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PERFORMANCE AND FLIGHT MONITORING 030
P55
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Last updated: September 27, 2022
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| First submitted | September 27, 2022 |
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1.
Maximum Landing Mass (MLM) is best defined as:
Maximum permissible total mass on landing under normal operating conditions.
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Maximum permissible total mass on the approach to land.
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Maximum permissible total mass on taxiing to park.
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Maximum permissible total mass after landing.
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2.
What V speed is it important not to exceed if sudden full-pitch, nose-up, control
movements are planned, and why?
Vd, sudden control movements can cause a departure from controlled flight.
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Vfb, sudden control movements can cause a departure from controlled flight.
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Va, sudden control movements can cause structural damage.
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Vne, sudden control movements can cause structural damage.
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3.
What is the colour of the caution speed range on an Air Speed Indicator, and
what must the pilot be mindful of when operating in this range?
Green - Control flutter may occur if turbulence is encountered.
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Green - Stalls, airframe deformations, and/or structural damage may occur in this range if the pilot uses abrupt and full control deflections.
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Yellow - Stalls, causing airframe deformations, and/or structural damage may occur in this range if the pilot uses abrupt and full control deflections.
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Yellow - This speed range should not be entered unless the air is smooth. Any manoeuvres should be made using small and gentle control inputs.
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4.
What name is given to the load at which the aircraft structure will fail?
Maximum Load.
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Safety Factor Load.
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Ultimate Load.
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Limit Load.
✓
5.
An aircraft which has been grossly overloaded will:
1.require increased take-off and landing distances.
2. Have a higher stalling speed.
3. Have a reduced maximum level flight speed.
4. Have increased range and endurance.
5. Have a reduced rate of climb and operating ceiling.
Which of the above are correct?
1, 2, 3, & 5.
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2, 4 & 5.
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1, 2, 4 & 5.
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1, 2, 3 & 4.
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6.
Maximum Zero Fuel Mass (MZFM) is best defined as.
Maximum permissible mass of the aircraft without occupants and baggage.
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Maximum permissible mass of the aircraft with no useable fuel.
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Maximum permissible mass of the aircraft with no passengers or fuel.
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Maximum permissible mass of the aircraft with no crew or fuel.
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7.
Maximum Take Of Mass (MTOM) is defined best as:
Maximum permissible total mass prior to take off.
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Maximum permissible total mass at the start of the takeoff run.
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Maximum permissible total mass prior to taxiing.
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Maximum permissible total mass at the point of rotation.
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8.
Never exceed speed (VNE) is the red radial line on the ASI and marks the speed
which:
Flight is permitted in smooth conditions only.
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You cannot exceed.
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Structural damage will occur.
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Prolonged flight is unsafe.
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9.
When flying in very rough air what is the maximum speed to be adopted in order
to avoid overstressing the airframe?
Vno or Vfe.
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Vra or Va.
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Vd or Va.
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Vd or Vno.
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10.
Your aircraft has an oil reservoir with a capacity of 3 imp/gal which is positioned
20 inches aft of the datum. Given that the oil weighs 9.1 lbs/gal, the reservoir will
possess a moment of:
60 lb in.
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546 lb in.
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27.3 lb in.
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182 lb in.
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11.
Assuming the aircraft is at rest on the ground, what term best describes image
"D"? (See LAPL/PPL 030-01)
Traffic Load.
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Zero Fuel Mass.
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Maximum All Up Mass.
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Empty Mass.
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12.
An aircraft is loaded such that its C of G is on the aft limit:
I The stalling speed decreases
II Range and endurance increase
III The stalling speed increses
IV Stick forces increase
I, II, and IV are correct.
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Only II and IV are correct.
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Only I and IV are correct.
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Only I and II are correct.
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13.
Certification requirements stipulate that when loading a light aircraft:
With maximum traffic load and full fuel the aircraft will not exceed the authorised Maximum Takeoff Mass.
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All seats, baggage compartments and fuel tanks are contained within the C of G limits so that it is impossible to load the aircraft beyond its limits.
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The C of G should remain within the defined limits and the Maximum Take-off Mass must not be exceeded.
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That the Maximum Take-off Mass is not exceeded, and the CofG remains at least 5% inside the C of G limits.
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14.
The Maximum Take-off Mass of an aircraft may be limited by:
Structural design load limits and/or altitude and temperature.
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All answers are correct.
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The authorised performance category of the aircraft, i.e. utility / normal / aerobatic.
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The airworthiness condition of the aircraft.
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15.
An aircraft loaded in a dangerous manner, so that its C of G is beyond its
forward limit will:
Have both an increased range and endurance.
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Have both an increased longitudinal stability and stalling speed.
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Require less effort to rotate on takeoff.
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Require less effort to flare when landing.
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16.
The flight characteristics of an aircraft which has its C of G at the forward limit
will be:
Insensitivity to Pitch Control and great Longitudinal Stability.
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Insensitivity to Pitch Control and little Longitudinal Stability.
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Sensitivity to Pitch Control and little Longitudinal Stability.
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Sensitivity to Pitch Control and great Longitudinal Stability.
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17.
An aircraft weighing 2000 lbs with a total CofG moment of + 169400 lb in uplifts
440 lbs of fuel. If the effective arm of the fuel is 88.5 inches aft of the datum, what
will be the aircraft's new mass and C of G moment?
1560 lbs +169488.5 lb in.
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2440 lbs +208340 lb in.
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1560 lbs +208340 lb in.
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2440 lbs +169488.5 lb in.
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18.
You plan to carry your aircraft's maximum permissible 'Traffic Load'. Your
principal consideration during your flight planning will be that:
It is mandatory to carry a full fuel load when carrying passengers.
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The 'Traffic Load' may have to be reduced to allow for the full fuel load.
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Your fuel load may have to be limited to prevent you exceeding the Maximum All Up Weight / Mass.
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The fuel load is accounted for in 'Traffic Load' calculations.
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19.
Traffic Load:
Is the total mass of passengers, baggage and freight.
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Includes drinkable water and lavatory chemicals.
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Includes the Basic Empty Mass.
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Is the total mass of passengers, baggage and freight and fuel.
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20.
The consequences of operating an aeroplane with the C of G beyond the aft limit
will be:
I On the ground the aircraft would be tail heavy and passenger or crew
movement or fuel usage could make it tip up.
II The flying controls would be too sensitive increasing the risk of a tail strike at
rotation.
III The tendency to stall would increase and it may be impossible to achieve
"hands off" balanced flight.
IV Recovery from a spin would be much more difficult.
Only statements II and III are correct.
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Only statements I and IV are correct.
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Only statement I is correct.
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All statements are correct.
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21.
Assuming the aircraft is at rest on the ground, what term best describes image
A? (See LAPL/PPL 030-01)
Take Off Mass.
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Empty Mass.
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Zero Fuel Mass.
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Maximum All Up Mass.
✓
22.
In which Category, Utility or Normal, would you expect to operate the aircraft
represented in the attached CofG / Moment Envelope if its mass is 2100 lbs and
its CofG Moment 90,000 lb inches? (See LAPL/PPL 030-02)
Utility.
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Normal and Utility.
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Normal.
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Heavy duty.
✓
23.
What is used as the aircraft reference for the C of G limit, and upon which axis is
that limit found?
Axis / Reference
Normal / Spinner.
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Lateral / Tail.
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Vertical / Wheels.
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Longitudinal / Datum.
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24.
C of G limits are set by the manufacturer and:
Have only an aft limit.
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Are mandatory.
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Are a guide only.
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Have only a forward limit.
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25.
Your aircraft has:
A Take-off Mass of = 2353 lbs.
A calculated C of G for departure = 89.75 inches aft of the datum.
An estimated fuel burn = 200 lbs with a C of G 85.00 inches aft of datum.
The position of the C of G on landing will be?
105.98 inches aft of the datum.
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90.19 inches aft of the datum.
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82.52 inches aft of the datum.
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96.97 inches aft of the datum.
✓
26.
The Centre of Gravity range of most aircraft reduces as the aircraft mass
increases, as a result of:
The static margin moving forward to reduce manoeuvrability.
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The aft C of G limit moving forward to increase stability.
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The forward C of G limit moving rearwards to reduce stability.
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The aft C of G limit moving rearwards to extend the static margin.
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27.
When calculating the MZFM (maximum zero fuel mass), the following are
included:
Crew, Passengers, Baggage, Catering & Fuel.
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Crew, Passengers & Baggage.
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Crew, Passengers, Baggage & Catering.
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Drinkable water and lavatory chemicals.
✓
28.
What effect will a higher aircraft mass have on rotate speed and stalling speed?
It will increase rotate speed and decrease stalling speed.
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It will decrease both speeds.
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It will decrease rotate speed and increase stalling speed.
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It will increase both speeds.
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29.
What is the effect of runway slope on the take-off?
A downhill slope will decrease the take-off performance.
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An uphill slope will increase the take-off distance.
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A downhill slope will increase the take-off distance.
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An uphill slope will increase the take-off performance.
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30.
That part of a runway surface which is used for normal operations during take-
off, excluding any clearway or stopway, is referred to as:
The take-off run available (TORA).
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The emergency distance available (EMDA).
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The landing distance available (LDA).
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The take-off distance available (TODA).
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31.
If the density of the atmosphere is reduced, the take-off distance will be:
Controlled by wind.
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Decreased.
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Increased.
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Unaffected.
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32.
If the density of the air is increased above ISA conditions, the effect will be:
To decrease just the take-off run.
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To increase the take-off performance.
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To decrease the take-off performance.
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To increase the take-off distance.
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33.
When the density of the atmosphere is relatively low, the resulting reduction in:
Both lift and engine power will require a longer take-off distance.
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Drag will permit the use of greater flap angles.
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Drag offsets the loss of engine power giving improved acceleration.
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Thrust and drag has no apparent effect on the take-off distance required.
✓
34.
The main reason for taking off into wind is to:
Increase the take-off distance.
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Decrease the takeoff distance available (TODA).
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Decrease the ground speed of the aircraft at lift-off.
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Increase the ground speed of the aircraft.
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35.
Increasing the aeroplane's gross weight will have what effect on the take-off?
Increase the stall speed and decrease the take-off run required.
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Decrease the stall speed and the take-off run required.
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Decrease the stall speed and increase the take-off run required.
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Increase the stall speed and the take-off run required.
✓
36.
What is the reason for increasing the speed in a prolonged climb?
To reduce the noise of the aircraft in sensitive areas.
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To increase the flow of air through the engine and keep it cool.
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To maintain the best rate of climb speed.
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To maintain the best angle of climb speed.
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37.
Climbing at Vy will achieve:
The best obstacle clearance performance.
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The greatest increase in altitude in a given period of time.
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The maximum angle of climb.
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The maximum increase in height in the shortest horizontal distance.
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38.
To gain the greatest amount of height in the shortest time period the aircraft
should be flown at:
The best rate of climb speed (Vy).
✓
The best angle of climb speed (Vx).
✓
At the speed for maximum endurance.
✓
60 kt.
✓
39.
Increasing the mass (and, therefore, weight) of the aircraft will:
Increase the rate of climb and decrease the angle of climb.
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Decrease the rate and angle of climb.
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Increase the rate and angle of climb.
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Decrease the rate of climb and increase the angle of climb.
✓
40.
The best rate of climb is achieved:
When flying at Vx.
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When flying at the speed for maximum excess power available.
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When climbing into wind.
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When flying at the speed for maximum excess thrust available.
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41.
The indicated air speed for the best rate of climb when climbing to cruise altitude
will tend to:
Decrease then increase.
✓
Remain the same.
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Increase.
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Decrease as the power of the engine decreases.
✓
42.
The lift produced by the wing of an aeroplane that is climbing and maintaining a
constant airspeed will be:
Greater than weight.
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Equal to weight.
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Less than weight.
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Independent of weight.
✓
43.
An aircraft cruising at 2000ft is cleared to climb to 8000ft. Calculate the time
taken in minutes, the fuel used in gallons and the distance flown during the
climb. The temperature is standard and the wind is calm. (See LAPL/PPL 030-04)
Time (mins) / Fuel (gal) / Distance (nm)
18 / 3,7 / 25
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3 / 0,7 / 4
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15 / 3,0 / 21
✓
12 / 2,3 / 17
✓
44.
Climbing at Vx will achieve:
The best time to height.
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The greatest increase in altitude in a given period of time.
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The maximum angle of climb.
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The maximum horizontal distance for a given vertical distance.
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45.
The centre of gravity is moved backwards. The effect is?
A stronger lift-weight couple which requires more tail plane down force.
✓
An increased range and endurance.
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A reduced range and endurance.
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A greater tail load.
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46.
What speed should be flown for maximum range? (See LAPL/PPL 030-05)
C
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B
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A
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D
✓
47.
What is the maximum range speed for a piston engine aircraft?
At a higher speed than VNO and at the lowest safe altitude.
✓
VMP.
✓
At a speed less than VMD and at the lowest safe altitude.
✓
VMD
✓
48.
In order to maximise the glide range, the aircraft should be flown:
At low angles of attack at VMD.
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At high angles of attack at VMD.
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At low angles of attack at VMP.
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At a negative angle of attack at VMD.
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49.
What is the effect of a headwind on the glide angle and glide distance?
Glide angle will decrease and glide distance decrease.
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Glide angle will increase and glide distance increase.
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Glide angle will increase and glide distance decrease.
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Glide angle will remain the same and glide distance will remain the same.
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50.
What speed must be flown to attain the maximum cruise endurance?
VMP.
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VY.
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Maximum speed.
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VMD.
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51.
The maximum glide range will be achieved by:
A relatively low angle of attack being maintained.
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A high descent angle.
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A relatively high angle of attack being maintained.
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A negative angle of attack being maintained.
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52.
If weight is increased, the range of the aircraft will be:
Reduced.
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Increased.
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Reduced or increased depending on cruising speed.
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Unchanged.
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53.
When gliding for maximum range, an aircraft with a greater weight will:
Have a shallower descent angle.
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Have a faster descent speed but the same descent angle.
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Have a faster descent speed and a reduced descent distance.
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Have a reduced glide range.
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54.
What speed must be flown to attain the maximum cruise range?
VMP.
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VMD.
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Maximum speed.
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VX.
✓
55.
What would be the effect of an increase in temperature upon the air density and
aircraft performance?
Reduced density and an increase in aircraft performance.
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Increased density and increased aircraft performance.
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Increased density and reduced aircraft performance.
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Reduced density and reduced aircraft performance.
✓
56.
Compared to gliding in still air, the effect of a tailwind will:
Increase the glide angle and increase the glide range.
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Have no effect on the glide range or the rate of descent.
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Increase the glide range but have no effect on the glide endurance.
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Decrease the glide angle and decrease the rate of descent.
✓
57.
Which of the speeds indicated by A, B, C or D should be flown for maximum
endurance? (See LAPL/PPL 030-05)
D
✓
B
✓
C
✓
A
✓
58.
What is the effect of an increase in mass on the stalling speed and landing
distance required?
Decreased stall speed and decreased landing distance.
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Increased stall speed and increased landing distance.
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Decreased stall speed and increased landing distance.
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Increased stall speed and decreased landing distance.
✓
59.
When landing, if an aircraft's true air speed is significantly less than the true
ground speed then the aircraft is experiencing:
A reduced atmospheric density.
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A cross wind.
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A tailwind.
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A headwind.
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60.
If the approach and landing speed is higher than recommended speed in the
aircraft manual the effect will be that:
The landing distance will be unaffected.
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The landing performance will improve.
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The landing distance will be decreased.
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The landing distance will be increased.
✓
61.
What effect would a 1% downslope have on the landing distance required?
Decrease it by 10%.
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Increase it by 10%.
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Decrease it by 5%.
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Increase it by 5%.
✓
62.
Compared to landing on a level runway, what would be the effect of landing on a
downward sloping runway?
The landing performance will improve.
✓
The landing distance will be unaffected.
✓
The landing distance will be decreased.
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The landing distance will be increased.
✓
63.
If the stalling speed in the landing configuration is 55 knots. VREF would be
approximately:
75kt.
✓
69kt.
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71kt.
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65kt.
✓
64.
The VREF to be attained by the landing screen height of 50ft must be:
1.15 times the stalling speed in the takeoff configuration.
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1.43 times the stalling speed in the landing configuration.
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33% of stall speed.
✓
1.3 times the stalling speed in the landing configuration
✓
65.
If the aircraft mass is increased by 15%, the landing distance required will
increase approximately:
10% or by a factor of 1.1.
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15% or by a factor of 1.15.
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33% or by a factor of 1.33.
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20% or by a factor of 1.2.
✓
66.
Landings are carried out into wind because:
It will reduce the ground speed and reduce the landing distance required.
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It decreases the ground speed and reduces the landing distance available.
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It increases the ground speed and reduces the landing distance required.
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It gives the pilot greater control over the aircraft at lower speeds.
✓
67.
Determine if the aircraft mass is inside the limits (normal category). (See
LAPL/PPL 030-10)
mass (lb) moment/1000 (lbxin)
Empty mass 1,350 51,5
Pilot and front passenger 360
Rear passengers 280
Fuel 30 US gal.
Oil 8 qt -0,2
Forward of the forward limit.
✓
Aft of the aft limit.
✓
Inside limits.
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Inside limits, close to the forward limit.
✓
68.
What is the maximum amount of fuel that may be aboard the airplane on takeoff
if loaded as follows? (See LAPL/PPL 030-10)
mass (lb) moment/1000 (lbxin)
Empty mass 1,350 51,5
Pilot and front passenger 340
Rear passengers 310
Baggage 45
Oil 8 qt -0,2
40 USA gal
✓
46 USA gal.
✓
34 USA gal.
✓
24 USA gal
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69.
GIVEN:
mass (lb) arm(in) moment (lbxin)
Empty mass 1,495.0 101.4 151,593.0
Pilot and passenger 380.0 64.0
Fuel (100LL 0,72 kg/l) 30 US gal 96.0
The CG is located how far aft of datum?
92.44 in
✓
135.00 in.
✓
94.01 in.
✓
119.80 in.
✓
70.
Determine the moment with the following data: (See LAPL/PPL 030-10)
mass (lb) moment/1000 (lbxin)
Empty mass 1,350 51.5
Pilot and front passenger 340
Fuel (full std. tanks)
Oil 8 qt -0.2
74.9 lbxin.
✓
38.7 lbxin.
✓
69.9 lbxin.
✓
77.0 lbxin.
✓
71.
What is the maximum amount of baggage that may be loaded aboard the normal
category airplane for CG to remain inside proper limits? (See LAPL/PPL 030-10)
mass (lb) moment/1000 (lbxin)
Empty mass 1,350 51.5
Pilot and front passenger 250
Rear passengers 400
Fuel 30 US gal.
Baggage
Oil 8 qt -0.2
120 lbs.
✓
75 lbs.
✓
105 lbs.
✓
90 lbs.
✓
72.
The easiest way to determine the pressure altitude is setting an altimeter to:
The airport elevation and reading the value in the barometric window.
✓
Zero and reading the value in the barometric window.
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1013.2 hPa and reading the altitude.
✓
The airport elevation and reading the altitude.
✓
73.
Basic reason for calculating the density altitude is determining:
The flight levels above the transition altitude.
✓
The aircraft performance.
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The pressure altitude.
✓
The safe altitude over mountainous terrain.
✓
74.
What is pressure altitude?
The altitude indicated when the barometric pressure scale is set to 1013.2 hPa.
✓
The indicated altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature and pressure.
✓
The indicated altitude corrected for position and installation error.
✓
The altitude indicated when the barometric pressure scale is set to QFE.
✓
75.
Under which condition will pressure altitude be equal to true altitude?
When indicated altitude is equal to the pressure altitude.
✓
If the altimeter has no mechanical error.
✓
When standard atmospheric conditions exist
✓
When the atmospheric pressure is 1013.2 hPa.
✓
76.
Which of the factors below increases the density altitude of an airport?
Increase of atmospheric pressure.
✓
Decrease of relative humidity of the air.
✓
Increase of temperature.
✓
Decrease of temperature.
✓
77.
If the outside air temperature (OAT) at a given altitude is lower than standard, the
density altitude is:
Higher than pressure altitude.
✓
Higher than true altitude and lower than pressure altitude
✓
Lower than pressure altitude and approximately equal to true altitude.
✓
Lower than true altitude.
✓
78.
What is density altitude?
The height above the standard datum plane.
✓
The altitude read directly from the altimeter.
✓
The pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature.
✓
The altitude indicated when the barometric pressure scale is set to 1013.2 hPa.
✓
79.
Determine approximately density altitude of an airport, where the temperature is
standard and an altimeter set to 1011hPa, reads 1,300 ft:
1,300 ft.
✓
1,400 ft.
✓
1,240 ft.
✓
1,360 ft.
✓
80.
What is increase in density altitude if a temperature increases from 0 to 10°C and
if the pressure altitude of an airport remains 3,000 ft?
3,000 ft.
✓
1,200 ft.
✓
2,000 ft.
✓
2,200 ft.
✓
81.
What is the effect of a temperature increase of 12°C on the density altitude?
1,440-foot increase.
✓
1,650-foot increase.
✓
1,340-foot decrease.
✓
1,650-foot decrease.
✓
82.
Determine the density altitude of an airport for these conditions:
QNH 1025 hPa
Temperature -4°C
Elevation 3,850 ft
2,050 ft.
✓
2,900 ft.
✓
3,500 ft.
✓
3,800 ft.
✓
83.
Determine the density altitude of an airport for these conditions:
QNH 1010 hPa
Temperature 27°C
Elevation 5,250 ft
8,800 ft
✓
5,875 ft.
✓
7,890 ft.
✓
4,600 ft.
✓
84.
The density altitude could be approximately calculated from the pressure altitude
without using a navigation calculator by
Increasing the pressure altitude by 4% for each 10°C deviation from the standard temperature.
✓
Decreasing the pressure altitude by 4% for each 5°C deviation from the standard temperature.
✓
Increasing/decreasing the altitude above the sea level for the difference between the standard and actual atmospheric pressure, converted into an altitude.
✓
Increasing/decreasing the pressure altitude by 120 ft for each °C deviation above/below the standard temperature.
✓
85.
Which of the statements below, concerning take-off performance of a powered
aircraft regarding the density altitude is correct?
At higher density altitudes:
Aircraft accelerate poorer, because of reduced engine and propeller efficiency.
✓
Aircraft accelerate better, because of reduced drag due to thinner air.
✓
Aircraft must fly at lower-than-normal indicated airspeed in order to prevent excessive lift.
✓
Aircraft must fly at higher-than-normal indicated airspeed in order to produce enough lift.
✓
86.
How does higher air humidity affect aircraft take-off performance?
Take-off distances are:
Longer due to denser air.
✓
Longer due to thinner air.
✓
Shorter due to thinner air.
✓
Shorter due to denser air.
✓
87.
Which combination of atmospheric conditions will reduce aircraft takeoff and
climb performance?
High temperature, low relative humidity and low density altitude.
✓
High temperature, high relative humidity and high density altitude.
✓
Low temperature, low relative humidity and low density altitude.
✓
Low temperature, high relative humidity and high density altitude.
✓
88.
What influence does the increased mass have on powered aircraft takeoff
performance?
At given engine power the aircraft accelerates better, however the airspeed required for production of the lift necessary for lift-off remains unchanged.
✓
Each aircraft at given engine power accelerate equally regardless of the mass, however the airspeed required for overcoming the ground effect is greater.
✓
Each aircraft at given engine power accelerate equally regardless of the mass and the airspeed required for production of the lift necessary for lift-off remains unchanged.
✓
At given engine power the aircraft accelerates poorer; the airspeed required for the production of the lift necessary for leaving the ground is greater.
✓
89.
What effect does an uphill runway slope have on takeoff performance?
Decreases takeoff speed.
✓
Decreases takeoff distance.
✓
Increases takeoff distance.
✓
Increases takeoff speed.
✓
90.
What effect does high density altitude have on aircraft performance?
It increases engine performance.
✓
It increases climb performance.
✓
It increases takeoff performance.
✓
It reduces climb performance.
✓
91.
The airplane's or powered hang glider's best angle-of-climb speed (Vx) is used:
When clearing an obstacle.
✓
When trying to get cruising altitude quickly.
✓
When clearing a moving obstacle.
✓
When trying to climb without sacrificing cruising speed.
✓
92.
Which speed would provide the greatest gain in altitude in the shortest distance
during climb after takeoff?
Maneuvering speed (Va).
✓
Best angle-of-climb speed (Vx).
✓
Minimum speed (Vs).
✓
Best climb speed (Vy).
✓
93.
The aircraft's rate-of-climb during a steady climb depends on
Insufficient of power.
✓
Excess of thrust.
✓
Excess of power.
✓
Thrust available.
✓
94.
After takeoff, which airspeed would the pilot use to gain the most altitude in a
given period of time?
Best angle-of-climb speed (Vx).
✓
Minimum speed (Vs).
✓
Maneuvering speed (Va).
✓
Best climb speed (Vy).
✓
95.
What is the proper use for the best-rate-of-climb speed (Vy)?
When approaching high mountains.
✓
When trying to get cruising altitude quickly.
✓
When clearing an obstacle.
✓
When trying to avoid an excessive pitch attitude during a climb.
✓
96.
What is the influence of the wind on an aeroplane's rate of climb?
A tailwind will decrease the rate of climb.
✓
No effect.
✓
A tailwind will increase the rate of climb.
✓
A headwind will increase the rate of climb.
✓
97.
What influence does the wind have on an airplane's angle-of-climb?
No effect.
✓
A headwind will lessen the angle-of-climb.
✓
A tailwind will steepen the angle-of-climb.
✓
A headwind will steepen the angle-of-climb.
✓
98.
The aircraft's climb angle during a steady climb depends on:
Thrust required.
✓
Excess of power.
✓
Excess of thrust.
✓
Power available.
✓
99.
At takeoff from a short airfield with an airplane or a powered hang glider, which
airspeed should you fly until cleared of obstacles?
Best climb speed (Vy).
✓
Maneuvering speed (Va).
✓
Minimum speed (Vs).
✓
Best angle-of-climb speed (Vx).
✓
100.
During landing on an airport with high elevation the true air speed (TAS) of an
aircraft is higher than normal. What indicated speed (IAS) should be kept in such
cases?
Lower than normal.
✓
Increased for 5 kts for each 1,000 ft of airport elevation.
✓
Higher than normal.
✓
Normal speed, IAS.
✓
101.
Should you use the normal approach speed when approaching to land in gusty
wind conditions?
No. Use 0.8 times stall speed.
✓
No. Use 1.2 times stall speed.
✓
No. Add one half the "gust factor" to the calculated approach speed.
✓
Yes (go by Operator's Manual).
✓
102.
Maximum structural cruising speed is the maximum speed at which an airplane
can be operated:
At normal operations.
✓
During abrupt maneuvers.
✓
With flaps extended.
✓
In smooth air.
✓
103.
Why should speeds in flight above VNE is prohibited?
Excessive induced drag will result in a structural failure.
✓
The design limit factor may be exceeded, if gusts are encountered.
✓
Control effectiveness is so impaired that the aircraft becomes uncontrollable.
✓
Lift reverts and the aircraft will stall.
✓
104.
Which V-speed represents maneuvering speed?
VX.
✓
VNE.
✓
VA.
✓
VLO.
✓
105.
Maneuvering speed (VA) is the highest speed at which even full abrupt deflection
of the elevator will not exceed
Negative limit load factor.
✓
Never exceed speed (VNE).
✓
Positive limit load factor.
✓
Load factor 1 g.
✓
106.
What does "Best Endurance Speed" for a propeller aircraft mean?
Maximum time aloft per unit of fuel (flying with least power).
✓
Maximum distance between two stops.
✓
Maximum time between two stops.
✓
Maximum distance per unit of fuel (flying with least drag).
✓
107.
Determine the takeoff distance over a 50-foot obstacle under the following
conditions: See LAPL/PPL 030-08
Pressure altitude 0 ft
temperature standard
mass 1900 lb
wind calm
surface grass, dry
1,030 ft
✓
950 ft
✓
1,180 ft.
✓
920 ft
✓
108.
Determine the ground roll distance required for takeoff:
(See LAPL/PPL 030-08)
Pressure altitude 2,000 ft
temperature 40°C
mass 2100 lb
wind tail 4 kt
surface tarmac
850 ft.
✓
935 ft.
✓
1,120 ft.
✓
565 ft.
✓
109.
Determine the takeoff distance over a 50-foot obstacle under the following
conditions: (See LAPL/PPL 030-08)
pressure altitude 4,000 ft
temperature 15°C
mass 2300 lb
wind calm
surface asphalt
1,970 ft.
✓
1,125 ft.
✓
2,100 ft.
✓
1,210 ft.
✓
110.
Determine the takeoff distance over a 50-foot obstacle under the following
conditions: (See LAPL/PPL 030-08)
pressure altitude 2,000 ft
temperature 30°C
mass 2100 lb
wind head 18 kt
surface grass, dry
1,565 ft
✓
1,555 ft.
✓
2,945 ft.
✓
1,350 ft.
✓
111.
Determine the total distance required to land. (See LAPL/PPL 030-09)
pressure altitude 1,000 ft
temperature 30°C
mass 2300 lb
wind head 9 kt
surface tarmac
1197 ft.
✓
509 ft.
✓
1330 ft.
✓
565 ft.
✓
112.
Determine the ground roll distance after landing. (See LAPL/PPL 030-09)
pressure altitude 0 ft
temperature 10°C
mass 2300 lb
wind head 10 kt
surface grass, dry
1790 ft.
✓
510 ft.
✓
1235 ft.
✓
739 ft.
✓
113.
Determine the ground roll distance after landing. (See LAPL/PPL 030-09)
pressure altitude 0 ft
temperature 15°C
mass 2300 lb
wind calm
surface tarmac
510 ft.
✓
545 ft.
✓
530 ft.
✓
520 ft.
✓
114.
Determine the ground roll distance after landing. (See LAPL/PPL 030-09)
pressure altitude 3,000 ft
temperature 20°C
mass 2300 lb
wind calm
surface grass, dry
660 ft.
✓
590 ft.
✓
685 ft.
✓
855 ft.
✓
115.
Determine the total distance over a 50-foot obstacle required to land.
(See LAPL/PPL 030-09)
pressure altitude 1,000 ft
temperature 10°C
mass 2300 lb
wind tail 10 kt
surface tarmac
1360 ft.
✓
1265 ft.
✓
1850 ft.
✓
1,900 ft.
✓
116.
Determine the total distance over a 50-foot obstacle required to land.
(See LAPL/PPL 030-09)
pressure altitude 1,500 ft
temperature 30°C
mass 2300 lb
wind calm
surface tarmac
1,320 ft.
✓
1,280 ft.
✓
1,385 ft.
✓
1,350 ft.
✓
117.
Determine the total distance over a 50-foot obstacle required to land.
(See LAPL/PPL 030-09)
pressure altitude 0 ft
temperature 0°C
mass 2300 lb
wind head 18 kt
surface grass, dry
1,140 ft.
✓
1,205 ft.
✓
965 ft.
✓
1,445 ft.
✓
118.
What will be the airspeed of an airplane in level flight under the following
conditions? (See LAPL/PPL 030-07)
pressure altitude 8,000 ft
temperature 20°C below standard
power setting 55%
120 kts.
✓
104 kts.
✓
110 kts.
✓
115 kts.
✓
119.
What is the expected fuel consumption for a 250-nautical flight under the
following conditions?
(See LAPL/PPL 030-07)
pressure altitude 6,000 ft
temperature 20°C above standard
power setting 60%
wind calm
19.7 USA gal.
✓
12.0 USA gal.
✓
15.1 USA gal.
✓
16.0 USA gal.
✓
120.
What is the expected fuel consumption for a 350-nautical flight under the
following conditions?
(See LAPL/PPL 030-07)
pressure altitude 4,000 ft
temperature 20°C below standard
power setting 60%
wind calm
15.3 USA gal.
✓
14.9 USA gal.
✓
22.7 USA gal.
✓
18.6 USA gal.
✓
121.
Approximately what engine RPM should be set during cruising at the pressure
altitude 2,000 ft and with standard temperature in order to develop 60% of
power? (See LAPL/PPL 030-07)
2500 RPM.
✓
2400 RPM.
✓
2200 RPM.
✓
2300 RPM.
✓
122.
What is the expected fuel consumption under the following conditions?
(See LAPL/PPL 030-07)
pressure altitude 8,000 ft
temperature 20°C below standard
power setting 55%
5.7 USA gal/h.
✓
5.8 USA gal/h.
✓
6.2 USA gal/h.
✓
5.2 USA gal/h.
✓
123.
Which forward speed is normally maintained, following an engine failure in flight
in a light airplane?
Minimum rate of descend speed.
✓
Best glide speed.
✓
Minimum speed.
✓
Best endurance speed.
✓
124.
The forward speed for minimum rate of descent of an aircraft, compared with its
best glide speed, is:
Often higher.
✓
Often lower.
✓
Always higher.
✓
Always lower.
✓
125.
What should be done first, following an aircraft's engine failure in flight?
Move the mixture lever to position FULL RICH.
✓
Carburetor heat must be applied.
✓
Select the gliding attitude with best glide speed.
✓
Select a suitable field for forced landing.
✓
126.
An aircraft without an engine will fly the longest distance from a given altitude at
the angle of attack at which:
Lift coefficient retains its maximum value.
✓
Parasite drag is equal to the lift coefficient.
✓
Parasite drag is the least.
✓
Induced drag and parasite drag are equal.
✓
127.
What is the headwind component for a landing on Runway 18 if the tower reports
the wind as 220°/30 kts? (See LAPL/PPL 030-06)
19 kts.
✓
34 kts.
✓
30 kts.
✓
23 kts.
✓
128.
What is the crosswind component for a landing on Runway 18 if the tower
reports the wind as 220°/30 kts? (See LAPL/PPL 030-06)
19 kts.
✓
34 kts.
✓
30 kts.
✓
23 kts.
✓
129.
Which runway (06, 14, 24, 32) will you choose for landing, if tower reports south
wind 20 kts and if maximum allowed crosswind component for your aircraft is 13
kts? (See LAPL/PPL 030-06)
RWY 14.
✓
RWY 06.
✓
RWY 32.
✓
RWY 24.
✓
130.
With the reported wind of 360°/20 kts you are approaching an airport. Which
runway (06, 14 or 24) would you choose for landing, if your airplane had a 13-
knots maximum allowed crosswind component on landing? (See LAPL/PPL 030-
06)
RWY 24.
✓
RWY 14.
✓
RWY 06.
✓
RWY 32.
✓
131.
What are the headwind and crosswind components with the reported wind of
280°/15 kts for a runway with the magnetic direction 220°? (See LAPL/PPL 030-
06)
7.5 kts headwind and 13 kts crosswind.
✓
15.5 kts headwind and 8 kts crosswind.
✓
15.5 kts headwind and 15 kts crosswind.
✓
13.5 kts headwind and 24 kts crosswind.
✓
132.
Determine the maximum wind velocity for a 45° crosswind if the maximum
crosswind component for the airplane is 25 kts? (See LAPL/PPL 030-06)
18 kts.
✓
29 kts.
✓
25 kts.
✓
35 kts.
✓
133.
Determine the maximum wind velocity for a 40° crosswind if the maximum
crosswind component for the airplane is 10 kts? (See LAPL/PPL 030-06)
18 kts.
✓
20 kts.
✓
15 kts.
✓
12 kts.
✓
134.
Determine the maximum wind velocity for a 30° crosswind if the maximum
crosswind component for the airplane is 10 kts? (See LAPL/PPL 030-06)
20 kts.
✓
13 kts.
✓
18 kts.
✓
16 kts.
✓
135.
What are the headwind and crosswind components with the reported wind of
030°/10 kts for a runway with the magnetic direction 330°? (See LAPL/PPL 030-
06)
8 kts headwind and 8 kts crosswind.
✓
10 kts headwind and 8 kts crosswind.
✓
5 kts headwind and 8 kts crosswind.
✓
8 kts headwind and 4 kts crosswind.
✓
136.
AIP Supplements:
Change temporary information given in AIP.
✓
Are published in white paper.
✓
Change permanently information given in AIP.
✓
Are published in blue paper.
✓
137.
If an aircraft does not give announcement from departure within 30 minutes from
the time written in the flight plan, the phase that starts is called:
Exception phase
✓
Alert phase
✓
Uncertainty phase
✓
Distress phase
✓
138.
Which of the following is the best way to check the fuel amount before a flight?
Ask about it from the person who filled up the tank.
✓
Comparing fuel gauge reading and the amount measured from the tanks.
✓
Ask about it from the last person who flew the plane.
✓
With fuel gauge instruments during engine run-up
✓
139.
Which of the following is the density that is used when counting mass of 100LL
fuel?
0,99 kg/l
✓
0,62 kg/l
✓
0,72 kg/l
✓
0,68 kg/l
✓
140.
Clearway is:
TODA - TORA, and it can be fully used when calculating landing distance.
✓
TORA + ASDA, and it can not be used when calculating landing distance.
✓
TODA - TORA, and is has nothing to do with landing distance calculations.
✓
ASDA - TORA, and it can be fully used when calculating acceleration-stop distance.
✓
141.
Runway lenghts available (TORA, TODA, ASDA, LDA) can be found from:
AIP part AD
✓
ICAO Annex 14
✓
ICAO VFR chart
✓
AIP part GEN
✓
142.
Which of the following statement concerning the 45 minutes final reserve fuel is
correct?
That much fuel must be left in the tanks after a cross-country flight.
✓
This fuel amount does not obligate private flight operations.
✓
The 45 minutes final reserve obligates only jet aircfats.
✓
That is the minimum amount of fuel that must be left after a flight. If this reserve is used during the flight it is an emergency situation.
✓
143.
AIP Supplements can be found from:
OPS M1-6
✓
Rules of the air (SERA)
✓
AIP part 1
✓
NOTAM file from Briefing
✓
144.
Altitudes for Rovaniemi aerodrome traffic circuit can be found from:
AIP part 1
✓
Air traffic controller's handbook, "Aerodromes"
✓
1:500000 VFR chart
✓
Rules of the air, "minimum altitudes"
✓
145.
What is a standard mass for a 2-12 years old child in flight operations with an
aircraft which maximum certificated take-off mass is 5700 kg?
40 kg.
✓
30 kg.
✓
35 kg.
✓
25 kg.
✓
146.
What is a standard mass for an adult in flight operations with an aircraft which
maximum certificated take-off mass is 5700 kg?
85 kg.
✓
80 kg.
✓
70 kg.
✓
75 kg.
✓
147.
In VFR flight, an aircraft must have enough fuel for:
Starting an engine, engine run-up, taxi, a flight from departure to destination aerodrome, and also a 45 minutes final reserve.
✓
Starting an engine, engine run-up, a flight from departure to destination aerodrome, and also a 30 minutes final reserve.
✓
A flight from departure to destination aerodrome, and also a 30 minutes final reserve.
✓
A flight from depature to destination aerodrome, and also a 45 minutes final reserve.
✓
148.
Your speed is to low when the aircraft rotates. What is the consequence?
You fly at best angle of climb speed.
✓
Stalling speed decreases.
✓
You fly at best best rate of climb speed.
✓
Take-off distance increases.
✓
149.
Density altitude means:
Pressure altitude in relation to airfield's elevation.
✓
Altitude from mean sea level at a certain temperature.
✓
Pressure altitude in ISA conditions temperature correction.
✓
True altitude temperature correction.
✓
150.
Performance figures given by the manufacturer of an aeroplane in its POH
(pilot's operating handbook) are based on measurements and calulations in one
of the below listed conditions. Choose the correct alternative:
ICAO standard atmosphere conditions
✓
density altitude 0 ft and temperature 0°C
✓
normal summer conditions in the manufacturing area
✓
standard conditions agreed by the General Aviation Manufacturers' Association (GAMA)
✓
151.
64 liters of 100LL weights:
46 kg
✓
74 kg
✓
88 kg
✓
55 kg
✓
152.
How runway slope affects on the take-off and landing distances?
Slope does not have effects on the distances.
✓
A downhill slope increases take-off distance but decreases landing distance.
✓
An uphill slope increases take-off distance but decreases landing distance.
✓
An uphill slope decreases both take-off and landing distances.
✓
153.
The centre of gravity of an aeroplane is:
A point through which the lift force of the wing acts
✓
In location given in the POH by the manufacturer of the aeroplane
✓
A point where the whole mass of the aeroplane can be considered concentrated
✓
The reference point for arms of the masses for balance calculations
✓
154.
If you load an aeroplane Centre of Gravity to the aft limit instead of the forward
limit and fly at the same altitude and cruise power, you will notice that:
Maximum range increases
✓
The cruising airspeed is lower
✓
The elevator control movements turn heavier
✓
Its stall speed increases
✓
155.
Which one of the following statements concerning the mass and balance
calculation is correct?
Force = arm / moment
✓
The arm and the moment of a load placed at the GC are both zero
✓
Moment = force x arm
✓
Moment is the distance of the effect of the force from the GC of the aeroplane
✓
156.
When starting a climbing turn from straight climb without changing the power
setting your climb rate (ft/min):
Increaces significantly if you fly at above 5000 ft altitude
✓
Increases slightly
✓
Is reduced
✓
Stays unchanged
✓
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