Pairs #5 (Historical Geography Edition)

Alsace and Burgundy: A bailiwick of the Teutonic Order within the Holy Roman Empire from 1212 until 1805, when it was divided between the Electorate of Baden and the Electorate of Württemberg.

Antigua and Barbuda: A sovereign island country in the Caribbean.

The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago: The southernmost island country in the Caribbean.

The Free Cities of Menton and Roquebrune: After seceding from Monaco in May 1848, these two cities formed an autonomous union that lasted only until they became a protectorate of the Kingdom of Sardinia in May 1849.

Champaign and Urbana: Twin Illinois cities that anchor the Champaign-Urbana metropolitan area.

The Duchy of Opole and Racibórz: A historical duchy formed in 1202 from the union of the Upper Silesian duchies of Opole and the Racibórz. The duchy was split again in 1281, but recreated in 1521 by Jan II the Good. When Jan died without issue in 1532, the duchy became a fiefdom of the Bohemian Crown.

Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia: An unrecognized state declared in two 1860 ordinances from Antoine de Tounens, a French lawyer and adventurer, who claimed that the regions of Araucanía and eastern Patagonia in South America did not depend on any other states and proclaimed himself king of Araucanía and Patagonia.

The Duchy of Courland and Semigallia: A historical duchy that was a vassal state of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from 1561-1569, was a part of the Crown of the Polish Kingdom from 1569-1726, was incorporated into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1726, and was then annexed by the Russian Empire in the Third Partition of Poland in 1795.

Minneapolis and Saint Paul: Twin cities in Minnesota, and the anchors of the seven-county Minneapolis-Saint Paul metropolitan area.

The Turks and Caicos Islands: A British Overseas Territory consisting of the larger Caicos Islands and smaller Turks Islands, two groups of tropical islands in the Lucayan Archipelago of the Atlantic Ocean and northern West Indies.

Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha: A historical duchy (1826–1918) consisting of lands in the present-day German states of Thuringia and Bavaria.

The Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands: An Australian External Territory comprising a volcanic group of mostly barren Antarctic islands, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar to Antarctica.

The Territorial Collectivity of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon: A self-governing territorial overseas collectivity of France in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean, located near the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.

Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands: An uninhabited Australian external territory consisting of four low-lying tropical islands in two separate reefs (Ashmore and Cartier), as well as the 12-nautical-mile (22 km; 14 mi) territorial sea generated by the islands.

The Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe: An island country in the Gulf of Guinea, off the western equatorial coast of Central Africa.

The Duchy of Massa and Carrara: Also known as the Duchy of Massa and the Principality of Carrara, a small state that controlled the towns of Massa and Carrara from 1473 until 1829. Today, Massa-Carrara is a province in the Tuscany region of central Italy.

The Principality of Lucca and Piombino: A state created in July 1805 by Napoleon I for his beloved sister Elisa Bonaparte, who was installed as head of state. In 1814, the Imperial Austrian Army occupied Lucca, ending French control with the fall of Napoleon. Under the Congress of Vienna, Piombino was given to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.

Bosnia and Herzegovina: A country in Southeast Europe, in the Balkans.

The Duchy of Brunswick and Lüneburg: A historical duchy that existed between 1235 and 1806 in what is today northwestern Germany.

The United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway: A personal union of the separate kingdoms of Sweden and Norway under a common monarch and common foreign policy that lasted from 1814 until its peaceful dissolution in 1905.

The Great Republic of Rough and Ready: The town of Rough and Ready, California seceded from the union on 7 April 1850, largely to avoid mining taxes, but rejoined the union on 4 July 1850.

The Territory of the Wallis and Futuna Islands: A French island collectivity in the South Pacific.

The Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia: A British Overseas Territory on the island of Cyprus.

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: An island country in the eastern Caribbean.