|
Hint
|
Author
|
Date
|
Methods
|
|
OEC rat thoracic spinal transections
|
Ramon-Cueto
|
2003
|
-
|
|
Rat CST lesion OEC transplant, cells do not pass scar but functional recovery
|
Yamamoto
|
2009
|
high power imaging
|
|
OEC injections dogs w contusive spinal cord injury--> increased hindlimb coordination but no long tract improvement
|
Granger
|
2012
|
-
|
|
Paralysed man regained some function post OEC transplant
|
Tabakow
|
2014
|
-
|
|
Antibodies versus TGFbeta1,2 decreases astrocytic response
|
Moon
|
2001
|
GFAP immunohistochemistry
|
|
Ablation of astrocytes in mice increased oedema, leukocyte recruitment, BBB permeability and neuronal loss v WT
|
Bush
|
1999
|
-
|
|
STAT3 selective KO mice
|
Wanner
|
2013
|
|
|
Rho inhibition--> neurite extension to previously inhibitory stripes, CSPG inhibition usually leads to Rho-mediated growth cone collapse
|
Monnier
|
2003
|
-
|
|
Intrathecal ChABC injections increased fibres crossing a lesion (cats)
|
Bradbury
|
2002
|
-
|
|
ChABC increased sprouting (rat sensorimotor cortex), very limited regeneration
|
Garcia-Alias
|
2009
|
(Also Shield 2008)
|
|
Rolipram (PDE IV inhibitor) reduced astrocyte activation, enhanced serotenergic fibre regeneration.
|
Nikulina
|
2004
|
GFAP stain, then 5-HT immunohistochemistry
|
|
Cells overexpressing alpha synuclein have defective exocytosis
|
Nemani
|
2010
|
pHlourin
|
|
Alpha synuclein KO mice have greater vesicle availability
|
Abeliovich
|
2000
|
-
|
|
Alpha synuclein enhances DAT transport to the membrane
|
Lee
|
2001
|
Co-expression of alpha-synuclein, DAT
|
|
Increased VMAT2 when alpha-synuclein is knocked down
|
Fountaine
|
2008
|
in vitro alpha synuclein knockdown
|
|
Cells overexpressing alpha synuclein have impaired chaperone-mediated autophagy; Rab localisation is massively altered in yeast overexpressing alpha synuclein
|
Xilouri
|
2009
|
-
|
|
Alpha synuclein increases mitochondrial fragmentation
|
Kamp
|
2010
|
-
|
|
Parkin mutations, Pink1 mutations decrease number of DAergic neurons in the brain; the expression of parkin rescued both phenotypes
|
Park
|
2006
|
Drosophila
|
|
DJ-1 mutation causes mitochondrial dysfunction, DJ-1 expression can rescue Pink1 mutants
|
Hao
|
2010
|
DJ-1 mutant flies
|
|
LRRK2 is specifically localised in lysosomal-autophagic organelles; knockdown of LRRK2 increases LC-III turnover and autophagy
|
Wade-Martins
|
2009
|
siRNA knockdown
|
|
hESC derived DAergic midbrain neurons implanted to mouse PD model, MPTP-lesioned Rhesus monkeys
|
Kriks
|
2011
|
hESCs differentiated to DAergic midbrain neurons
|
|
iPSCs succesfully converted from fibroblasts into midbrain neurons
|
Pfisterer
|
2011
|
-
|
|
Greater Abeta42 deposition in ApoE homozygotes; also increased plaque binding (PET)
|
Castellano
|
|
Cognitively normal >70y.o; PET (PIB-radiotracer (plaque))
|
|
Induced KO of ApoE in hippocampus reduced insoluble Abeta42 by 50% in hAPP mice
|
Bien-Ly
|
2012
|
KI human ApoEepsilon4 flanked by loxP; Cre recombinase to KO in hippocampus of hAPP mice
|
|
Very little degeneration of Tau KO hippocampal neurons when cultured in Abeta (versus WT)
|
Rapoport
|
2002
|
Tau KO, Abeta culture
|
|
Abeta activates NMDARs, which can be partially blocked by subunit antagonism
|
Li
|
2011
|
-
|
|
There is very little neuroanatomical or temporal correlation between plaques and degen.
|
Braak
|
1991
|
|
|
Abeta oligomers cause neuron death
|
Jean
|
2015
|
Infused Abeta oligomers to hippocampi of mice
|
|
There is a strong positive correlation between Abeta oligomers and Tau pathology
|
Lesne
|
2013
|
-
|
|
Accumulation of autophagosomes in neurons from AD brains
|
Nixon
|
2005
|
-
|
|
Less acidity of lysosomes in presenelin KO mice
|
Lee
|
2010
|
Immunofluorescent labelling
|
|
ApoE epsilon4 expression increased lysosomal leakage compared to ApoE epsilon3
|
Ji
|
2005
|
ApoE epsilon4 expression in vitro neurons
|
|
Inhibition of lysosomal proteolysis led to accumulation of electron-dense autophagosomes
|
Boland
|
2008
|
Inhibited cysteine proteases
|
|
Deletion of lysosomal cathepsin inhibitor in hAPP mice decreased e.c. amyloid, giant autolysosomes and caused behavioural improvements
|
Yang
|
2011
|
|
|
iPSCs from AD patients can be used to screen drugs, the subsequent neurons had increased Abeta secretion, phosphorylated Tau and activated GSK-3beta
|
Israel
|
2012
|
|
|
mAb versus ApoE reduced Abeta plaque load in hAPP mice, also recruited microglia
|
Basak
|
2012
|
|
|
Intracerebroventricular injection of Abs versus IL-12,IL-23 (microglial cytokines) decreased amyloid in hAPP mice and improved cognition
|
Vom Berg
|
2012
|
-
|
