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Diseases, Disorders, Conditions, or Syndromes Named After People

An eponymous disease is a disease, disorder, condition, or syndrome named after a person: usually the physician or other health care professional who first identified the disease, or less commonly, a patient who suffered from the disease.
Listed in chronological order of the people's births.
For diseases named after two people, name either.
Quiz by interopia
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Last updated: February 21, 2022
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First submittedFebruary 21, 2022
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Description
Disease
Named After
Long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system
Parkinson's disease
James Parkinson (1755–1824)
Results in a temporary inability to control the facial muscles on the affected side of the face
Bell's palsy
Charles Bell (1774–1842)
Autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid, often resulting in eye bulging
Graves' disease
Robert James Graves (1796–1853)
A type of cancer of the white blood cells (half of cases caused by Epstein-Barr virus)
Hodgkin lymphoma
Thomas Hodgkin (1798–1866)
Inner ear disorder characterized by vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss
Ménière’s disease
Prosper Menière (1799–1862)
The most common type of muscular dystrophy, affecting mainly boys
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Duchenne de Boulogne (1806–1875 )
Caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21
Down syndrome
John Langdon Down (1828–1896)
Cancer presenting as purple spots, common in those with AIDS
Kaposi's sarcoma
Moritz Kaposi (1837–1902)
Inherited neurodegenerative disease resulting in unsteady gait and eventually dementia
Huntington's disease
George Huntington (1850–1916)
Neurological condition characterized by motor and vocal tics
Tourette syndrome
Georges Gilles de la Tourette (1857–1904)
Genetic disorder affecting connective tissue in which the affected are tall and thin with long appendages
Marfan syndrome
Antoine Marfan (1858–1942)
Neurodegenerative disease that is the cause of 60–70% of dementia cases
Alzheimer's disease
Alois Alzheimer (1864–1915)
Prolonged exposure to cortisol resulting in high blood pressure, obesity, fatigue, and fragile tissues
Cushing's syndrome
Harvey Cushing (1869–1939)
Rapid-onset muscle weakness caused by the immune system damaging the peripheral nervous system
Guillain–Barré syndrome
Georges Guillain (1876–1961), Jean Alexandre Barré (1880–1967)
An inflammatory bowel disease that may affect any segment of the gastrointestinal tract
Crohn's disease
Burrill Bernard Crohn (1884–1983)
AKA spongiform encephalopathy, it is caused by prions and similar to mad cow disease
Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
Hans Gerhard Creutzfeldt (1885–1964), Alfons Maria Jakob (1884–1931)
AKA amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or motor neurone disease (MND)
Lou Gehrig's disease
Lou Gehrig (1903–1941)
Autism spectrum disorder in which intelligence and language are unimpaired
Asperger syndrome
Hans Asperger (1906–1980)
Rapidly worsening brain disease, of which 90% of children's cases involve use of aspirin
Reye syndrome
Douglas Reye (1912–1977)
Condition in which a male has an extra X chromosome (XXY karyotype)
Klinefelter syndrome
Harry Klinefelter (1912–1990)
In developed countries, the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children
Kawasaki disease
Tomisaku Kawasaki (1925–2020)
interopia
+1
Level 85
Feb 21, 2022
Also try Famous Effects in Science and Psychology!
TheFishKing
+1
Level 60
Jun 18, 2023
Gillespie had a syndrome named after him
sprinklescitrus
+1
Level 20
Feb 13, 2024
Hashimoto's thyroiditis (similar to Graves' except completely opposed to it, in that it caused hypothyroidism rather than hyperthyroidism) is named after Dr. Hakaru Hashimoto
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