Match year, Challengers country
|
Challenger
|
1886, German Empire
|
Johannes Zukertort
|
1889, 1892, Russian Empire
|
Mikhail Chigorin
|
1890—1891, United Kingdom
|
Isidor Gunsberg
|
1907, United States
|
Frank Marshall
|
1908, German Empire
|
Siegbert Tarrasch
|
1909, 1910, Russian Empire
|
Dawid Janowski
|
1910, Austria-Hungary
|
Carl Schlechter
|
1929, 1934, Germany
|
Efim Bogoljubov
|
1951, Soviet Union
|
David Bronstein
|
|
Hint
|
Answer
|
1978, 1981, Soviet Union/Switzerland
|
Viktor Korchnoi
|
1993, United Kingdom
|
Nigel Short
|
2004, Hungary
|
Peter Leko
|
2006, 2010, Bulgaria
|
Veselin Topalov
|
2012, Israel
|
Boris Gelfand
|
2016, Russia
|
Sergey Karjakin
|
2018, United States
|
Fabiano Caruana
|
2021, 2023, Russia
|
Ian Nepomniachtchi
|
|