This was really interesting and although I didn't get very many (some of which I've been to!) it was an education to look them up and find that yes, they are on an island (or few) even though I didn't realise it. So thank you :-)
Another one you could include if you want to is Portsmouth, if you're going as small as Galveston and Atlantic City, but I'm sure it's not supposed to be an exhaustive list.
Great idea, but definitely needs reworked. You should probably limit the populations to at least a million, which would remove Galveston, Atlantic City, Cadiz, Venice, and maybe Macau. Bahrain also isn’t really a city on its own, maybe change to Manama. I might also add São Luis and Santos in Brazil off the top of my head. Obviously it’s up to you, but I would find a more definitive source with a less arbitrary selection of cities, but I think it’s still a great concept.
Another one you could include if you want to is Portsmouth, if you're going as small as Galveston and Atlantic City, but I'm sure it's not supposed to be an exhaustive list.
George Town (Malaysia), Batam, Portsmouth?