#
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Who They Are / What They Did
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Person
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1
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Messiah of Christianity
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Jesus Christ
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2
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Founded Islam
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Muhammad
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3
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Deeply influenced Chinese thought
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Confucius
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4
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Founded Buddhism
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Buddha
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5
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Rediscovered the New World
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Christopher Columbus
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6
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Started WWII
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Adolf Hitler
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7
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Conquered most of Asia
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Genghis Khan
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8
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Invented the printing press
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Johannes Gutenberg
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9
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Sparked the Protestant Reformation
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Martin Luther
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10
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Father of Communism
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Karl Marx
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11
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Founded the Persian empire
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Cyrus the Great
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12
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Conquered most of Europe
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Napoleon Bonaparte
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13
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Won WWII, modernized the USSR, killed millions
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Joseph Stalin
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14
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Led the Communist revolution in China
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Mao Zedong
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15
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Unified China
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Qin Shi Huang
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16
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Conquered the Persian Empire and spread Greek culture
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Alexander the Great
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17
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Led India to independence from the UK
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Mohandas Gandhi
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18
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Expanded the Maurya Empire to most of the Indian subcontinent
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Ashoka
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19
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Started Taoism
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Laozi
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20
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First Roman emperor
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Augustus
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21
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Conquered England
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William the Conqueror
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22
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Discovered calculus and the theory of gravitation
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Isaac Newton
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23
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Father of Western Philosophy
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Plato
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24
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Leader of the American revolution
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George Washington
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25
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Expanded the Frankish empire
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Charlemagne
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26
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Led the Communist revolution in Russia
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V. I. Lenin
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27
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Helped Latin America achieve independence
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Simón Bolívar
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28
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Converted the Gentiles to Christianity
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St. Paul
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29
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Started a once-popular religion called Zoroastrianism
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Zoroaster
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30
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Started the Crusades
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Pope Urban II
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31
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Conquered Gaul. Became dictator of Rome
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Julius Caesar
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32
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Improved the steam engine
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James Watt
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33
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Made huge breakthroughs in disease prevention
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Louis Pasteur
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34
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Discovered evolution
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Charles Darwin
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35
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Allowed Rome to become a Christian empire
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Constantine
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36
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Greatest pharaoh of the New Kingdom
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Ramesses II
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37
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Discovered relativity
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Albert Einstein
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38
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Attempted a first comprehensive system of Western thought
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Aristotle
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39
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Father of Economics
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Adam Smith
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40
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Helped invent the lightbulb and much more
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Thomas Edison
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41
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Conquered Central Asia in the late 1300s
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Timur
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42
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Greatly expanded the Russian empire
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Peter the Great
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43
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Unified Spain (two people)
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Ferdinand & Isabella
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44
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Led the U.K. through WWII
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Winston Churchill
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45
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Led England to a period of great discovery and prosperity
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Queen Elizabeth I
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46
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Led the U.S. through the Civil War
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Abraham Lincoln
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47
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First to sail from Europe to India
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Vasco da Gama
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48
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Invented the airplane (two people)
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Wright Brothers
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49
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To Sunnis, the fourth caliph; to Shiites, the first imam
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Ali
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50
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Invented the smallpox vaccine
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Edward Jenner
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51
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Preeminent mathematician of the 18th century
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Leonhard Euler
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52
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Made discoveries about radiation
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Marie Curie
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53
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Broke England away from the Catholic church
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Henry VIII
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54
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Invented birth control
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Gregory Pincus
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55
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Figured out how to make artificial fertilizer
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Fritz Haber
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56
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Potentially saved hundreds of millions by improving crop yields
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Norman Borlaug
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57
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Father of Geometry
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Euclid
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58
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Emperor who led China to a golden age during the Tang dynasty
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Taizong of Tang
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59
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Assembly line and automobile pioneer
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Henry Ford
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60
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Led the U.S. through the Great Depression and WWII
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Franklin Roosevelt
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61
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Made huge contributions to mathematics and philosophy in the 17th century
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René Descartes
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62
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Discovered genetics
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Gregor Mendel
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63
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Founded the Umayyad caliphate
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Muawiyah I
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64
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Conquered Persia and much of the Byzantine Empire
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Umar
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65
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Conquered Constantinople, ending the Byzantine Empire
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Mehmed the Conqueror
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66
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First President of Indonesia
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Sukarno
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67
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Made important discoveries about electromagnetism
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Michael Faraday
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68
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Made important discoveries about electromagnetism
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James Maxwell
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69
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Led Russia to become a great power
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Catherine the Great
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70
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Discovered penicillin
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Alexander Fleming
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71
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First post-apartheid President of South Africa
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Nelson Mandela
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72
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Conquered the Incas
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Francisco Pizarro
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73
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Conquered the Aztecs
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Hernán Cortés
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74
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Founder of Jainism
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Mahavira
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75
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Helped develop the Scientific Method
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Francis Bacon
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76
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Unified Germany under Prussian leadership
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Otto von Bismarck
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77
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Sometimes called the Father of Modern Science
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Galileo Galilei
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78
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Discovered that the Earth revolves around the Sun
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Nicolaus Copernicus
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79
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Father of Modern Chemistry
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Antoine Lavoisier
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80
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Improved the microscope. Observed single-celled organisms
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Antony van Leeuwenhoek
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81
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Promoted sterile surgery
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Joseph Lister
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82
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Father of nuclear physics
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Ernest Rutherford
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83
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Prophet who founded Manichaeism, a now extinct religion
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Mani
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84
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Invented the radio
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Guglielmo Marconi
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85
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Founder of Pakistan
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Muhammad Ali Jinnah
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86
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Emperor of Ethiopia, messiah of a minor religion
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Haile Selassie
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87
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Father of computer science
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Alan Turing
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88
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Most prominent figure in the American Civil Rights movement
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Martin Luther King, Jr.
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89
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Helped overthrow the Shogunate in Japan
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Sakamoto Ryōma
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90
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Hero of Mexican independence
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Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla
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91
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Founder of psychoanalysis
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Sigmund Freud
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92
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Playwright
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William Shakespeare
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93
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Important artist and "Renaissance" man
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Leonardo da Vinci
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94
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Musical composer
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Ludwig van Beethoven
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95
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Renaissance artist
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Michelangelo
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96
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Probably the most influential painter of the 20th century
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Pablo Picasso
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97
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Arguably influenced pop culture more than anyone else
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Walt Disney
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98
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Pop musician
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John Lennon
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99
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19th century novelist
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Charles Dickens
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100
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20th century athlete
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Pelé
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There were 2 clues that I thought could be better though. Ashoka expanded the Mauryan Empire by conquering Kalinga, but I feel like the work he did to expand Buddhism is both more well known and more important and thus should be highlighted in the clue.
I also feel that the Pasteur clue is somehow too vague--the way it's phrased, I somehow thought it was a doctor or epidemiologist. It might be a good idea to highlight his work in microbiology and popularizing the germ theory of disease.
Most famous Marconi's invention was stolen from Tesla (which is proved), so it's nonsense to put him in this list instead of Tesla.
Edison was surely material for this list, but not more important than Tesla. Because Edison is realy high on the list, my opinion is that, you should have put Tesla on the list also.
Mightn't greater specificity help? e.g. "Renaissance physicist and astronomer from Pisa" for Galileo, "19th century British novelist and social critic" for Dickens, "20th century Brazilian footballer" for Pele?
Mahavira was an early Jain (6,000,000 followers, mainly in India)
Just saying…
Of all the mathematicians and scientists you added, you left out Gauss!?!?
You clearly forgot artists so you just decided to put them at the end.
If you are looking for an influential sports figure, it would have to be either Ali or Jordan over Pele.
So many things I disagree with that I have to call this bad...just bad
Stalin was in power for longer, killed more people, made USSR into a global power that lasted for 60 years, decided the modern borders of half of Eurasia, resettled millions of people, forever changing the demographics of many regions, set up the Cold War and Iron Curtain etc. Basically defined the world's geopolitics for 50 years to come.
Most of Hitler's deeds, although very significant and horrible, seem to have smaller reach in terms of time scale, number of people and amount of area affected, unless you decide that starting WWII makes him automatically more influencial than Stalin, which if you do, I would like to hear some arguments for, not necessarily that I want to challenge you on this but because I would like to know your line of reasoning.
Having said that, I do think Margaret Sanger probably deserves the spot over Gregory Pincus.
I took the Pele one as a bit of a gag. It is #100 after all. Threw in a fun one - that one one else seems to appreciate.
I could've done with some more time, but I was taking it pretty slow.
This is quite ambiguous, as China had fractured and united over and over through millennia. we can say that every emperor who united China is a correct answer.
Obligatory nitpick. Gutenberg did not invent the printing press. The printing press had existed in numerous cultures for many years before he made his improvement. He is notable for inventing the movable type printing press. That made changing a print job much easier and cheaper. Prior to his contribution, every printing plate had to be either cast out of metal or carved out of wood.
Otherwise, I agree that Nehru should be added and Jinnah removed. As an Indian, I am probably the wrong person to say this, but Nehru lived much longer and was able to properly mold India into what he wanted it to be, unlike Jinnah to Pakistan.
I also think Meiji should be used instead of the other Japanese you mentioned here.
Oppenheimer. He helped invent the nuclear bomb so he pretty much indirectly helped start the Cold War.
Osama bin Laden. He was behind 9/11 and caused the war on terror