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Definition
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Keyword
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The rate of change of velocity
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Acceleration
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When the resultant force on an object is zero (ΣF=0)
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Balanced Force
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The distance travelled by a moving vehicle after the brakes are put on, until it comes to a stop.
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Braking distance
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The point through which the weight of an object acts. If the object is supported beneath the centre of gravity, it will balance.
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Centre of gravity
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The rate of decrease of velocity.
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Deceleration
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Decribes the distance and direction from the starting position after a given time. A vector quantity that is measured in metres, (m)
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Displacement
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Describes the total distance travelled in a given time. A scalar quantity that is measured in metres, (m)
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Distance
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A number that desribes of how easily an object can move through a fluid (a liquid or a gas)
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Drag coefficient
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Describes materials that go back to their original shape and size after you have stretched or compressed them
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Elastic
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Force between two charged objects
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Electrostatic force
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The state of an object when all of the forces on it are balanced
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Equilibrium
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A verb that means "acted on" (used when describing forces)
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Exerted
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The increase in length from the original length when something is stretched. Extension = Final length - Initial length.
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Extension
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A push or a pull, measured in Newtons, (N)
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Force
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Movement under the force of weight alone
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Free fall
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The force that resists motion. Acts in the opposite direction to motion
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Friction
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The slope of a line on a graph (can be a curved or straight line). m=∆y/∆x.
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Gradient
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The force of gravity that acts on a mass of one kilogram (N/kg)
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Gravitational field strength
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Amount of material of an object, measured in kilograms (kg)
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Mass
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A contact force that acts perpendicular to a surface to balance the weight of an object when it is in contact with the surface.
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Normal reaction
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A material that changes shape when a force is applied and does not return to its original shape when the force is removed
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Plastic
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A relationship between two variables where doubling one variable will double the other variable. Graphically represented by a straight line graph that passes through the origin.
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Proportional
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The time between when a driver sees a problem and applies the brakes
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Reaction Time
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The sum of the forces on an object
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Resultant force
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A quantity that has size (magnitude) only (eg. Speed, Mass, Distance...)
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Scalar
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The rate of change of distance. A scalar quantity.
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Speed
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The total distance moved by a moving vehicle before it stops. SD = TD + BD.
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Stopping distance
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The constant speed reached by a falling object when the forces on it are balanced
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Terminal velocity
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The distance moved by a moving vehicle during the reaction time of the driver
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Thinking distance
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When the resultant force on an object is non-zero (ΣF≠0)
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Unbalanced Force
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An upward force acting on an object immersed in a fluid. Equal in magnitude to the weight of the fluid that the object displaces. Sometimes called buoyancy.
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Upthrust
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A quantity that has a size (magnitude) and a direction (eg. Velocity, Weight, Displacement, ...)
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Vector
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The rate of change of displacement. A vector quantity.
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Velocity
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Force of gravity acting on a mass ( N )
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Weight
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