Statistics for APP Part A's: General Anaesthetic

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Answer Stats

Question	Answer	% Correct
What drug is most commonly used in the UK?	Propofol	100%
The mechanism of action of the vasoconstrictors	A1 activation	0%
What is used to reverse the effects of a neuromuscular blocker and what is used to prevent the effects of this reverser?	Acetylcholinesterase e.g. neostigmine and physostigmine. Muscarinic antagonist	0%
What can reverse neuromuscular blocking?	Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors e.g. neostigmine, physostigmine	0%
Ondansetron	Antiemetic blocks 5HT3 receptor Centrally (deactivates vomiting centre in medulla oblongata) peripherally (blocks receptors in chemoreceptor trigger zone)	0%
Temazepam	Anxiolytic	0%
Codeine	Centrally acting opiate used for analgesic effect	0%
Nitrous oxide (administration)	Inhaled agent very weak anaesthetic MAC greater than 100% extremely high plasma solubility	0%
Propofol	IV Barbiturate hypnotic most commonly used agent short acting	0%
Name 2 possible targets of general anaesthetics	Lipid membrane	0%
What are acetylcholinesterase inhibitors used for?	Myasthenia gravis, Alzheimer’s, Glaucoma,	0%
Name a currently used inhaled anaesthetic?	Nitrous oxide Isoflurane Desflurane Sevoflurane (used in maintenance of GA, extremely fast onset and offset) Halothane	0%
Diclofenac	NSAID used in GA	0%
Diclofenac	NSAID used in GA	0%
Morphine	Opiate analgesic used as adjuvant in general anaesthesia. Produces respiratory depression and hypothermia. U opioid receptor agonist	0%
What happens in stage 4 anaesthesia?	Overdose	0%
Side effects of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors include:	Pro-muscarinic effects bradycardia hypotension hypersecretion bronchoconstriction GI tract hypermobility decreased intraocular pressure	0%
Name 2 possible targets of general anaesthetics	Proteins	0%
Short acting local anaesthetics are used during GA to (+ examples)	Reduce post-operative pain. Lidocaine bupivacaine	0%
Parasympatholytics (muscarinic antagonist) are applied in order to control what?	Reduces PSNS activity Reduces salivation Reduces respiratory tract secretion e.g. glycopyrrolate	0%
What happens in stage 3 anaesthesia?	“surgical anaesthesia” muscles relax	0%
Active warming is used to manage what?	The loss of thermoregulatory control through peripheral vasodilation (causes cooling)	0%
Name an injected anaesthetic?	Thiopental Ketamine Propofol Diazepam	0%
Vasoconstrictors are used in order to control systemic what?	Vasodilation (helps prevent hypotension and hypothermia induced by excessive cooling) minimise bleeding	0%