Definition
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Keyword
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The senses that provide internal information from within the body
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Proprioceptors
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The inner sense that gives information about body position and muscular tension
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Kinesthesis
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The sporting environment
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Display
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So named since it performs a number of functions
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Working memory
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Going over the action in the mind without physical movement
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Mental practise
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Information from the environment
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Initial conditions
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Information about what to do
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Response specifications
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Information picked up by the senses
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Input stage
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The methods by which data from the environment are collected and utilised
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Information processing
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The important and relevant items of information from the display such as the flight of the ball
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Stimuli
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Controls movement, happens during the action
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Recognition schema
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The senses that pick up information from the display
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Receptor systems
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Deals with the auditory information from the senses and helps produce the memory trace
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Phenological loop
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Linking the stored actions of a skill to a stored emotion or other action
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Association
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Co-ordinates the sight, hearing and movement information from the working memory into sequences to be sent to the long-term memory
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Episode buffer
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Adapting and comparing coded information to memory so that decisions can be made
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Translatory mechanisms
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The time taken to complete the task
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Movement time
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Breaking the skilled action into parts or sub-routines
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Chunking
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The control centre of the working memory model, it uses three other 'systems' to control all the information moving in and out of the memory system
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Central executive
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The network of nerves that sends coded impulses to the muscles
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Effector mechanism
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Used to temporarily store visual and spatial information
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Visuospatial sketchpad
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The process of coding and interpreting sensory information
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Perception
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A delay when a second stimulus is presented before the first has been processed
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Psychological refractory period
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Filtering relevant information from irrelevant information
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Selective attention
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Initiates movement, comes before the action
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Recall schema
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Changing the type and content of the practise session
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Varied practise
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The time taken from the onset of a stimulus to the onset of a response
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Reaction time
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The time taken from the onset of a stimulus to the completion of a task
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Response time
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Receives information from the working memory and has an unlimited capacity for the storage of motor programmes
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Long-term memory
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Feedback about the result
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Response outcome
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Reaction time increases as the number of choices increases
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Hick's law
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When it is going to happen
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Temporal anticipation
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Where and what is going to happen
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Spatial anticipation
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Information about the feel of the movement
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Sensory consequences
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Pre-judging a stimulus
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Anticipation
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