Sociology: The News

This is a quiz based on the AQA A-Level Media topic in Sociology. Below are the words which need to be matched to their definitions: Media Ownership The Producers of News Globalisation Format New Technology/New Media Citizen Journalism Churnalism Fake news Stanley Cohen (1981)
Quiz by billyn
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Last updated: April 20, 2024
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First submittedMarch 13, 2024
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Answer
Hint
Citizen Journalism
This is a factor which affects the news:
-Increasingly used by media companies to help them have access to events – can't be everywhere.
-News coverage by 'ordinary' people can give an alternative view and can also help to expose bias or under representation of less powerful groups in society.
-Affects and shapes the mainstream news 'agenda'.
-Chaotic scenes in US Capitol - 6th January 2021.
-Footage of life during Russo-Ukrainian War.
-Nicola Bulley case - 'Disaster trolls' physically turning up to events (where she was last seen before disappearing) - this disrupted the crime case into finding out what happened to her.
Media Ownership
This is a factor which affects the news:
-Individual owners influencing content to suit their own dominant hegemonic viewpoint and status - for example, Rupert Murdoch, GB News, Twitter (X) - Elon Musk.
Desire for profit - competition in the media market means that news companies will want to attract audiences - need to please them and not offend them - often leads to 'infotainment' rather than serious hard journalism.
Format
This is a factor which affects the news:
-Transition from daily newspaper and scheduled TV news to rolling, constant news coverage - increased intensity of news.
-News less likely to be 'in depth' - impact of Twitter (X) and the length of a Tweet (post).
-'snacking'.
-Pressure to keep up can lead to 'churnalism'.
-Podcasts.
-'The Creeping TikTok bans' - BBC News.
New Technology/New Media
This is a factor which affects the news:
-News now instantly accessible anytime, anywhere.
-Audience no longer passive in receiving news.
-Rise of citizen journalism.
Stanley Cohen (1981)
In reference to the producers of news affecting the news, he states that the news media does not tell people what to think, but definitely tells them what to think about - we only see what we are given.
Answer
Hint
Globalisation
This is a factor which affects the news:
-The media market is global and 24/7 and instantly accessible.
-Media organisations are competing in the global marketplace.
-With platforms and social media, stories are harder to ignore because they go viral.
-We are also more aware of global events.
Churnalism
This is a factor which affects the news:
-Is the idea that journalists uncritically churn out articles based on second hand news-agency reports and pre-packaged material rather than digging out the news for themselves.
-This second-hand information often goes unchecked.
-Done to compete, cut costs and keep up with 24/7 demand.
-July 2020: According to Sky News, Bury St Edmunds was reported as likely to go into local lockdown - yet there were actually only 3 new reported cases that day in the whole of Suffolk.
Fake news
This is a factor which affects the news:
-There are two kinds of this:
-False stories that are deliberately published or sent around, in order to make people believe something untrue or to get lots of people to visit a website.
-Stories that may have some truth to them, but they're not completely accurate. This is because the people writing them - for example, journalists or bloggers - don't check all of the facts before publishing the story, or they might exaggerate some of it.
-Examples: AI reporting, BBC disinformation and social media correspondent Marianna Spring.
The Producers of News
This is a factor which affects the news:
-Journalists, editors, producers are part of the dominant hegemony.
-Journalists have a hierarchy of credibility - people they see as important in society; these primary definers appear in the news as 'right' or 'reasonable' whereas others are 'wrong' - for example, employers versus strikers.
-Use gatekeeping and agenda setting to maintain dominant hegemonic views - link to representations of crime, different age groups and social groups.
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