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AQA - A Level Physics - Electricity #5

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Quiz by Nighthawk
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Last updated: July 8, 2020
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First submittedJuly 8, 2020
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Hint
Answer
What is the behaviour of a lamp
As current increases, temperature and resistance increase significantly
Give an application of a Diode
Converting AC to DC
Give an application of an LED
Efficient lighting
Give an application of a Thermistor
Temperature sensor e.g. in a thermostat for controlling heating
Give an application of an LDR
Light sensor e.g. streetlamps
Give Kirchoffs 1st law (current circuit rule)
Total current entering a junction is equal to total current leaving a junction
Kirchoff's First Law is based upon the conservation of...
Charge
Rule for current in series
Same for each component
Rule for current in parallel
Depends on the total resistance of each loop
Rule for pd in series
Depends of the resistance of each component. gets shared across all of the components so V = V1+ V2...
Rule for pd in parallel
Same for each branch/loop
Give Kirchoffs 2nd law (PD circuit rule)
Sum of the EMFs is equal to the sum of the potential differences around a single loop
Kirchoff's Second Law is based upon the conservation of....
Energy
How to calulcatie total resistance of resistors in series
Sum of the individual resistances
How to calulcatie total resistance of n identical resistors in series
n x R
How to calulcatie total resistance of n identical resistors in parallel
R ÷ n
How to calulcatie total resistance of resistors in parallel
1/RT=1/R1+1/R2...
How does adding a resistor in series affect the total resistance
Always increases the total resistance
How does adding a resistor in parallel affect the total resistance
Always decreases the total resistance
Hint
Answer
What is the total EMF of two cells that are connected the same way around
Their EMFs are added
What is the total EMF If cells are connected in opposite directions
The total EMF is the difference between their EMFs. If they have the same magnitude EMF, the total EMF = 0
What is the effect of connecting two identical resistors in parallel
Resistance is halved
What is the effect of connecting two identical resistors in series
Resistance is doubled
The ratio of the pds in a potential divider is the same ratio as
the resistances
Describe a potential divider
Two or more resistors in series with a fixed source of EMF
Define lost volts
The pd dropped across the internal resistance
Define internal resistance
The opposition to current created by the charge carriers having to flow through the source of EMF
Define terminal pd
The work done per unit charge supplied to the load resistance
How can you calculate the current supplied by a cell that has internal resistance
Equal to the EMF divided by the total resistance in the circuit (internal resistance + load resistance)
How does the power wasted by heating the internal resistance relate to the current?
Proportional to the square of the current being supplied
As the current drawn from a source increases what happens to the PD
The terminal/output pd falls
What is found in a light sensing circuit?
A potential divider containing an LDR
What is found in a temperature sensing circuit?
A potential divider containing a thermistor
If the resistance of a component in a potential divider falls what happens to the PD
The pd across it decreases
Share of the total pd across each resistor in a potential divider is equal to
its share of the total resistance
Write equation for EMF in a circuit with one resistor and one cell with internal resistance
E = V + Ir so V = -Ir + E where y = mx + c
The y-intercept of an output pd against current graph is equal to
EMF
The gradient of an output pd against current graph is equal to
Internal resistance, r
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