Statistics for antibacterial drugs

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General Stats

This quiz has been taken 11 times
The average score is 19 of 29

Answer Stats

Hint	Answer	% Correct
what are broad spectrum antibiotics?	antibiotics that are effective against a wide range of bacteria	100%
what are bactericidal antibiotics?	antibiotics that kill the bacteria that are present	100%
what are the 3 main antibiotic types (for this unit)?	beta-lactam antibiotics	100%
what is an example of a common drug of each type?	penicillin, amoxicillin, etc	100%
what are the common cell targets for antibiotics?	the cell wall or cell membrane	100%
what are bacteriostatic antibiotics?	antibiotics that stop bacteria from reproducing and keeps them in the stationary growth phase	86%
	tetracycline antibiotics	86%
	tetracycline, doxycycline, etc	86%
what are narrow spectrum antibiotics?	antibiotics that are effective against only a limited number of bacteria (e.g. one genus or species)	71%
	DNA or RNA synthesis	71%
	fluoroquinolone antibiotics	71%
	folic acid synthesis	71%
	subtherapeutic doses or patients not finishing a course	71%
	the ribosome/protein synthesis	71%
	they block bacterial DNA transcription and replication by inhibiting DNA gyrase activity, which results in ‘broken’ DNA strands and therefore cell death	71%
	use of broad-spectrum drugs	71%
	chlamydia, urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, acne, anthrax, bubonic plague	57%
	ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, etc	57%
	inactivating the drug with an enzyme (e.g. beta-lactamase)	57%
what are the main factors that contribute to antimicrobial resistance?	incorrect prescribing	57%
what happens to the MIC when a bacteria becomes more resistant to antibiotics?	the MIC value increases	57%
	they inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, which prevents aminoacyl-tRNA binding to the mRNA translation complex, blocking the translation of RNA to proteins	57%
	hospital-acquired & community acquired infections (for ciprofloxacin) GI infections, urinary tract infections, bone/joint infections, respiratory tract infections, endocarditis, prostatitis, anthrax, typhoid	43%
	increasing efflux pumps or decreasing membrane permeability	43%
what are the main mechanisms in which bacteria develop antimicrobial resistance?	modifying the target site	43%
	prophylactic use in livestock	43%
what is their mechanism of action?	they bind to the active site on penicillin binding proteins, which irreversibly inhibits PBP activity, thereby blocking the final step in transpeptidation of this layer of the cell wall, meaning the cell wall cannot be synthesized	43%
what is an example of a clinic use/indication of them?	(for penicillin) strep throat, pneumonia, cellulitis, diphtheria, syphilis, gas gangrene, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, anthrax, lyme disease, rheumatic fever, some skin infections	29%
what is minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)?	the lowest concentration that prevents visible growth after 24 hours incubation	29%