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Biggest Cities of the Mexican Cession and Texas in 1850 with a Map

With the help of a map, can you name the most populous cities with an estimated population of over 1,000 in the territories of the Mexican Cession and Texas shortly after the Compromise of 1850?
Click on the map to zoom in.
Sources used for population estimates listed in this Pastebin.
Some of these settlements no longer exist and have since been abandoned.
Quiz by Dekkie
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Last updated: February 2, 2024
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First submittedFebruary 2, 2024
Times taken76
Average score31.6%
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Population
State / Territory
City
25,000
California
San Francisco
15,000
California
Mokelumne Hill
10,000
California
Texas Flat
6,820
California
Sacramento
5,623
California
Placerville
5,000
California
Columbia
5,000
California
Downieville
5,000
California
Jamestown
5,000
California
Sonora
4,846
New Mexico
Santa Fe
4,658
Utah
Salt Lake City
4,177
Texas
Galveston
4,000
California
San Jose
3,488
Texas
San Antonio
3,000
California
Forbestown
3,000
California
New Almaden
3,000
California
Sierra City
2,683
California
Nevada City
2,400
California
Stockton
Population
State / Territory
City
2,396
Texas
Houston
2,196
New Mexico
La Cuesta
2,008
New Mexico
San Miguel del Vado
2,000
California
Springfield
1,610
California
Los Angeles
1,550
New Mexico
Las Vegas
1,500
California
Camanche
1,500
California
Jackson
1,500
California
Marysville
1,500
California
Michigan Bar
1,320
New Mexico
Tecolote
1,302
California
Auburn
1,298
Texas
New Braunfels
1,294
New Mexico
Zuni Pueblo
1,200
California
Murphy's Camp
1,189
Texas
Marshall
1,092
California
Monterey
1,000
California
San Andreas
1,000
California
Volcano
+2
Level 55
Feb 2, 2024
While a lot of city data is recorded in the 1850 Census, a lot of it is incomplete:

Since this is during the Gold Rush in California, population estimates are also very hard to get right and had to do a lot of reading and look through a lot of sources to get California's towns as accurate possible, so please bare with me if there's any errors in respect to this region.

As for Utah Territory, no estimates for localities were given and only populations for counties were given, but luckily I was able to find an estimate for Salt Lake City calculated through the amount of households in the region.

+2
Level 51
Feb 2, 2024
hi dekkie!
+2
Level 55
Feb 2, 2024
Hi.
+2
Level 67
Feb 2, 2024
Cool quiz. Hard to believe Austin didn't have 1,000 people at the time.
+3
Level 55
Feb 2, 2024
Thanks! Only 629 people were recorded in Austin in 1850 and Dallas wasn't included in the census at all.
+3
Level 67
Feb 3, 2024
Just imagine how different the world would be if Mexico had kept that area. Instead of one global superpower and a far less important subordinaty middle power we would have two nearly equal powers competing for North American hegemony