburettor during start-up and supplying fuel if the engine driven fuel pump fails. ✓
Pre-injection of fuel into engine cylinders. ✓
Faster emptying of fuel tanks. ✓
Increasing engine efficiency. ✓
70. Pre-ignition in a four stroke piston engine is:
Characterised by the ringing nature of the explosion it causes. ✓
The fuel-air mixture burning earlier than plug sparkles. ✓
The explosive combustion of the fuel-air mixture. ✓
Caused by a rich mixture in a hot engine. ✓
71. Immediately after starting an aircraft engine, you must check the starter warning light. If it is still illuminated you should:
Shut down the engine immediately. ✓
Do nothing. The starter warning light should stay on while the engine is running. ✓
Shut down the engine, count to 30, and then attempt a re-start. ✓
Monitor it for 30 seconds. If it remains illuminated shut down the engine. ✓
72. Carburettor ice has formed in the venturi of your carburettor and your aircraft starts losing power. Will the use of carburettor heat result in immediate increase in RPM?
Yes, since carburettor heat simply melts the ice and does not affect RPM. ✓
No, since carburettor heat simply melts the ice and does not affect RPM. ✓
No, in a fixed-pitch propeller aircraft there will first be some rough running and a further loss of RPM as the melted ice is ingested by the engine. Then RPM will increase. ✓
Yes, since the carburettor ice will melt immediately. ✓
73. Which is an important airspeed limitation that is not color coded on airspeed indicators on any one aircraft or glider?
Maximum speed with wing flaps extended (VFE). ✓
Maximum structural cruising speed (VMO). ✓
Maneuvering speed (VA). ✓
Never-exceed speed (VNE). ✓
74. Can an engine of a parked modern reciprocating aircraft fire if somebody turns the propeller by hand?
Yes, provided the master switch is on or ignition is faulty. ✓
Yes, always. ✓
No, under no circumstances. ✓
Normally not if the engine is cold with ignition switched off. ✓
75. Aircraft maintenance carried out by a private pilot in accordance with the pilot's legal entitlement:
Is to be entered in the aircraft's log book and certified by the pilot who carried out the maintenance. ✓
Is to be entered in the aircraft's log book and certified by a licensed engineer. ✓
Is to be entered in the aircraft's log book and certified by a CAD approved inspector. ✓
Need not be logged or recorded. ✓
76. The piston rod in a reciprocating engine forms a link between:
The cylinder piston and the crankshaft. ✓
The valve rod and the rocker arm. ✓
The rocker arm and the valve body. ✓
The cylinder piston and the camshaft. ✓
77. In icing conditions, if a static vent became blocked during level flight and the aircraft subsequently climbed, the readings on the Altimeter/the VSI/the ASI would:
Under-read / Remain unchanged / Over-read ✓
Over-read / Over-read / Under-read ✓
Remain unchanged / Remain unchanged / Under-read ✓
Remain unchanged / Under-read / Over-read ✓
78. An altimeter:
Contains an aneroid capsule connected to a static pressure source. The capsule contracts during a descent. ✓
Contains a barometric capsule that expands during a descent. ✓
Contains a partially evacuated capsule that expands during a descent. ✓
Contains a barometric capsule, connected to a total pressure source, that contracts during a descent. ✓
79. The operating principle of float-type carburettors is based on the:
Difference in air pressure at the venturi throat and the air inlet. ✓
Increase in air pressure in the throat of a venturi causing an increase in air velocity. ✓
Increase in air velocity in the throat of a venturi causing an increase in air pressure. ✓
Automatic metering of air at the venturi as the aircraft gains altitude. ✓
80. When set to QFE pressure, an altimeter will indicate the:
Altitude above sea level. ✓
True altitude above ground surface. ✓
Height above the airfield. ✓
Flight level. ✓
81. The purpose of the compass deviation card fixed next to an aircraft's magnetic compass is to:
Compensate for the influence of magnetic material carried on the person of the pilot and/or passengers. ✓
Indicate the discrepancy between the heading shown on the compass and the actual magnetic heading. ✓
Indicate the discrepancy between the aircraft's track and true north. ✓
Indicate the discrepancy between the aircraft's track and magnetic north. ✓
82. The Mechanical Tachometer:
Works on the principle of a magnetic field being induced in a drag cup and creating a torque which rotates a shaft attached to the pointer on the dial of a Tachometer. ✓
Is driven directly from the prop shaft. Gears reduce the speed of rotation so that a generator can be used to produce a voltage proportional to shaft speed which is indicated on a gauge calibrated in RPM. ✓
Is driven directly from the alternator drive. ✓
Uses the friction generated in a drag cup to rotate a shaft, which is connected to a pointer, against the pressure of a hairspring. ✓
83. Besides the altimeter, which instruments are connected to the static pressure line?
Airspeed indicator and external temperature indicator. ✓
Airspeed indicator only. ✓
Airspeed indicator, vertical speed indicator, and turn-and-skid indicator. ✓
Airspeed indicator and vertical speed indicator. ✓
84. As an aircraft with a variable-pitch, constant-speed propeller accelerates along the runway:
The angle of attack will remain constant and the engine R.P.M. will increase. ✓
The linear velocity of the propeller tip will gradually decrease. ✓
The angle of attack will decrease and the engine R.P.M. remain constant. ✓
The blade pitch angle increases, maintaining a constant angle of attack and R.P.M. ✓
85. As air enters the restriction of a Venturi, velocity ____ , static or ambient pressure ____ and temperature ____ .
lncreases / lncreases / Increases ✓
Decreases / Decreases / Increases ✓
Decreases / Increases / Decreases ✓
Increases / Decreases / Decreases ✓
86. The exhaust gas temperature gauge:
Is an engine instrument designed to protect the engine from excessive heat. ✓
Can indicate whether the air-fuel mixture being drawn into the combustion chamber is too lean or too rich. ✓
Requires power from the D.C. bus-bar. ✓
Does the same job as the cylinder head temperature gauge. ✓
87. Directional gyroscope is set in right position in nose wheel aircrafts:
During climb ✓
Mechanic does it during maintenance ✓
When aircraft is trimmed to level flight on crosscountry flight ✓
Before departure in ground when the aircraft stays still ✓
88. Pre-ignition:
Happens after the spark occurs at the plug. ✓
Is usually caused by a hot spot in the combustion chamber. ✓
Is also known as pinking. ✓
Occurs after ignition. ✓
89. After starting a cold engine, if the oil pressure gauge does not indicate within approximately 30 seconds:
The engine must be stopped immediately. ✓
This may be ignored, provided that the oil level was checked to be sufficient before start- up. ✓
This may be ignored if the oil temperature is high, provided that the oil level was checked to be sufficient before start-up. ✓
The engine rpm should be increased and then the oil pressure re-checked. ✓
90. The significance of using the chemically correct mixture of air and fuel is that:
It is the one usually used. ✓
It gives the best results. ✓
It allows complete combustion to occur. ✓
It is 15:1 by volume. ✓
91. Which altitudes indicates an aircraft altimeter if set to standard atmospheric pressure?
Flight levels. ✓
Absolute altitudes. ✓
Relative altitudes. ✓
True altitudes above the ground surface. ✓
92. Engine compression ratio is the ratio of the:
Clearance volume to the swept volume. ✓
Total volume to the clearance volume. ✓
Swept volume to the total volume. ✓
Swept volume to the clearance volume. ✓
93. Some carburettors are fitted with a diffuser which:
Prevents the mixture becoming too rich as the rpm decreases. ✓
Prevents the mixture becoming too lean as the rpm increases. ✓
Prevents the mixture becoming too lean as the rpm decreases. ✓
Prevents the mixture becoming too rich as the rpm increases. ✓
94. What does the green color band on the airspeed indicator of an aircraft indicate?
Normal operating speed range. ✓
Maximum allowed speed. ✓
The landing gear and flaps operating speed range. ✓
Dangerous area. ✓
95. During one complete Otto Cycle, the piston:
Receives two power strokes. ✓
Moves towards the cylinder head four times. ✓
Moves towards the cylinder head twice. ✓
Rotates around the gudgeon pin twice. ✓
96. The principal reason why light training aircraft have fixed undercarriages is that:
Training aircraft need to be supported at a convenient height. ✓
Training aircraft need to ensure that kinetic energy on landing is absorbed ✓
Training aircraft need to manoeuvre on the ground. ✓
The reduced performance caused by the additional drag of a fixed undercarriage is offset by its simplicity, low cost and easy maintenance. ✓
97. Baffles:
Are placed within the lubrication system to slow down the passage of oil into the engine. ✓
Reduce the flow of air around the engine. ✓
Are directional air guides which direct the airflow fully around the cylinder. ✓
Must be close fitting to reduce the flow of air around the engine. ✓
98. How much maintenance cycle can be exceeded?
Max. 5% ✓
Max. 15% ✓
Max. 20% ✓
Max. 10% ✓
99. For internal cooling, a reciprocating aircraft engine especially depends on:
The liquid coolant flowing over the exhaust manifold. ✓
The air flowing over the exhaust manifold. ✓
A properly functioning thermostat. ✓
The circulation of lubricating oil. ✓
100. The most common method for shutting down an aircraft engine equipped with carburettor is:
Switching the starter switch to off. ✓
Moving the mixture to Idle Cut off (ICO). ✓
Closing the throttle and moving the mixture to ICO. ✓
Closing the throttle. ✓
101. The temperature of the gases within the cylinder of a four stroke engine during the power stroke will:
Increase. ✓
Remain constant. ✓
Decrease. ✓
Follow Charles's Law. ✓
102. A flying control lock:
Will constrain the control column to its design limits so as not to overstress the airframe during normal operations. ✓
Is only necessary on the elevators. ✓
Must always be used when flying in gusty conditions. ✓
Is used to lock the controls on the ground to prevent damage in high wind conditions. ✓
103. Choose the correct statement concerning the colour markings of air speed indicator:
Red = stall speed in clean configuration ✓
Yellow = normal use ✓
Green = normal opertating range ✓
White = max. Speed in turbulent weather ✓
104. When a compass swing is being carried out:
It will enable the aircraft's true heading to be determined. ✓
It will enable the aircraft's variation to be determined. ✓
The aircraft's heading compass reading is compared with readings from a 'land or datum' compass. ✓
It can be carried out on any part of the airfield which is dry and flat. ✓
105. A carburettor is used to supply:
Air to the engine cylinders. ✓
Fuel in atmospheric pressure to the engine cylinders. ✓
Fuel to the engine cylinders. ✓
A fuel/air mixture to the engine cylinders. ✓
106. The diagram shows a light aircraft electrical power system (See LAPL/PPL 020- 01). In flight if the loadmeter reading drops to zero, the most probable cause is that the:
Alternator has failed. ✓
Battery is flat. ✓
Battery has been fully charged. ✓
Bus-bar is overloaded. ✓
107. The power output of a four-stroke piston engine at sea level:
Increases as rpm increases. ✓
Increases initially, then remains constant as rpm increases. ✓
Is proportional to the volume of mixture induced into the cylinder. ✓
Is constant as rpm increases. ✓
108. Within one "Otto" cycle, the valves of a four stroke piston engine will open:
During the power stroke. ✓
Twice. ✓
Once. ✓
During the induction stroke. ✓
109. If a fire occurs in a wheel and tyre assembly and immediate action is required to extinguish it, the safest extinguishant to use is:
Carbon dioxide. ✓
Dry powder. ✓
Water acid. ✓
Bromotrifluoromethane (BTF). ✓
110. If a blockage occurs in the oil cooler of an aircraft engine while the aircraft is in flight, a by-pass valve allows the oil to by-pass the cooler. The by-pass functions on the principle of:
Temperature dependence. ✓
Mechanical selection. ✓
Hydraulic selection. ✓
Pressure dependence. ✓
111. The basic purpose of adjusting the fuel/air mixture at altitude is to:
Decrease the amount of fuel in the mixture in order to compensate for increased air density. ✓
Density of the air. ✓
Decrease the fuel flow in order to compensate for decreased air density. ✓
Increase the amount of fuel in the mixture to compensate for the decrease in pressure. ✓
112. Where in the engine is the oil temperature read by the temperature probe which is connected to the engine's oil temperature gauge?
As the oil leaves the oil tank. ✓
After the oil has passed through the oil cooler but before it reaches the hot sections of the engine. ✓
Before the oil has passed through the oil cooler. ✓
Inside the hot sections of the engine. ✓
113. Instruments normally supplied from the electrical system include the:
Engine rpm indicator and the turn co-ordinator. ✓
Turn co-ordinator and oil pressure gauge. ✓
Engine rpm indicator and the fuel quantity gauges. ✓
Fuel quantity gauges and the turn co-ordinator. ✓
114. Which instruments are usually powered by a vacuum pump system? (1) Direction Indicator (2) Turn Coordinator (3) Attitude Indicator (4) Altimeter (5) Magnetic Compass.
(1) and (3). ✓
(1), (3) and (4). ✓
(1) and (2). ✓
(1), (3) and (5). ✓
115. The distributor arm rotates at:
Twice engine speed. ✓
One quarter engine speed. ✓
A half engine speed. ✓
Engine speed. ✓
116. Density altitude is
A altitude display of altimeter when the altimeter has QNH settings ✓
A value that is used to measure engine's performance ✓
A altitude display of altimeter when the altimeter has QNE settings ✓
A altitude display of altimeter when the altimeter has QFE settings ✓
117. To which source of electrical power is the starter of an aircraft engine connected to?
Depends on the type of aircraft. ✓
Directly to the battery. ✓
To the alternator or generator. ✓
To the external source of electrical power only. ✓
118. ISA conditions at mean sea level:
Air density 1,225g/m3 and air pressure 1013,25hPa ✓
Air pressure 1013mbar and air temperature drops 1,98°C/km ✓
Air density 1225g/m3 ja air temperature drops 6,5°C/km ✓
Air pressure 1013bar and air temperature drops 6,5°C/km ✓
119. A Direction Indicator may be aligned with the magnetic compass:
To minimise the effect of magnetic dip. ✓
Because of the effect of liquid swirl. ✓
Periodically, to offset the affect of acceleration during a turn. ✓
By using the caging knob to rotate the Dl azimuth card when the wings are level. ✓
120. For exciting of the alternator an initial electrical current is needed, provided by the:
Ignition coil. ✓
Battery. ✓
Current distributor. ✓
Magneto. ✓
121. Which of the following is not a component of a dry vacuum system?
A vacuum controller. ✓
A system lubrication device. ✓
A vacuum generator. ✓
A filter to clean the air. ✓
122. If an altimeter is set to QFE pressure, the instrument indication after landing will be:
Zero. ✓
The airfield height above the pressure plain 1013.2 hPa. ✓
The airfield pressure height above the standard value. ✓
The airfield elevation. ✓
123. What is the function of a shimmy dumper on an aircraft undercarriage?
To prevent nose wheel vibrations. ✓
To dumpen bouncing. ✓
To decrease main leg piston travel. ✓
To decrease shocks on direction pedals. ✓
124. The power of an aviation engine without a supercharger decreases with altitude because of:
Lower outside temperatures it does not operate at optimum temperature. ✓
Higher air density it receives too poor fuel/air mixture. ✓
Lower air density and therefore insufficient cylinder loading. ✓
Lower air density it receives too rich fuel/air mixture. ✓
125. As the throttle is advanced, what happens to the constant-speed propeller of an aircraft?
Angle of attack will not change. ✓
Angle of attack will decrease. ✓
Angle of attack will increase. ✓
RPM will increase. ✓
126. The gyro in an artificial horizon is:
A tied gyro rotating in a horizontal plane about the aircraft's longitudinal axis. ✓
An earth gyro rotating in a horizontal plane about a vertical axis. ✓
An earth gyro rotating in a vertical plane about the aircraft's lateral axis. ✓
An earth gyro rotating in a vertical plane about the aircraft's longitudinal axis. ✓
127. The most probable cause of the needle of the oil pressure gauge fluctuating when the aircraft is in level flight with the engine running at cruise rpm is:
The presence of air in the oil tank. ✓
A loose electrical connection. ✓
The presence of air in the oil tank. ✓
A low oil supply ✓
128. The component parts of the wing shown in the diagram are: (See LAPL/PPL 020- 02) A/B/C
Front Spar/Formers/Rear Spar ✓
Primary Spar/Formers/Stringer ✓
Front Spar/Secondary Spar/Former ✓
Stringers/Secondary Spar/Former ✓
129. Most nose wheels on modern light aircraft are:
Spring coil struts. ✓
Oleo pneumatic shock-absorber struts. ✓
Compressed rubber struts. ✓
Spring steel struts. ✓
130. 1 hPa in altimeter setting is:
270ft ✓
27ft ✓
100ft ✓
27m ✓
131. The octane number of the fuel means:
The heat of vaporization of the fuel ✓
The kindling point of the fuel ✓
Fuel's ability to tolerate detonation ✓
Fuel's ability to tolerate frost ✓
132. The red line on an airspeed indicator of a sport aircraft represents:
The speed which could be exceeded with the wing flaps raised and the landing gear retracted. ✓
The speed which could be exceeded in calm air only. ✓
The maximum speed for abrupt controls movement. ✓
The speed which must not be exceeded any time. ✓
133. Which instrument(s) is(are) connected to the total pressure?
Classic vertical speed indicator and altimeter. ✓
Classic vertical speed indicator only. ✓
Airspeed indicator only. ✓
Airspeed indicator, classic rate-of-climb indicator and altimeter. ✓
134. A magnetic heading:
Is the sum of the compass heading, compass deviation and variation. ✓
Is not affected by turning errors. ✓
Is always referenced to True North. ✓
Is the sum of the compass heading and compass deviation. ✓
135. If you suspect carburettor icing when flying an aircraft whose engine is not fitted with a carburettor air-temperature gauge, the correct action would be:
To open the throttle to make up for the lost power. ✓
To select the appropriate amount of carburettor heat depending on the amount of icing suspected. ✓
To always select full carburettor heat. ✓
To always select full carburettor heat unless the engine starts to run roughly, at which point the carburettor heat should be selected to cold. ✓
136. If the gyro of a turn indicator runs at a lower RPM than its design specification, how will the actual rate of turn of the aircraft compare to the rate of turn shown on the turn indicator?
The actual rate of turn of the aircraft will be same as the rate indicated. ✓
The actual rate of turn of the aircraft will be less than the rate indicated. ✓
The actual rate of turn of the aircraft will be greater than the rate indicated. ✓
The turn indicator will not indicate a rate of turn. ✓
137. Detonation could result from using:
Too low a manifold pressure. ✓
Too high an RPM. ✓
Too weak a mixture. ✓
A higher grade fuel than recommended. ✓
138. What does the red line on an aviation instrument generally represent?
Landing gear operating speed range. ✓
Dangerous area. ✓
Normal operating range. ✓
Maximal or minimal allowed value. ✓
139. What height does the altimeter indicate if set to local QNH?
Flight level. ✓
Height above terrain. ✓
Height above sea level. ✓
Height above airport. ✓
140. When enriching the mixture:
Power is increased ✓
The amount of fuel becomes greater than the amount of air ✓
The amount of air becomes greater than the amount of fuel ✓
Pilot does not touch on throttle lever ✓
141. Annual inspection is done:
Together with 100 h maintenance ✓
After every 6 months ✓
After every 24 months ✓
After every 12 months ✓
142. On a fixed pitch propeller aircraft whose engine is fitted with a carburettor, the first signs of induction system icing are:
A gradual drop in rpm and possible rough running and vibration. ✓
A sudden drop in rpm and engine temperature. ✓
A rise in engine oil temperature and a fall in oil pressure. ✓
A rise in manifold pressure and a reduction in air-speed, in level flight. ✓
143. Tyre creep:
Can be recognised by the misalignment of markings painted on the tyre and the wheel. ✓
Can be prevented with glue. ✓
Can be prevented by painting lines on the tyre and wheel. ✓
Refers to the movement of an aircraft against the brakes. ✓
144. Flying an aircraft with a flat battery, having started the engine using a ground source, is:
Acceptable because the battery is never required in flight. ✓
Not recommended because the electrical loads will not be energised. ✓
Acceptable because the battery will be fully charged again before take-off. ✓
Not recommended because the battery may not charge correctly during flight. ✓
145. If, while an aircraft is descending, the static vent leading to the Vertical Speed Indicator becomes blocked, the indicator will:
Indicate a descent. ✓
Indicate a climb. ✓
Show a zero reading, after a short delay. ✓
Continue to show the same reading. ✓
146. The barometric pressure scale on an aircraft altimeter serves for:
Air pressure reading at flight altitude. ✓
Exact setting of the altimeter during the annual inspection in a service facility. ✓
Pressure difference reading between the air pressure at the airport level and the air pressure at the sea level. ✓
Setting of pressure value at the pressure level, from which will the altimeter measure altitudes. ✓
147. Tyre creep may be identified by:
Alignment marks painted on the tyre sidewall and wheel flange. ✓
Two white blocks painted on the wheel flange. ✓
Two yellow diametrically opposed arrows painted on the tyre sidewalls. ✓
A tyre pressure check. ✓
148. On a reciprocating aviation engine, what is controlled by the exhaust temperature gauge (EGT)?
Oil pressure. ✓
Quality of the fuel/air mixture. ✓
Carburettor icing. ✓
Oil consumption. ✓
149. Theoretically, a 100Ah battery will supply 25A for:
4 hours. ✓
100 minutes. ✓
25 minutes. ✓
25 hours. ✓
150. If a fuse blows during flight it:
May be replaced by a fuse of a higher rating to ensure that it will not blow again. ✓
May be replaced in the air once only, by one of the same value. ✓
Should not be replaced until after landing. ✓
May be replaced as often as required. ✓
151. Connecting two 12 volt, 40 ampere-hour, capacity batteries in series will provide a battery of:
12 volts and 40 ampere hours capacity. ✓
24 volts and 80 ampere-hours capacity. ✓
24 volts and 40 ampere-hours capacity. ✓
12 volts and 80 ampere-hours capacity. ✓
152. What part in a reciprocating four-stroke engine operates the piston valves?
The piston bolt. ✓
The camshaft. ✓
The piston rod. ✓
The diffuser valve. ✓
153. Aquaplaning speed:
Is measured in miles per hour. ✓
Increases as the depth of water on the ground increases. ✓
Increases as the depth of tread on the tyres reduces. ✓
Can be calculated, in knots, by multiplying the square root of the tyre pressure by nine. ✓
154. If, during descent, the static sources to the airspeed indicator and altimeter become blocked by ice:
The airspeed indicator will over-read and the altimeter will under-read. ✓
Both instruments will under-read. ✓
Both instruments will over-read. ✓
The airspeed indicator will under-read and the altimeter will over-read. ✓
155. The cylinder head temperature gauge:
Requires alternating current to power the instrument needle. ✓
Obtains its temperature information from the hottest engine cylinder, by means of a probe consisting of two dissimilar metals joined together. ✓
Obtains its information from a probe which is installed about four inches from the cylinder head on the exhaust system. ✓
Is primarily a fuel management instrument. ✓
156. As you climb altitude ____ and density ____ and, therefore, the mixture will be____.
Decreases/Increases/Decreases. ✓
Increases/Decreases/Decreases. ✓
Decreases/Decreases/Increases. ✓
Increases/Decreases/Increases. ✓
157. The purpose of fins around the cylinder of a reciprocating air-cooled aircraft engine is:
A cylinder augmentation. ✓
Decrease the cooling area and lower engine mass. ✓
Increase the cooling area and better cylinder cooling. ✓
A lower engine aerodynamic drag. ✓
158. An abnormally high oil temperature indication in case of a four-stroke engine may be caused by:
The oil level being too high. ✓
Excessively rich mixture. ✓
The oil level being too low. ✓
Operating with too high viscosity oil. ✓
159. If the engine gets too hot, the mixture may ignite before the spark plug fires.
The throttle should be opened to assist in cooling the engine. ✓
The mixture should be weakened to assist in cooling the engine. ✓
This is called detonation. ✓
This is called pre-ignition. ✓
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