|
Question or Term
|
Answer
|
|
An 1859 war in which France and Sardinia defeated Austria in no small part due to a prolonged lack of military investment and reform, the latter losing much of its Italian territory
|
Second Italian War of Independence
|
|
A diet based in Frankfurt that was little more than a debating chamber where member states protected their own interests and suppressed reform
|
Federal Convention
|
|
That Prussian dominated union left by some German states such as Saxony and Hanover over the failure of other German states to join it and Austrian opposition against it
|
Erfurt Union
|
|
Political views commonly linked to the middle classes and broadly in favour of progress, reform, and free trade, as opposed to absolutism
|
Liberalism
|
|
That association of German states which was formally re-established in May 1851 as Prussia and Austria faced too much opposition for their alternatives by Austria and the smaller German states respectively
|
German Confederation
|
|
The Minister President of Prussia from 1810 to 1822 who instituted a wide range of reforms such as opening the civil service to men of all classes, making elementary education universal, secularisation of church lands, &c.
|
Prince Karl von Hardenberg (1750 - 1822)
|
|
A constitution for a German Empire narrowly agreed by the Frankfurt Parliament in March 1849, espousing the kleindeutschland solution, and a bicameral legislature, all headed by a powerful emperor
|
Paulskirche Constitution
|
|
The factor by which Prussia's population was increased by its territorial gains following the Congress of Vienna
|
Double
|
|
A term used by Karl Marx to refer to the primarily industrial working classes
|
Proletariat
|
|
A declaration by 51 representatives from Prussia, Bavaria, Württemberg, Baden, Nassau, and Frankfurt, published in March 1848 calling for the creation of a German-wide meeting to discuss proposals for political reform
|
Declaration of Heidelberg
|
|
That Prussian electoral system which caused much over-representation of middle class liberals within the electorate and in the legislature
|
Three Class System
|
|
The Prussian Finance Minister from 1825 to 1830 who extended the Prussian Customs Union and encouraged road building to circumvent the two competing German customs unions in order to facilitate political union under Prussian leadership
|
Friedrich von Motz (1775 - 1830)
|
|
That solution to the German Question that the Frankfurt Parliament voted in favour of in October 1848 only for Austrian Minister President Prince Felix of Schwarzenberg to reject it due to the indivisibility of the Austrian Empire
|
Großdeutschland
|
|
The country in which the 1848 Revolutions began, ultimately leading to the abdication of its monarch in February
|
France
|
|
The proportion by which Prussian foreign trade, railway building, and industrial development grew in the 1850's due to plentiful resources of chemicals, coal, iron, &c., good education, the Zollverein, and efficient transport networks
|
Double
|
|
The number of those who died on 18th September 1848 when a radical mob tried to storm the Paulskirche, defended by Austrian, Prussian, and Hessian troops, resulting in a reactionary surge within the Frankfurt Parliament
|
80
|
|
That system introduced in 1848 for elections in Prussia in which men aged 21 or over were split into three classes, equal in the amount of tax revenue they paid, elected a third of the Parliament each, with 4.7% of the population in the first class, 12.7% in the second, and 82.6% in the third
|
Three Class System
|
|
That incarnation of a German state otherwise known as the Third Reich
|
German Reich
|
|
An 1849 agreement to join in union (Erfurt Union) between the kings of Prussia, Saxony, and Hanover, the latter two of which reserved the right to abandon said union unless all other German states excluding Austria joined
|
Alliance of the Three Kings
|
|
A large 1813 battle in which principally Russian, Austrian, Prussian, and Swedish forces defeated the French army under Napoleon, leading to the dissolution of the Confederation of the Rhine
|
Battle of Leipzig
|
