Step | Practical | % Correct |
---|---|---|
9. Adjust the focus with the fine adjustment knob until you get a clear image of the specimen. | Microscopy | 95%
|
1. Add a drop of water to the middle of a clean slide. | Microscopy | 92%
|
4. Place a cover slip atop your slide, ensuring there are no air bubbles present that could obstruct your view of the specimen. | Microscopy | 90%
|
7. Use the coarse adjustment knob to move the stage up to just below the objective lens. | Microscopy | 70%
|
6. Select the lowest-poweredobjective lens (lowest magnification). | Microscopy | 65%
|
You will need: a microscope, a slide, an onion, a cover slip, iodine solution, tweezers. | Microscopy | 62%
|
3. Leave one potato cylinder in each beaker for 24 hours (or so). | Osmosis | 60%
|
1. Place a source of white light a specific distance away from the pondweed. | Photosynthesis | 60%
|
1. Cut up a potato into cylinders, ensuring they're identical by measuring their mass. | Osmosis | 59%
|
8. Look down the eyepiece, using the coarse adjustment knob to move the stage. | Microscopy | 57%
|
3. Add a drop of iodine solution to stain the onion layer, highlighting the sub-cellular structures by adding colour to them. | Microscopy | 51%
|
5. Clip your prepared slide onto the stage. | Microscopy | 51%
|
11. Draw what you see under the microscope - your diagram should be labelled, free of colour/shading, and titled with the magnification it was observed under. | Microscopy | 51%
|
10. Swap to a high-powered objective lens if a greater magnification is needed, and refocus. | Microscopy | 49%
|
4. Dry with a paper towel and measure the mass of the cylinders again once the 24 hours has passed. | Osmosis | 48%
|
You will need: potato cylinders, different concentrations of sugar solutions, beakers, scales. | Osmosis | 48%
|
2. Separate an onion into layers and peel off a section of epidermal tissue using tweezers, placing it onto the slide. | Microscopy | 46%
|
5. Repeat the entire experiment with the light at different distances from the pondweed. | Photosynthesis | 46%
|
4. Repeat the experiment twice more with the light source at the same distance to calculate the mean volume of oxygen. | Photosynthesis | 44%
|
5. An increase in mass means water has been drawn in, and a decrease in mass means water has been drawn out; you should find the higher the concentration of the sugar solution, the more water that's drawn out of the potato (and the higher the decrease of it's mass). | Osmosis | 43%
|
2. Collect some beakers of different sugar solutions; one should be pure water whilst the other is very concentrated, with some being at equal intervals between (e.g. 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1mol/dm³) | Osmosis | 43%
|
2. Leave the pondweed to photosynthesise for a set amount of time; this allows the oxygen that's released to be collected in the capillary tube. | Photosynthesis | 43%
|
6. Put your results into the equation 'light intensity ∝ 1/d²'. | Photosynthesis | 43%
|
2iiii. Add a few drops of iodine solution and shake the contents; if the sample contains starch, it will change from browny-orange to blue-black. | Food Tests | 41%
|
2ii. Add a few drops of biuret solution and shake the contents; if the sample contains protein, it will change from blue to lilac (pink/purple). | Food Tests | 41%
|
2iii. Add a few drops of Sudan III solution and shake the contents; of the sample contains lipids, the mixture will separate into two layers, with the top one being bright red. | Food Tests | 40%
|
You will need: Canadian pond weed, syringe, two rulers, clamp, capillary tube, water, test tube, light source. | Photosynthesis | 40%
|
3. Draw up the gas bubble using a syringe alongside the ruler at the end of the experiment; the length of the bubble measured is proportional to the volume of oxygen produced. | Photosynthesis | 40%
|
You will need: 5cm³ of your food samples, iodine, Benedict's, Sudan III and Biuret solution, test tubes, waterbacth. | Food Tests | 38%
|
3i. Add some Benedict's solution to the test tube using a pipette (about 10 drops). | Food Tests | 38%
|
1. Prepare a food sample and transfer 5cm³ to a test tube. | Food Tests | 38%
|
5i. If the reducing sugars are present in the sample, the solution will change from blue to green/yellow/brick-red, depending on how concentrated the food is with sugar. | Food Tests | 38%
|
4i. Place the test tube in the water bath for 5 minutes. | Food Tests | 38%
|
3. Ensure you use a control disc (soaked in sterile water) to identify differences/ensure the inhibition zone had been created by the antibiotic alone. | Culturing Microorganisms | 35%
|
2. Place paper discs soaked in different types/different concentrations of antibiotics the agar plate. | Culturing Microorganisms | 35%
|
7. Calculate the size of the inhibition zones using πr². | Culturing Microorganisms | 35%
|
You will need: a petri dish, an inoculating loop, agar jelly/nutrient broth solution, your antibiotic(s). | Culturing Microorganisms | 35%
|
4. Leave the plate for 48 hours at 25 degrees celsius. | Culturing Microorganisms | 33%
|
1. Decontaminate your cultures (sterilise inoculating loop and petri dish, lightly tape petri dish and leave upside-down). | Culturing Microorganisms | 33%
|
6. The more effective the antibiotic against the bacteria, the larger the inhibition zone will be. | Culturing Microorganisms | 32%
|
5. Antibiotic should diffuse into the agar jelly; non-resistant strains of bacteria will die, however resistant will continue growing on the agar around the paper discs. A clear area will be left around the bacteria that died (inhibition zone). | Culturing Microorganisms | 32%
|
2i. Prepare a water bath set to about 60 degrees celsius. | Food Tests | 29%
|
5. Use a dropping pipette to take a fresh sample from the boiling tube every 30 seconds and drop into a well; starch is no longer present when the iodine solution remains browny-orange. | Investigating Enzymatic Reactions | 29%
|
1. Put a drop of iodine solution into every well of a spotting tile. | Investigating Enzymatic Reactions | 27%
|
2. Put the beaker of water over the bunsen burner until it reaches 35 degrees celsius. | Investigating Enzymatic Reactions | 27%
|
4. Use a different syringe to add 5cm³ of starch solution to the test tube, immediately stirring and starting the stop clock. | Investigating Enzymatic Reactions | 25%
|
3. Use a syringe to add 1cm³ of amylase solution and buffer solution (pH 5) to a boiling tube, putting it in the beaker of water and leaving for 5 minutes. | Investigating Enzymatic Reactions | 25%
|
6. Repeat the entire experiment with buffer solutions of different pH values to identify how pH affects the time taken for starch to be broken down. | Investigating Enzymatic Reactions | 25%
|
You will need: amylase solution, starch solution, buffer solution, iodine solution, dropping pipette, spotting tile, bunsen burner, tripod, gauze, heat-proof mat, beaker of water, thermometer, syringe, boiling tube, stop clock. | Investigating Enzymatic Reactions | 25%
|
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