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AQA - A Level Physics - Mechanics and Materials #2

Recap
Quiz by Nighthawk
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Last updated: July 8, 2020
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First submittedJuly 8, 2020
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Hint
Answer
Momentum changes when
A resultant force is acting
Give Newton's 1st Law of motion
An object will remain at rest of move at a constant velocity unless acted upon by a resultant force
Give Newton's 2nd Law of motion
Resultant force is equal to rate of change of momentum
Give Newton's 3rd Law of motion
When two objects interact they exert forces on each other that are equal in magnitude, opposite in direction, are of the same type and act along the same line.
Define resultant force
The vector sum of forces acting on an object
Why does the acceleration of a rocket gradually increases during lift off
Since the mass gradually decreases whilst the force is typically constant
What is the same for two unequal masses hanging over a pulley
The tension acting
Give the equation for Momentum
Mass × velocity
Units equivalent to kgms⁻¹
Ns
Resultant force is equal to...(think N's 2nd Law)
Equal to the rate of change of momentum
Give the equation for Impulse
Force × time
What is shown by the Area under a force time graph
Impulse
What is shown by the Gradient of a momentum-time graph
Resultant force
Force × time
Equal to change in momentum
Conservation of momentum
The total momentum in a system is constant provided no external force acts
Hint
Answer
In an Elastic Collision....
kinetic energy is conserved
In an Inelastic collision
kinetic energy is not conserved
What is the law of conservation of energy
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, ony transferred between objects and transformed between types
Give the equation for Work done
Force × displacement in the direction of the force
Effect of friction on a moving object
Transfers kinetic energy primarily to thermal energy
Change in gravitational potential energy is equal to the change in kinetic energy is TRUE providing....
If no resistive forces are acting
Energy transferred is equivalent to
Work done
Give the equation for Efficiency
Useful energy out ÷ Total energy in
For an object sliding downhill at constant speed, Gravitational potential energy lost =
work done by friction
For a vehicle travelling uphill at constant speed, Work done by driving force =
Gain in gravitational potential energy + work done by friction
Define power
Energy transferred per second
Unit equivalent to Js⁻¹
Watts
For an object travelling at constant velocity under a driving force
Power = Force × velocity
On a force-distance graph the area under the line represent
work done
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