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Hint
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Answer
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Early Egyptian civilizations relied on the annual flood of this river
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Nile River
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One of the oldest writing systems in the world, invented by ancient Egyptians
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Hieroglyphics
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King accredited with unifying Upper and Lower Egypt in the 32nd century BC
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Narmer
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2686-2181 BC period of Egyptian history, consolidating absolute power of monarch
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Old Kingdom
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Prime minister, architect and physician of the above period serving under Djoser
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Imhotep
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The above period also gave birth to these giant monuments serving as kings' tombs
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Pyramids
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The largest of the above was built for this king, criticized as an oppressor by Herodotus
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Khufu
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The bodies of kings were preserved in the above monuments using this technique
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Mummification
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Mentuhotep II reunited Egypt, starting this 2055-1650 BC period of Egyptian history
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Middle Kingdom
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1650 BC invasion that ended the above historical period
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Hyksos Invasion
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Ahmose I established this 1550-1069 BC period of Egyptian history
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New Kingdom
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Title for the monarchs of the above historical period
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Pharaoh
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King of this period who built temples and attained unprecedented power for a woman
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Hatshepsut
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Son of the above, king who expanded Egypt by conquering Syria and Nubia
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Thutmose III
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King who worshipped only one god, the sun deity Aten
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Akhenaten
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Son of the above, returned to religious normalcy and died in his nineteenth year
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Tutankhamen
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Aswan site built by Ramesses II, with four statues of himself in front of the main temple
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Abu Simbel
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Egypt was invaded by this group in the End of Bronze Age Collapse
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Sea Peoples
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After conquest by Alexander in 332 BC, Egypt was controlled by this Greek general
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Ptolemy I
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This city on the coast with a great library became scholarly capital of the world
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Alexandria
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Famous structure in the above city that guides ships to harbor at night
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Pharos
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Mathematician known as Father of Geometry who wrote Elements
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Euclid
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Librarian and polymath who calculated the circumference of the Earth
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Eratosthenes
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Librarian and poet who wrote the Aetia
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Callimachus
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Greek rule ended when this ruler killed herself by poison in 30 BC, starting Roman rule
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Cleopatra VII
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St. Mark spread Christianity to Egypt, establishing this church
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Coptic Church
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Christian theologian and ascetic who authored On the First Principles
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Origen
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Empire that followed the Romans, its defeat led to Egypt's conversion to Islam
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Byzantine Empire
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Islamic caliphate following the Abassid that founded Cairo in 969
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Fatimid Caliphate
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Well-known mosque in Cairo established during this period
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Al-Hakim Mosque
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Prestigious university in Cairo established during this period
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Al-Azhar University
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Muslim hero and sultan of Egypt who captured Jerusalem in 1187
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Saladin
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Dynasty encompassing Egypt, Syria, Yemen and Palestine established by the above
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Ayubbid Dynasty
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Group of people who seized Egypt in 1250, driving away the invading Mongols
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Mamluks
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Ruler of the above who won the 1260 Battle of Ain Jalut and the Seventh Crusade
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Baybars
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Ottoman Turks under this sultan conquered Egypt in 1517
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Selim I
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July 1798 battle in which Napoleon defeated the Turks
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Battle of the Pyramids
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August 1789 battle in which the British under Nelson defeated Napoleon
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Battle of the Nile
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Albanian who gained power as Ottoman viceroy of Egypt in 1805
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Muhammad Ali Pasha
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Ferdinand de Lesseps led the construction of this project, which opened in 1869
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Suez Canal
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1879-1882 nationalist uprising that led to full British occupation
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‘Urabi Revolt
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First prime minister whose Wafd party campaigned for Egyptian independence
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Saad Zaghloul
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First king of Egypt after Egyptian independence in 1922
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Fuad I
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Second king of Egypt, ruling from 1936 to 1952
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Farouk I
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Two 1942 battles, part of WWII North African campaigns, fought on Egyptian territory
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Battles of El Alamein
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War which Egypt lost in 1948, leading the the founding of Israel
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First Arab-Israeli War
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Group whose 1952 movement toppled the monarchy
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Free Officers
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Military leader who became first president but was forced to resign in 1954
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Mohamed Naguib
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Second president, in office 1954-1970, who spread his ideals on Arab unity by radio
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Gamal Abdel Nasser
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Radio station through which the above president spread his ideals
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Voice of the Arabs
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Religious organization that the above president ordered a crackdown on
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Muslim Brotherhood
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1956 crisis that occurred after the above president nationalized a canal
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Suez Crisis
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Structure completed in 1970 using tolls collected from the above canal
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Aswan High Dam
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Egypt was defeated in this 1967 war against Israel, losing the Sinai Peninsula
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Six-Day War
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Third president, in office 1970-1981, assassinated for making peace with Israel
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Anwar Sadat
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Egypt launched assault on Israel during this 1973 war but was again defeated
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Yom Kippur War
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1978 accords establishing peace and allowing for the return of the Sinai Peninsula
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Camp David Accords
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Fourth president, in office 1981-2011, ousted during the Arab Spring
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Hosni Mubarak
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City square in Cairo where protests during the Arab Spring took place
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Tahrir Square
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Current (sixth) president who removed Mohamed Morsi from power in 2013
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Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
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