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Social Explanation to Schizophrenia

AQA A Level Psychology
Quiz by Fulham79
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Last updated: February 17, 2023
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First submittedFebruary 17, 2023
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What does the Social Causation Hypothesis suggest?
Schizophrenia may be caused my factors within the environment
What environmental risk factors are there?
Social adversity, Urbanicity, Social isolation, Immigration and minority status, Family dysfunction and childhood trauma
How does social adversity lead to schizophrenia?
Growing up in poorer environments make them vulnerable to mental health disorders and may receive poorer prognosis.
How does urbanicity lead to schizophrenia?
Eaton (1974) suggests that city life is more stressful (noise, crime, competition) than rural life which can trigger schizophrenia.
How does Vassos et al (2012) support urbanicity?
Vassos conducted a meta-analysis where he analysed 4 studies from Sweden, Denmark and Holland including nearly 24,000 cases of Schizophrenia. The risk of schizophrenia was 2.37 times higher in cities.
How does the social drift hypothesis challenge urbanicity?
People with schizophrenia may move to more urban environments for healthcare and for jobs. This may be a reason for Vassos' findings.
How does social isolation lead to schizophrenia?
Faris (1934) suggested that cultural isolation leads to schizophrenia as social pressures on strange behaviour won't apply and therefore they may act strangely. Faris suggested that prisoners in solitary confinement support his theory.
Hint
Answer
How does immigration and minority status lead to schizophrenia?
Schizophrenia may develop through stress from discrimination and poorer living conditions. UK census data shows that there is higher levels of schizophrenia in Afro-Caribbean and black immigrant people than the general population.
What did Veiling (2008) find?
Veiling gathered data through self-reports to suggest schizophrenia may be a reaction to long-term prejudice and discrimination of an outgroup. Second generation immigrants are at a higher risk of schizophrenia than first generation.
How does family dysfunction and childhood trauma lead to schizophrenia?
Popovich et al (2019) suggest that childhood trauma may interact with other pre-existing risk factors, such as genes, to trigger schizophrenia in vulnerable individuals.
Strengths of the social explanation for schizophrenia
Helps to explain some features of schizophrenia, Supported by research, Useful applications such as the design of housing to reduce overcrowding, Supports the diathesis-stress model
What does the diathesis-stress model suggest?
That stressors in the environment interact with biological features in the individual
Weaknesses of the social explanation for schizophrenia
Research such as Vassos is correlational - Can't prove a cause and effect link, Difficult to isolate specific environmental factors to see if they cause schizophrenia
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