Hint
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Answer
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An emotional bond between two people
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attachment
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Mutual behaviour between infant and caregiver
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reciprocity
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Mirrored behaviour between infant and caregiver
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interactional reciprocity
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Found attachments stronger with caregivers more sensitive
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Schaffer and Emerson
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Filmed babies' facial responses
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Meltzoff and Moore
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Stage of attachment between 0 and 2 months
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Asocial
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Stage of attachment between 2 and 7 months
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Indiscriminate
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Stage of attachment at 7 months
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Specific attachments
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Stage of attachment after 7 months
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Multiple attachments
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In 3% of cases, the father was ____ primary attachment
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first
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In ____% of cases, the mother and father were joint first attachment
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27
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By ____ months, 75% of babies had formed attachments to fathers
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18
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Researcher who found that father's role was for playing, whereas mother's role for emotional development
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Grossman
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Who pretended to be a mummy goose?
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Lorenz
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Who built fake monkey mothers?
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Harlow
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What did Harlow's research emphasise the importance of?
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comfort
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Dollard and Miller developed an explanation of attachment called:
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Learning theory
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Pavlov's idea that attachment is learnt through association
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Classical conditioning
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Skinner's idea that attachment is learnt through positive and negative reinforcement
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Operant conditioning
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I
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Innate
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M
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Montropy
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S
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Social releasers
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C
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Critical period
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I
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Internal working model
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There are ____ episodes in Ainsworth's strange situation
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8
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Attachment type categorised by freely exploring, no reaction where caregiver leaves, no interest in reunion, low stranger anxiety
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Insecure-avoidant
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Attachment type categorised by staying close to caregiver, little exploration, extreme distress when caregiver leaves, resistant to comfort, extreme stranger anxiety
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Insecure-resistant
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Attachment type categorised by regularly returning to caregiver, happily exploring, moderate distress when caregiver leaves, accept comfort after reunion, moderate stranger anxiety
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Secure
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Who carried out a meta-analysis of the strange situation over 8 countries?
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Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg
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Bowlby's study observing the relationship between maternal deprivation and criminality
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44 thieves
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A place such as a hospital or orphanage, where children live for continuous periods of time, often with little emotional care provided
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Institution
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Who studied the effects of institutionalisation on 111 Romanian orphans?
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Rutter et al
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Quinton found that institutionalised women experienced ____ difficulty in parenting than the control group
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More
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