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Cardiovascular and Renal Pharmacology
Diuretics, Dysrythmics, Ion Channel Blockers, Congestive Heart Failure, Haemostasis
Quiz by
yeahbutyou
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Last updated: May 15, 2023
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First submitted
May 15, 2023
Times taken
9
Average score
27.3%
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Hint
Answer
Loop Diuretic
Blocks NKCC in TAL
Hypokalaemia
Venodilation
Uric Acid Retention
Ca + Mg Excretion
Furosemide
Thiazide Diuretic
Blocks Na-Cl Cotransport in DCT
Hypokalaemia
Uric Acid retention
Ca + Mg Excretion
Increases blood glucose
Bendroflumethiazide
Non-Diuretic Thiazide
Opens K-ATP for more Insulin
Vasodilator
Diazoxide
Potassium Sparring Diuretic
Inhibits ENaC in DCT
Amiloride
Potassium Sparring Diuretic
Inhibits Aldosterone
via carenone salt AldR competition
Spironolactone
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
vs Glaucoma + altitude sickness
Acetazolamide
Osmotic Diuretic
Treat Cerebral Oedema (no BBB crossing)
Mannitol
ACE inhibitor
↑Bradykinin (inflam+pain) so use AIIR inhib instead
Ramipril
AT1R Inhibitor
Prevents Angiotensin 2 action
Losartan
Class Ia Dysrhythmic
Medium duration, lengthens AP
Quinidine
Class Ib Dysrhythmic
Fast, shortens AP
Lidocaine
Class Ic Dysrhythmic
Slow, no AP effects
Flecainide
Class II Dysrhythmic
beta1 adrenoceptor antagonist
Atenolol
Class III Dysrhythmic
Inhibits inwards Na + outwards K
prolongs AP and refractory period
Amiodarone
Class IV Dysrythmic
L-Type calcium channel blocker
Verapamil
Local Anaesthetic
Use dependence
Lidocaine
Local Anaesthetic
pKA 2.6 (99% unprotonated at normal pH)
Benzocaine
Local Anaesthetic
pKA 8.5 (less effective at lower pH)
Tetracaine
VGNaC Toxin
Binds Glu on S6 Domain IV
Tetrodotoxin
VGNaC Toxin
Prevents inactivation of NaC
Batrachotoxin
Calcium Channel Blocker
Phenylalkylamine
Verapamil
Calcium Channel Blocker
Dihydropyridine
Amlodipine
Hint
Answer
Calcium Channel Blocker
Benzothiazepine
Diltiazem
K-ATP antagonist
ATP Analogue
Sulphonylurea
NCX Inhibitor
Cardiac Glycoside
Digoxin
NCX Inhibitor
Cardiac Glycoside
Ouabain
b1 AR Agonist
Increase CO but increases O2 demand
Use antagonist to reduce adrenergic toxicity
Dobutamine
Calcium Sensitiser
Increases binding to Troponin. Inhibits PDE
Levosimendan
SGLT Inhibitor
Lowers blood glucose as well
Dapagliflozin
Renin Inhibitor
Aliskiren
Thrombin Inhibitor
Activates antiThrombin III
Causes thrombocytopenia
Heparin
Thrombin Inhibitor
Prevents synth of Factors 2,7,9,10
Interacts with food a lot
Warfarin
Thrombin Inhibitor
Treat A-Fib, use prophylactically for surgery
Dabigatran
Plasminogen Inhibitor
Tranexamic Acid
Activates Plasminogen
TIssue plasminogen activator made from recombinant DNA
Altepase
Activates Plasminogen Activator
From Streptomycin
Streptokinase
Slow release anti-clot
Plasminogen + anisoylated streptokinase
Anistreplase
ADP-Platelet Receptor Inhibitor
Ineffective vs homozygous CYP2C19 mutations
Clopidogrel
Gp IIb/IIIa Inhibitor
Prevents Fibrin and vWF binding
Tirofiban
Gp IIb/IIIa inhibitor
Abciximab
Factor Xa Inhibitor
Apixaban
Thrombin Inhibitor
Leech Saliva homologue
Bivalirudin
Thrombin Inhibitor
Reduce HIT
Argatroban
Low Weight Heparin
Reduce HIT
Danaparoid
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