Ten Key Figures in the Protestant Reformation

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An English scholar, he was one of the earliest opponents of papal authority. He is noted for creating an English translation of the New Testament. His followers became know as Lollards.

A Bohemian reformer who was burned to death in1415 at the Council of Constance for refusng to recant his heretical vews.

A German Dominican friar who became infamous for his aggresive sale of indulgences. Among his promises was the claim that the living could purchase indulgences for deceased relatives to reduce their time in purgatory.

A German monk and priest, he is famous for posting his 95 Theses on the doors of the Wittenberg cathedral, challengng debate on a number of Church doctrines.

The pope at the time of the onset of the Protestant Reformation, he is famous for granting indulgences to those who donated to the reconstruction of St. Peter's Basillica in Rome.

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The Holy Roman Emperor at the onset of the Protestant reform movement, he convened the Diet of Worms in 1521 and summoned the German monk who had posted the 95 Theses to force him to recant his heretical views.

This English monarch is known for his role in establishing the Church of England as independent from the Catholic Church, and for the disolution of monasteries across England.

A French theologian, he fled to Geneva Switzerland to lead a reformation movement in that city. He is famous for his teachings of a belief in predestination.

This Swiss refomer attacked the practise of tithing as being a divine institution. He and several followers deliberately ate sausages during Lent; an event that became known as the "Affair of the Sausages" and is considered by some to have signalled the start of the reformation in Switzerland.

The Queen of England and Ireland from 1553 to 1558, she restored Roman Catholicism in her realm and had 280 religious dissidents burned at the stake.