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Most Famous Physicists with Hints

These are the 111 most well-known physicists according to the Pantheon's (a database objectively ranking historical figures) 2022 HPI score. For each person, their nationality at birth (heritage), years of birth & death as well as a one-word hint are provided.
Includes astronomers and astrophysicists
Grey indicates physicists who are more well-known for contributions to other fields (maths, chemistry, engineering) or science communication
Excludes "scientists" from before the scientific revolution
Quiz by Gumbledalf
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Last updated: June 25, 2023
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First submittedOctober 8, 2022
Times taken74
Average score30.6%
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Nationality
at birth
Hint
born–died
Physicist
English
Gravity
1643–1726
Isaac Newton
Italian
Telescope
1564–1642
Galileo Galilei
German
Relativity
1879–1955
Albert Einstein
German /
Polish
Heliocentric
1473–1543
Nicolaus Copernicus
Polish
Radium
1867–1934
Marie Curie
French
Pressure
1623–1662
Blaise Pascal
German
Distribution
1777–1855
Carl Friedrich Gauß
German
Ellipses
1571–1630
Johannes Kepler
English
Wheelchair
1942–2018
Stephen Hawking
German
Calculus
1646–1716
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
Swiss
e
1707–1783
Leonhard Euler
English
Induction
1791–1867
Michael Faraday
German
X-ray
1845–1923
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen
Italian
Battery
1745–1827
Alessandro Volta
German
Quantum
1858–1947
Max Planck
English
Spring
1635–1703
Robert Hooke
French
Paramagnetic
1859–1906
Pierre Curie
Danish
Electromagnetism
1777–1851
Hans Christian Ørsted
English
Chemistry
1766–1844
John Dalton
Scottish
Energy
1818–1889
James Prescott Joule
French
Current
1775–1836
André-Marie Ampère
New Zealand
Nucleus
1871–1937
Ernest Rutherford
Danish
Model
1885–1962
Niels Bohr
Scottish
Electromagnetism
1831–1879
James Clerk Maxwell
Danish
Astronomer
1546–1601
Tycho Brahe
Italian
Barometer
1608–1647
Evangelista Torricelli
German
Resistance
1789–1854
Georg Simon Ohm
Swedish
Degrees
1701–1744
Anders Celsius
Italian
Radio
1874–1937
Guglielmo Marconi
German
Uncertainty
1901–1976
Werner Heisenberg
French
Radioactivity
1852–1908
Henri Becquerel
Austrian
Cat
1887–1961
Erwin Schrödinger
Irish / English
Gas
1627–1691
Robert Boyle
French
Induced
1897–1956
Irène Joliot-Curie
Dutch
Titan
1629–1695
Christiaan Huygens
Italian
Paradox
1901–1954
Enrico Fermi
German
Frequency
1857–1894
Heinrich Hertz
French
Charge
1736–1806
Charles-Augustin de Coulomb
French
Statistics
1749–1827
Pierre-Simon Laplace
Hungarian
Computing
1903–1957
John von Neumann
Italian
Mole
1776–1856
Amedeo Avogadro
French
Mechanics
1736–1813
Joseph-Louis Lagrange
Italian
Bioelectricity
1737–1798
Luigi Galvani
Swedish
Climate
1859–1927
Svante Arrhenius
German
Uranus
1738–1822
William Herschel
French
Conjecture
1854–1912
Henri Poincaré
French
Encyclopédie
1717–1783
Jean le Rond d'Alembert
French
Series
1768–1830
Joseph Fourier
Swiss
Probability
1700–1782
Daniel Bernoulli
American
Diagram
1918–1988
Richard Feynman
American
Telescope
1889–1953
Edwin Hubble
Dutch
Transformation
1853–1928
Hendrik Antoon Lorentz
English
Hydrogen
1731–1810
Henry Cavendish
German
Black-body
1824–1887
Gustav Kirchhoff
French
Duality
1892–1987
Louis de Broglie
French
Analysis
1789–1857
Augustin-Louis Cauchy
Danish
c
1644–1710
Ole Rømer
German
Degrees
1686–1736
Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit
English
Magnetism
1544–1603
William Gilbert
English
QM
1902–1984
Paul Dirac
French
Pendulum
1819–1868
Léon Foucault
Austrian
Fission
1878–1968
Lise Meitner
Dutch
Effect
1865–1943
Pieter Zeeman
English
Electron
1856–1940
Joseph J. Thomson
Austrian
Exclusion
1900–1958
Wolfgang Pauli
French
Induced
1900–1958
Frédéric Joliot-Curie
Austrian
Sound
1838–1916
Ernst Mach
Soviet
Peace
1921–1989
Andrei Sakharov
English
Wave
1773–1829
Thomas Young
English
Neutron
1891–1974
James Chadwick
Dutch
Molecular
1837–1923
Johannes Diderik van der Waals
Austrian
Entropy
1844–1906
Ludwig Boltzmann
German
Radio
1850–1918
Karl Ferdinand Braun
German
Trichromatic
1821–1894
Hermann von Helmholtz
German
Fission
1879–1968
Otto Hahn
French
Volume
1778–1850
Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac
Austrian
Effect
1803–1853
Christian Doppler
American
Cosmos
1934–1996
Carl Sagan
German
Displacement
1864–1928
Wilhelm Wien
Belgian
Expansion
1894–1966
Georges Lemaître
German
Cathode
1862–1947
Philipp Lenard
Dutch
Superconductivity
1853–1926
Heike Kamerlingh Onnes
German
QM
1882–1970
Max Born
German
Conservation
1882–1935
Emmy Noether
American
Bomb
1904–1967
J. Robert Oppenheimer
American
Neptunium
1907–1991
Edwin McMillan
German
Vacuum
1602–1686
Otto von Guericke
French
Photography
1845–1921
Gabriel Lippmann
Italian
Saturn
1625–1712
Giovanni Domenico Cassini
German
Thermodynamics
1822–1888
Rudolf Clausius
Scottish
Cloud
1869–1959
Charles Thomson Rees Wilson
Russian
Geology
1711–1765
Mikhail Lomonosov
French
Elasticity
1776–1831
Sophie Germain
Dutch
Phonons
1884–1966
Peter Debye
German
Shell
1906–1972
Maria Goeppert-Mayer
Soviet
Superfluidity
1908–1968
Lev Landau
French
Clockwise
1792–1843
Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis
German
Spin
1888–1969
Otto Stern
American
e
1868–1953
Robert Andrews Millikan
German / Bal-
tic / Russian
Electrodynamics
1804–1865
Emil Lenz
English
BH
1931–
Roger Penrose
British
Temperature
1824–1907
Lord Kelvin
English
Scattering
1842–1907
Baron Rayleigh
German
Crystallography
1879–1960
Max von Laue
Irish
Operator
1805–1865
William Rowan Hamilton
German
Microscopes
1816–1888
Carl Zeiss
Irish
Fluid
1819–1903
George Stokes
American
Hayden
1958–
Neil deGrasse Tyson
French
Brownian
1870–1942
Jean Baptiste Perrin
English
Diffraction
1890–1971
Lawrence Bragg
German
Flux
1804–1891
Wilhelm Eduard Weber
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