Cardio - Fast Facts

acute HF treatment

heart valve most likely to be affected by endocarditis

ICDs are considered in patients with EF

Standard HF treatment

Med regimen for HFrEF includes these 3 classes

hpertriglyceridemia is treated with this class of meds

aspirin, P2Y12 inhibitors (clopidogrel) and glycoprotein IIA/IIB are all meds in this class of drugs

Heparin, fondaparinux, and direct thrombin inhibitors (dabigatran) are all meds in this drug class

Medication that improves intermittent claudication in PAD

ABI < this indicates PAD

Artery MC affected in PAD of the lower limbs

Triglycerides > this increase your risk for pancreatitis

Most common innocent murmur in kids, characterized by vibratory, musical quality

antihypertensive regimen in african americans includes these two med classes

Class X HF per the NYHA includes slight limitation of activity with normal daily activities

Class X HF per the NYHA includes pain/SOB even at rest

Congenital heart disease commonly associated with turner syndrome

Most common cause of aortic regurgitation

Surgical valve replacement/repair is indicated in pts w/ acute aortic regurgitation, symptomatic AR, or EF < what?

Pulsus bisferiens, triple apical impulse, and S4 are associated with

this type of MI is preload dependent; nitroglycerin is contraindicated

this med is contraindicated in RV (inferior) infarct

this class of meds is contraindicated in WPW

verapamil, amiodarone, digoxin, or beta-blockers are AV nodal blockers contraindicated in

med class contraindicated in cocaine induced MI and vasospastic angina

Medications that decrease preload such as nitrites, ACEi/ARBs, diuretics and digoxin should be avoided in

This class of drugs used in the tx of chronic stable angina should be avoided in acute decompensated HF

Midsystolic click is characteristic of

CABG is indicated if LAD stenosis exceeds

In addition to ASCVD score 7.5%+, LDL above what indicates the need for high intensity statin

Treat hypertriglyceridemia when tri exceed this value

Example of high intensity statin regimen

MCC of tricuspid stenosis

Left sided HF is MCC by

Right sided HF is MCC by

this class of meds, which includes epoprostenol, is used in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension

Patients will often present with a linear erythematous induration that is tender to palpation, or palpable cord on the leg, indicating this condition

disorders characterized by an opening snap

only two medications that reduce mortality in stable angina

the only valve disease for which valve replacement is preferred to valve repair

MC congenital heart condition among adults

MC congenital valve defect

pulmonary embolism is associated with this cardiac rhythm on EKG

first-line antihypertensive agents in patients with acute aortic dissection

first line tx for hypertensive crisis

surgical repair is indicated when abdominal aneurysm exceeds this size

endovenous laser ablation is indicated when venous reflux exceeds this many ms

refers to post-MI pericarditis

Hypotension, distended neck veins, and muffled heart sounds are known as Beck’s triad, indicating

MC pathogen responsible for acute pericarditis

reciprocal leads showing ST depression in inferior STEMI

lateral wall STEMI affects which artery?

amount of IV NS/LR Xmg/kg a patient should be given for shock

first-line vasopressor or inotropic agent of choice for cardiogenic shock

symptom caused by increased capillary hydrostatic pressure, hypoalbuminemia, increased capillary permeability, or lymphatic obstruction

“R on T” phenomenon refers to the cause of this dangerous rhythm which is preceded by multiple PVCs

the difference between the two types of premature cardiac contractions (PAC vs PVC) is that this form has a compensatory pause following

most common and most important predisposing risk factor found in patients with aortic dissection

MCC of aortic stenosis

sinus tachycardia w/ low QRS voltage on EKG is a sign of

MCC of nontraumatic cardiac tamponade

vagal maneuvers should first be attempted in this arrhythmia

classic symptoms of this cardiac emergency include abdominal/flank/back pain, hypotension, and pulsatile abdominal mass

Exam findings highly suggestive of this condition include an S3 gallop, abdominojugular reflux, and jugular venous distension

this hyperadrenergic state can cause acute heart failure, and may also present with the following symptoms: hyperthermia, hypertension, tachycardia (often out of proportion to temperature), anxiety, tremors, diaphoresis, hair thinning, diarrhea, exophthalmos, an anterior neck mass, dyspnea on exertion, elevated jugular venous pressure with jugular venous distension, and pulmonary edema

in hypertensive emergency, blood pressure should be reduced by this much within the first hour

MCC of mitral stenosis

ideal total cholesterol is less than

AAA above this size in diameter should be monitored regularly w/ US

Toxic megacolon is colonic dilation beyond

Most important predisposing risk factor for aortic dissection

MC valve disorder in the US

critical limb ischemia is defined as ABI <