Chem Semester 1 Definitions Quiz

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Last updated: December 11, 2022

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First submitted	December 8, 2022
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Average score	32.0%
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Hint	Answer
-gain electrons in outer shells -expand to hold another electron -low effective nuclear charge -always larger than their parent atoms	Anions
energy involved in adding an electron to an isolated atom in the gas phase (anions)	Electron affinity
massless particle of light energy	Photon
electro static attraction between ions of opposite charge	Ionic bond
electrons ALWAYS occupy the lowest energy level first	Aufbau principle
-hold their shape -particles stuck together -particles as close together as possible -incompressible	Solid
all elements are made of invisible, indivisible, eternal particles called atoms	Daltons Atomic Theory
change in form, not substance, generally reversible	Physical change
subshell quantum number, shape of probability cloud	l
more lines in spectrum than Bohr is able to observe	Fine line spectrum
tendency for bonded atoms to attract bonding electrons	Electronegativity
a wave that reinforces its own existence over time	Standing waves
vector sums of bond dipoles	Molecular dipoles
a physical quantity that only has discrete values	Quantization
6.02x10^23	Avogadros Number
magnetic orientation	ml
-dont hold their shape -no interactions between particles -lots of empty space -highly compressible	Gas
overlap of unhybridized orbitals perpendicular to the bond axis	pi bond
a physical combination of 2 or more pure substances that are not uniform in appearance	Heterogeneous mixture
when an electron temporarily occupies an energy state greater than its ground state	Excited state
simplest whole number ratio of atoms by mole in a compound	Empirical formula
two atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons	Covalent bond
energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom is the gas phase (cations)	Ionization energy
when two elements are substitured for others in a compound	Double replacement reaction
substance composed of two or more different elements in a chemical combination.	Compound

Hint	Answer
determined using the senses	Physical property
multiple reactants -> single product	Composition Reaction
single reactant -> multiple products	Decomposition Reaction
change in identity (and usually form) of a substance, generally irreversible	Chemical change
a physical combination of 2 or more pure substances	Mixture
when atoms combine chemically to form compounds, they do so in definite ratios, by mass	Law of definite composition
a physical combination of 2 or more pure substances that are uniform in appearance	Homogeneous mixture
overlap of orbitals along the bond axis	sigma bond
all atoms held to each other by covalent bonds	Network covalent solid
6.62x10^-34	Plancks Constant
ability to undergo a chemical reaction	Chemical property
electrons will not spin-pair unless no empty orbitals of equal energy are available	Hunds rule
two or more atoms chemically combined	Molecule
due to wave-particle duality, it is fundamentally impossible to determine both the position and velocity of a particle at a given moment in time	Heisenberg uncertainty principle
3.00 x 10^8 m/s	Speed of light
substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary means	Elements
when one element is substituted for another element in a compound	single replacement reaction
an unusually strong bond-dipole interaction that occurs only when H is bonded to N, O, or F	Hydrogen bond
the ability to do work or causes change (can't see)	Energy
anything that takes up space and has mass	Matter
-dont hold their shape -particles not held as tightly as solids -particles very close together -incompressible	Liquid
difference in polarity between 2 atoms in a bond	Bond dipoles
shapes of molecules that can be explained by electrons repelling one another	VSEPR
-principle quantum number -relative distance from nucleus -relative size of the region the electrons can be in -relative energy of electron	n
no two electrons have the same amount of quantum numbers, and it only applies to electrons	Pauli Exclusion Principle

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