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Transistors and Semiconductors

Yr 12 HSC Physics summary of transistors and semiconductors
If the answer for a multiple answer question isn't correct. Check the other answer boxes for that question.
Quiz by Timtam
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Last updated: July 10, 2018
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First submittedJuly 10, 2018
Times taken27
Average score36.7%
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Question
Answer
By being more reliable and allowing for miniturisation, transistors replaced which device in electronic devices?
Thermionic valves
No two electrons in an atom can simultaneously occupy ___ ____ ______ _____.
The same energy state
What word descibes the free movement of electrons in a metal lattice?
Delocalised
Compared to the current, what direction do free electrons roughly travel in a conducting metal lattice?
The opposite direction
When an atom does not have a complete outer shell, it can form what kind of bonds with nearby atoms?
Covalent Bonds
Ionic Bonds
A semiconductor's resistivity lies between that of an insulator and a conductor. As temperature rises in semiconductors, resistance _______.
Decreases
What is the highest band occupied by electrons called?
The valence band
In a conductor, what do the conduction and valence bands do?
Overlap
In an insulator, the valence band is full of electrons. Therefore the gap between the bands are _____.
Large
What are ionically bonded molecules?
Insulators
What did de Broglie proposed that electrons could also be considered as?
Standing waves
In semiconductors, what is the distance between the conduction and valence bands relative to insulators?
Small
Semiconductors have almost filled valence bands. What are the two most common pure semiconductors?
Silicon
Germanium
As temperature increases, what does thermal energy allow electrons in the valence band to do?
Cross the gap
What do the electrons leave behind in the valence band?
Positive hole
What direction, relative to the conduction band's current, does this new positive current flow?
The opposite direction
What is the process of adding atoms with a different amount of valence electrons to a semiconductor?
Doping
Silicon and Germanium do not need ^ to be a semiconductor. They are known as pure semiconductors. What is another name for them?
Intrinsic semiconductors
Opposite of the above require the addition of dopant atoms. What are these semiconductors called?
Extrinsic semiconductors
What are the two most common dopant atoms? (one each for n-type and p-type)
Phosphorus
Boron
What shape do groups of silicon atoms form in a diamond lattice structure?
Tetrahedrons
What were early diodes and transistors made from?
Germanium
Question
Answer
What were the main advantages of silicon solid state devices?
Very common in the Earth's crust
Affected less by higher temperatures
Can be used in smaller devices
What do n-type semiconductors have more of?
Negative charge carriers
What do p-type semiconductors have more of?
Positive charge carriers
What do thermionic devices use in glass vacuum tubes to control the flow of current.
Heated filaments
What are the simplest form of a valves called? (They only have two electrodes)
Diodes
Due to its simplicity, ^'s unidirectional current means it is used for what simple function?
A switch
It can also convert alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). What is this called?
Rectification
Lee de Forest added what to convert the simple valve into a current amplifier, or triode?
Another electrode
Solid state devices encompass transistors and what other device?
Integrated circuits
Diodes can be made with semiconductors. In diodes, electrons travel away from what type of semiconductor?
N-type Semiconductors
To get to the other semiconductor, which is the other type, what zone do the electrons travel across?
The depletion zone
What are the main benefits of solid state devices over thermionic devices?
They are smaller
Less heat produced
Less fragile
Longer lifetime
More reliable
Lower voltage required
Transistors are semiconductor devices that can act as a switch or as an amplifier. What are the two main types of transistor?
Pnp transistors
Npn transistors
What is a transistor is a combination of?
two n-p junctions
Integrated circuits are tiny electrical circuits used to perform specific electrical functions. What primarily is the issue with wiring that IC's reduce?
Variable resistance
What are integrated circuits in computer chips made of?
Silicon
Abc85
+1
Level 48
Jul 10, 2018
The Inherently very specific answers required on this quiz makes it very tough!... especially as some questions are ambiguous: "heated filament" probably should be "control grid potential" and "what are the two main types of transistor" could also be answered "bipolar junction transistors and field-effect transistors" :o)
Timtam
+1
Level 70
Jul 12, 2018
Sorry, but I'm just going off what my Physics textbook tells me. Primarily this quiz is to help me study but comments like that help me understand more. Thank you
Abc85
+1
Level 48
Jul 12, 2018
No worries! As long as the textbook questions and answers match any test then all good! Happy studying :o)
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