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Question
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Answer
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What is the term given to the authoritative instruction that sets out a party's policy agenda for when they become the government during an election, and gives them a mandate to enact said policy?
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Manifesto
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What is the term given to the electoral system in which the winning candidate must achieve an absolute majority of votes cast in a single-member constituency?
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Majoritarian System
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What is the electoral system in which the candidate with the most votes in a single-member constituency wins?
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Plurality System
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What is the electoral system that uses multi-member constituencies in which an electoral formula is used to match the percentage of seats won by each party to the percentage of votes they won?
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Proportional Representation
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What is the electoral system where a proportion of representatives are elected under one electoral system, and the others are elected as 'additional members' with another electoral system?
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Mixed System
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What is the term given to a constituency in which the incumbent party has a large majority, and which is usually retained by the same political party at election after election?
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Safe Seats
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What is the term given to a constituency where the incumbent party has a small majority and which may thus be won by a different party at the next election?
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Marginal Seats
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What is the term given to the extent of change in support for one party to support for another party from one election to another?
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Swing
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What is the term given to the share of seats that the first-placed party wins in excess of its share of the vote under FPTP? The system exaggerates the support received by the most popular party, giving it more seats than is proportional to the number of votes it received.
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Winner's Bonus
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What type of government is FPTP likely to produce which is a benefit to the system?
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Majortiy Government
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What is the term given to the process of voting for the candidate most likely to defeat the voter's least favoured candidate rather than voting for the voters preferred candidate?
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Tactical Voting
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What is the term given to a vote for a losing candidate in a single-member constituency, or a vote for a winning candidate that was surplus to the plurality required for victory?
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Wasted Votes
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What is the term given to the situation often found in two-party systems in which the government is confronted by an opposition party that offers a different policy programme and is hostile towards the government even when in broad agreement with it?
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Adversial Politics
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What is a the voting system used to elect the mayors of London and involves voting recording their first and second preferances on the ballot paper? If no candidate wins a majority of first perferences, all but the top two candidates are eliminated and the second preference votes for the two remaining candidates are added to the first preference votes.
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Supplementary Vote
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What is the voting system used in Northern Ireland and the European Parliament and involves preferential and ordinal voting? A candidate must reach a quota which is calculated using an election formula, if no candidate reaches a quota then the lowest-placed candidate is eliminated and the second preferences are transferred. This continues until the requisite number of seats is filled by candidates meeting the quota.
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Single Transferable Vote
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What is the voting system used in Scotland and involves aspects of a variety of different electoral systems? A proportion of seats are elected through the use of FPTP, before the rest are elected using the regional list system. Electors cast two votes, one for their favoured candidate in a single-member constituency and one for their favoured party from a closed party list in a multi-member constituency. Then the regional list seats are allocated using the d'Hondt formula and candidates are selected in accordance to where they appear in the party list.
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Additional Member System
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How many referendums has there been since 1997? Consider that there have been 14 referendums in total, with only three being UK-wide.
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10
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What was the turnout for the Scottish independence referendum in 2014? It was the highest referendum turnout in UK history.
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84.6%
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In comparison to this, what was the turnout for the AV referendum in 2011?
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42.2%
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What was the largest percentage of seats that any post war Prime Minister has had? It was Blair in 1997.
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63.4%
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