|
Hint
|
Answer
|
|
|
1901
|
Sully Prudhomme
|
French (poetry, essay)
|
|
1902
|
Theodor Mommsen
|
German (history, law)
|
|
1903
|
Bjornstjerne Bjornson
|
Norweigan (poetry, novel, drama)
|
|
1904
|
Frederic Mistral
|
French (poetry, philology)
|
|
1904
|
Jose Echegaray
|
Spanish (drama)
|
|
1905
|
Henryk Sienkiewicz
|
Polish (novel)
|
|
1906
|
Giosue Carducci
|
Italian (poetry)
|
|
1907
|
Rudyard Kipling
|
English (novel, short story, poetry)
|
|
1908
|
Rudolf Christoph Eucken
|
German (philosophy)
|
|
1909
|
Selma Lagerlof
|
Swedish (novel, short story)
|
|
1910
|
Paul von Heyse
|
German (poetry, novel, drama, short story)
|
|
1911
|
Maurice Maeterlinck
|
Belgian (drama, poetry, essay)
|
|
1912
|
Gerhart Hauptmann
|
German (drama, novel)
|
|
1913
|
Rabindranath Tagore
|
Indian (poetry, novel, drama, short story, music, essay, philosophy, literary criticism, translation)
|
|
1915
|
Romain Rolland
|
French (novel)
|
|
1916
|
Verner von Heidenstam
|
Swedish (poetry, novel)
|
|
1917
|
Karl Adolph Gjellerup
|
Danish (poetry)
|
|
1917
|
Henrik Pontoppidan
|
Danish (novel)
|
|
1919
|
Carl Spitteler
|
German (poetry)
|
|
1920
|
Knut Hamsun
|
Norweigan (novel)
|
|
1921
|
Anatole France
|
French (novel, poetry)
|
|
1922
|
Jacinto Benavente
|
Spanish (drama)
|
|
1923
|
William Butler Yeats
|
Irish (poetry)
|
|
1924
|
Wladyslaw Reymont
|
Polish (novel)
|
|
1925
|
George Bernard Shaw
|
English (drama, literary criticism)
|
|
1926
|
Grazia Deledda
|
Italian (poetry, novel)
|
|
1927
|
Henri Bergson
|
French (philosophy)
|
|
1928
|
Sigrid Undset
|
Norweigan (novel)
|
|
1929
|
Thomas Mann
|
German (novel, short story, essay)
|
|
1930
|
Sinclair Lewis
|
American (novel, short story, drama)
|
|
1931
|
Erik Axel Karlfeldt
|
Swedish (poetry)
|
|
1932
|
John Galsworthy
|
English (novel)
|
|
1933
|
Ivan Bunin
|
Russian (short story, poetry, novel)
|
|
1934
|
Luigi Pirandello
|
Italian (drama, novel, short story)
|
|
1936
|
Eugene O'Neill
|
American (drama)
|
|
1937
|
Roger Martin du Gard
|
French (novel)
|
|
1938
|
Pearl Buck
|
American (novel, biography)
|
|
1939
|
Frans Eemil Sillanpää
|
Finnish (novel)
|
|
1944
|
Johannes Vilhelm Jensen
|
Danish (novel, short story)
|
|
1945
|
Gabriela Mistral
|
Chilean (poetry)
|
|
1946
|
Herman Hesse
|
German (novel, poetry)
|
|
1947
|
Andre Gide
|
French (novel, essay)
|
|
1948
|
T.S. Eliot
|
American (poetry)
|
|
1949
|
William Faulkner
|
American (novel, short story)
|
|
1950
|
Betrand Russell
|
English (philosophy)
|
|
1951
|
Pär Lagerkvist
|
Swedish (poetry, novel, short story, drama)
|
|
1952
|
Francois Mauriac
|
French (novel, short story)
|
|
1953
|
Winston Churchill
|
English (history, essay, memoirs)
|
|
1954
|
Ernest Hemingway
|
American (novel, short story, screenplay)
|
|
1955
|
Haldor Laxness
|
Icelandic (novel, short story, drama, poetry)
|
|
1956
|
Juan Ramon Jimenez
|
Spanish (poetry)
|
|
1957
|
Albert Camus
|
French (novel, short story, drama, philosophy, essay)
|
|
1958
|
Boris Pasternak
|
Russian (novel, poetry, translation)
|
|
1959
|
Salvatore Quasimodo
|
Italian (poetry)
|
|
1960
|
Saint-John Perse
|
French (poetry)
|
|
1961
|
Ivo Andric
|
Serbo-Croatian (novel, short story)
|
|
1962
|
John Steinbeck
|
American (novel, short story, screenplay)
|
|
1963
|
Giorgos Seferis
|
Greek (poetry, essay, memoirs)
|
|
1964
|
Jean-Paul Sartre
|
French (novel, short story, philosophy, drama, literary criticism, screenplay)
|
|
1965
|
Mikhail Sholokhov
|
Russian (novel)
|
|
|
Hint
|
Answer
|
|
|
1966
|
Shmuel Yosef Agnon
|
Hungarian/Israelian (novel, short story)
|
|
1966
|
Nelly Sachs
|
German/Swedish (poetry, drama)
|
|
1967
|
Miguel Angel Asturias
|
Spanish (novel, poetry)
|
|
1968
|
Yasunari Kawabata
|
Japanese (novel, short story)
|
|
1969
|
Samuel Beckett
|
Irish (novel, drama, poetry)
|
|
1970
|
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
|
Russian (novel)
|
|
1971
|
Pablo Neruda
|
Spanish (poetry)
|
|
1972
|
Heinrich Böll
|
German (novel, short story)
|
|
1973
|
Patrick White
|
English/Australian (novel, short story, drama)
|
|
1974
|
Eyvind Johnson
|
Swedish (novel)
|
|
1974
|
Harry Martinson
|
Swedish (poetry, novel, drama)
|
|
1975
|
Eugenio Montale
|
Italian (poetry)
|
|
1976
|
Saul Bellow
|
American/Canadian (novel, short story)
|
|
1977
|
Vicente Aleixandre
|
Spanish (poetry)
|
|
1978
|
Isaac Bashevis Singer
|
American/Polish (Novel, short story, memoirs)
|
|
1979
|
Odysseas Elytis
|
Greece (poetry, essay)
|
|
1980
|
Czeslaw Milosz
|
American/Polish (poetry, essay)
|
|
1981
|
Elias Canetti
|
English/Bulgarian (novel, drama, memoirs, essay)
|
|
1982
|
Gabriel Garcia Marquez
|
Spanish (novel, short story, screenplay)
|
|
1983
|
William Golding
|
English (novel, poetry, drama)
|
|
1984
|
Jaroslav Seifert
|
Czechoslovakian/Hungarian (poetry)
|
|
1985
|
Claude Simon
|
French (novel, literary criticism)
|
|
1986
|
Wole Soyinka
|
Nigerian (drama, novel, poetry, screenplay)
|
|
1987
|
Joseph Brodsky
|
American/Russian (poetry, essay)
|
|
1988
|
Naguib Mahfouz
|
Egyptian (novel, short story)
|
|
1989
|
Camilo Jose Cela
|
Spanish (novel, short story, essay, poetry)
|
|
1990
|
Octavio Paz
|
Spanish (poetry, essay)
|
|
1991
|
Nadine Gordimer
|
South African (novel, short story, essay, drama)
|
|
1992
|
Derek Walcott
|
Saint Lucian (poetry, drama)
|
|
1993
|
Toni Morrison
|
American (novel)
|
|
1994
|
Kenzaburo Oe
|
Japanese (novel, short story, essay)
|
|
1995
|
Seamus Heaney
|
Irish (poetry, drama, translation)
|
|
1996
|
Wislawa Szymborska
|
Polish (poetry, essay, translation)
|
|
1997
|
Dario Fo
|
Italian (drama, songwriting)
|
|
1998
|
Jose Saramago
|
Portugese (novel, drama, poetry)
|
|
1999
|
Günter Grass
|
German (novel, drama, poetry)
|
|
2000
|
Gao Xingjian
|
China/France (novel, drama, literary criticism)
|
|
2001
|
Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul
|
English/Trinidad & Tobago /novel, essay)
|
|
2002
|
Imre Kertesz
|
Hungarian (novel)
|
|
2003
|
J.M. Coetzee
|
Australian/South African (novel, essay, translation)
|
|
2004
|
Elfriede Jelinek
|
Austrian (novel, drama)
|
|
2005
|
Harold Pinter
|
English (drama, screenplay)
|
|
2006
|
Orhan Pamuk
|
Turkish (novel, screenplay, autobiography, essay)
|
|
2007
|
Doris Lessing
|
Iranian/Zimbawean/English (novel, drama, poetry, short story, memoirs, autobiography)
|
|
2008
|
Jean-Marie Gustave le Clezio
|
French (novel, short story, essay, translation)
|
|
2009
|
Herta Muller
|
German/Romanian (novel, short story, poetry, essay)
|
|
2010
|
Mario Vargas Llosa
|
Peruvian/Spanish (novel, short story, essay, drama, memoirs)
|
|
2011
|
Tomas Tranströmer
|
Swedish (poetry, translation)
|
|
2012
|
Mo Yan
|
Chinese (novel, short story)
|
|
2013
|
Alice Munroe
|
Canadian (short story)
|
|
2014
|
Patrick Modiano
|
French (novel, screenplay
|
|
2015
|
Svetlana Alexievich
|
Russian (history, essay)
|
|
2016
|
Bob Dylan
|
American (poetry, songwriting)
|
|
2017
|
Kazuo Ishiguro
|
Japanse/English (novel, screenplay, short story)
|
|
2018
|
Olga Tokarczuk
|
Polish (novel, short story, poetry, essay, screenplay)
|
|
2019
|
Peter Handke
|
Austrian (novel, short story, drama, translation, screenplay)
|
|
2020
|
Louise Glück
|
American (poetry, essay)
|
|
2021
|
Abdulrazak Gurnah
|
Tanzanian, Brittisk (novel, short story, essay)
|
|
2022
|
Annie Ernaux
|
French (autobiography, novel)
|
|
