Statistics for Short-term and Working Memory (5)

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General Stats

This quiz has been taken 5 times
The average score is 9 of 28

Answer Stats

Hint	Answer	% Correct
Average capacity: ___ items	5-9	100%
Sensory memory: when a sensory stimulation is presented ___, your perception continues for a fraction of a second (flashing face in the dark)	briefly	100%
Mental rotation: rotating an object in one's ___, example of VSP	mind	100%
Limitations to Baddeley's model: WM can hold ___ information than would be expected based on just the PL or VSP, e.g. through chunking, which is also related to ___-term memory	more, long	100%
Proactive interference occurs when information that was learned previously interferes with learning ___ information (e.g. learning a ___ number of French vocabulary words makes it more ___ to learn a list of Spanish vocabulary words a little later)	new, large, difficult	100%
Retroactive interference occurs when new learning interferes with ___ old learning (e.g. learning Spanish makes it more ___ to remember the French words you had learned earlier)	remembering, difficult	100%
Short-term memory or working memory: information that stays in our memory for ___ periods, about ___ seconds if we don't repeat it, stores ___ amount of information	short, 10-15, small	100%
Word length effect (PL): our memory for lists of words is better for ___ words than for ___ words	short, long	100%
Phonological similarity effect (PL): confusion of letters or words that sound ___	similar	100%
Procedural memory: ability to ride a ___ or do any of the other things that involve ___ coordination (long-term memory)	bicycle, muscle	0%
Digit span: measure of the ___ of STM, the number of ___ a person can remember	capacity, digits	0%
Proposed episodic buffer as an additional component: can store information (extra ___), is connected to the ___-term memory (making ___ between WM and LTM possible	capacity, long, exchange	0%
Three components of working memory proposed by Baddeley: 1. Phonological loop (store has limited ___ and holds information for only a few ___, articulatory rehearsel process holds ___ and ___ information; is responsible for rehearsal that can keep items in the phonological store from decaying), 2. Visuospatial sketch pad (holds ___ and ___ information), 3. Central Executive (1&2 are both attached to the CE; pulls information from ___, ___ activity of 1&2 by focusing on specific parts of a task and deciding how to divide ___ between different tasks)	capacity, seconds, verbal, auditory, visual, spatial, LTM, coordinates, attention	0%
Change detection: colored squares presented, then black screen, then other colored squares, are they the same? Limit at 3-4 items, better to detect STM because no ___ or verbalized ___ possible	chunking, verbalized	0%
Persistence of vision is the ___ perception of a visual stimulus even after it is no longer ___	continued, present	0%
The central executive: ___ how information is used by PL and VSP, controls ___	coordinates, attention	0%
Articulatory suppression (PL): when articulatory rehearsal process is ___ during the rehearsal, it reduces ___ because speaking intereres with rehearsel	disrupted, memory	0%
Modal Model proposed control processes: ___ processes associated with the structural features (memory types) that can be ___ by the person and may differ from one task to another (e.g. rehearsal)	dynamic, regulated	0%
Episodic memory: long-term meories of ___ of the past	experiences	0%
Semantic memory: long-term memory of ___ such as an address or a ___ or ___	facts, birthday, names	0%
Duration of STM (Classic Study): participants should recall three-letter ___ even after counting for 3 seconds (--> remembered ___% of the groups) or after counting for 18 seconds (---> remembered ___% of the groups), was it due to forgetting over the span of 15 seconds or because of proactive inference?	groups, 80, 12	0%
Visuospatial sketch pad creates visual ___ in the mind in the ___ of ___ visual stimulus	images, absence, physical	0%
Chunking: if the to-be-remembered information allows chunking (groups), then the capacity of STM can be ___	increased	0%
Modal Model of Memory proposes three types of memory: 1. Sensory memory is an ___ stage that holds all information for a second, 2. Short-term memory holds ___ items for about ___ seconds, 3. Long-term memory can hold a ___ amount of information for ___ or even ___	initial, 5-7, 15-20, large, years, decades	0%
Classic study: participant was briefly presented with picture of 12 ___, if they should ___ remember the letters they remembered more than if there was a ___	letters, immediately, delay	0%
Long-term memory: responsible for storing information for ___ periods of time, can extend from ___ to a ___	long, minutes, lifetime	0%
Memory: process involved in ___, ___ and using information about stimuli, ___, ___, ideas, and skills after the ___ information is no longer ___, is active any time some ___ experience affects the way you ___ or ___ now or in the future	retaining, retrieving, images, events, original, present, past, think, behave	0%
Working memory: a limited system for ___ storage and ___ of information that occurs during complex tasks such as comprehension, learning, and reasoning (e.g. remembering numbers while reading a paragraph)	temporary, manipulation	0%